Discipline and Ideas in Social Sciences (Q2). The Filipino Thinkers

Summary

In this lesson, Teacher Claire introduces Filipino social thinkers and their contributions to society, focusing on figures such as José Rizal, Isabelo de los Reyes, Pedro Paterno, Emilio Jacinto, and Andrés Bonifacio. The lesson explores their works, social ideas, and roles in shaping Philippine history and identity. Through engaging activities and a quiz, students learn about the importance of these thinkers in promoting political and social change. The session encourages students to reflect on the role of social thinkers and relate it to contemporary issues in society.

Takeaways

• 📚 The lesson introduces Filipino social thinkers, focusing on their contributions to society and their significance in the field of social sciences.
• 🧠 José Rizal, a Filipino national hero, was a prominent social thinker who changed his surname from Mercado to Rizal to avoid Spanish colonial targeting.
• ✍️ José Rizal wrote two influential novels, *Noli Me Tangere* and *El Filibusterismo*, which critiqued Spanish colonial rule and explored the possibility of revolution.
• 🎯 Rizal's social ideas emphasized the need for a propaganda campaign to educate Filipinos about their rights and the colonial conditions they faced.
• 🌾 Isabelo de los Reyes, another social thinker, was a labor activist and a founder of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente. He is known as the father of Philippine folklore, labor movement, and socialism.
• 📝 Pedro Paterno was a Filipino politician, poet, and novelist, known for his role in mediating the peace agreement during the Philippine revolution, though his works were often seen as irrational by contemporaries.
• 🧠 Emilio Jacinto, known as the 'Brains of the Katipunan,' played a major role in the Philippine revolution and was the author of the Katipunan's official newspaper and handbook.
• ⚔️ Andrés Bonifacio, one of the founders of the Katipunan, was a revolutionary leader who sought to overthrow Spanish colonial rule. He is considered one of the national heroes of the Philippines.
• 📅 The lesson highlights the importance of studying these social thinkers to understand their contributions to the political, social, and philosophical development of the Philippines.
• ❓ The lesson concludes with an activity asking students to imagine themselves as Filipino thinkers and propose ideas for addressing current social issues.

Q & A

Who is the teacher in the video and what subject does she teach?

The teacher in the video is Teacher Claire, and she teaches Humanities and Social Science.

What is the first activity introduced by Teacher Claire?

The first activity is to guess the names of Filipino social thinkers by completing the letters corresponding to their pictures.

Who are the Filipino social thinkers mentioned in the lesson?

The Filipino social thinkers mentioned are Jose Rizal, Isabella de los Reyes, Pedro Paterno, Emilio Jacinto, and Andres Bonifacio.

Why did Jose Rizal change his surname from Mercado to Rizal?

Jose Rizal changed his surname to Rizal because Mercado was a common name targeted by Spanish authorities, and he wanted to protect his identity and distance himself from his brother Paciano Mercado, who was wanted by the authorities.

What are the two novels written by Jose Rizal and what do they discuss?

Jose Rizal wrote *Noli Me Tangere* (1887), which reflected the problems of exploitation in Filipino society under Spanish rule, and *El Filibusterismo* (1891), which examined the possibilities and consequences of revolution.

What is the significance of studying Filipino social thinkers, according to the lesson?

Studying Filipino social thinkers opens awareness of the various disciplines in social sciences and their contributions to the advancement of society and political thought.

What was one of the major contributions of Isabella de los Reyes?

Isabella de los Reyes was the founder of the first labor union in the Philippines, the Union Obrera Democratica, and is known as the father of Philippine folklore, the labor movement, and Filipino socialism.

What was Pedro Paterno's role in the Philippine Revolution?

Pedro Paterno acted as a mediator in the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, which led to a peace agreement between the Spaniards and the Filipinos in 1897.

Who is Emilio Jacinto and what is his significance in the Katipunan?

Emilio Jacinto was known as the brains of the Katipunan and played a key role in the Philippine Revolution. He wrote the Katipunan's official newspaper, *Kalayaan*, and the handbook *Kartilya ng Katipunan*.

What question does Teacher Claire ask to encourage students to reflect on their role as future Filipino social thinkers?

Teacher Claire asks, 'If you are given a chance to be a Filipino thinker, what would be the title of your work? Do you think your work will have a relation to the social issues that we are facing now, which is the government? Why?'

Outlines

00:00

🎓 Introduction to Social Sciences and Filipino Social Thinkers

Teacher Claire welcomes learners to a social sciences class, guiding them through a lesson on Filipino social thinkers. She introduces a quick activity where students guess the names of key figures such as Emilio Jacinto, Andrés Bonifacio, and others. The objectives include identifying social thinkers, understanding their works, and appreciating their contributions to the Philippines.

05:02

📜 José Rizal: The First Filipino Social Thinker

This section explores the life and contributions of José Rizal, the Filipino national hero. It explains why he used the surname 'Rizal' instead of 'Mercado' to avoid Spanish persecution. Rizal’s works, particularly *Noli Me Tangere* and *El Filibusterismo*, are discussed for their critique of Spanish colonial rule and their call for reforms and revolution. His sociological perspectives on Filipino society under Spanish rule are also highlighted.

10:05

📚 Other Prominent Filipino Social Thinkers

The script introduces other significant Filipino social thinkers. Isabelo de los Reyes is presented as the father of Philippine folklore, labor movements, and socialism, advocating for agrarian reform. Pedro Paterno, although less appreciated by his peers, contributed to peace efforts and Filipino literature. Emilio Jacinto, known as the 'Brains of the Katipunan', was a revolutionary leader and a key figure in the fight for independence. Andrés Bonifacio, a founder of the Katipunan, played a central role in the Philippine Revolution.

15:05

📝 Lesson Recap and Activity

Teacher Claire concludes the lesson by reviewing the key Filipino social thinkers, their contributions, and their legacies. She asks students to reflect on their potential contributions as Filipino thinkers in the context of current social issues. The class ends with a short multiple-choice quiz covering the thinkers discussed, testing students' comprehension of the lesson.

Keywords

💡Social Thinkers

Social thinkers are individuals recognized for their influential ideas and contributions toward societal improvement. In the context of the video, social thinkers like José Rizal and Andres Bonifacio shaped the Philippines’ political and social structures. Their thoughts and works played a crucial role in the Philippine revolution and independence movement.

💡José Rizal

José Rizal is one of the Philippines' most prominent national heroes and social thinkers. He is known for his writings, particularly 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo,' which critiqued the Spanish colonial government. His works are highlighted in the video as examples of how social thinkers can inspire revolutionary change by addressing societal issues such as oppression and colonization.

💡Noli Me Tangere

'Noli Me Tangere' is a novel written by José Rizal in 1887. It addresses the exploitation and abuses of the Spanish colonial government in the Philippines. In the video, this work is mentioned to illustrate how Rizal used literature to awaken the Filipino people to the oppressive conditions under Spanish rule.

💡El Filibusterismo

'El Filibusterismo,' written by José Rizal in 1891, is the sequel to 'Noli Me Tangere' and explores the consequences of revolution. The video emphasizes this novel to show Rizal’s forward-thinking vision on the struggles and possibilities of the Filipino people's fight for freedom.

💡Isabelo de los Reyes

Isabelo de los Reyes was a Filipino writer, politician, and labor activist known for his contributions to Philippine folklore and the labor movement. In the video, he is recognized as a significant figure for founding the Philippine Independent Church and organizing the first labor union in the Philippines, highlighting his role in shaping the country's social and labor rights movements.

💡Pedro Paterno

Pedro Paterno was a Filipino politician and writer, often remembered for his role in negotiating the Pact of Biak-na-Bato between the Spanish and the Filipino revolutionaries. The video portrays him as a controversial figure due to his fluctuating political allegiances, but it also emphasizes his contributions to Filipino literature and diplomacy.

💡Emilio Jacinto

Emilio Jacinto, known as the 'Brains of the Katipunan,' was a key figure in the Philippine revolution against Spanish rule. He wrote important revolutionary documents such as the 'Kartilya ng Katipunan,' a guidebook for the revolutionary movement. In the video, he is celebrated for his leadership in the Katipunan and his role in shaping the revolutionary ideology.

💡Andres Bonifacio

Andres Bonifacio was the founder of the Katipunan and a leading figure in the Philippine revolution against Spain. He is often regarded as the 'Father of the Philippine Revolution.' In the video, his works and revolutionary efforts are discussed as key contributions to the eventual overthrow of Spanish colonial rule.

💡Katipunan

The Katipunan, or 'Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan,' was a revolutionary society founded by Andres Bonifacio aimed at gaining independence from Spain. In the video, it is presented as the primary organization behind the Philippine revolution, with leaders like Bonifacio and Jacinto playing crucial roles in its success.

💡Pact of Biak-na-Bato

The Pact of Biak-na-Bato was a peace agreement made in 1897 between Spanish colonial authorities and Filipino revolutionaries, brokered by Pedro Paterno. The video references this pact as one of Paterno’s major contributions to the revolutionary effort, although the peace was short-lived, leading to renewed hostilities.

Highlights

Introduction to the class, including welcoming the students and setting the learning environment.

Presentation of the main objective of the lesson, which is to identify Filipino social thinkers.

Engaging students with an interactive activity, asking them to complete names of Filipino social thinkers based on given pictures.

Introduction of key Filipino social thinkers: Jose Rizal, Isabelo de los Reyes, Pedro Paterno, Emilio Jacinto, and Andres Bonifacio.

Explanation of Jose Rizal's name change and the historical context of why he used 'Rizal' instead of 'Mercado'.

Overview of Jose Rizal’s contributions as a writer and activist, particularly his novels *Noli Me Tangere* and *El Filibusterismo*.

Detailed discussion on Rizal's critique of Spanish colonial society and his ideas for Filipino emancipation.

Introduction to Isabelo de los Reyes, labeled as the 'Father of Philippine Folklore' and his contributions to the labor movement.

Key social ideas of Isabelo de los Reyes, including his critique of the friars' land ownership and advocacy for labor rights.

Introduction of Pedro Paterno as a 'pacemaker of the revolution' and his works including the first Filipino novel *Ninay*.

Overview of Emilio Jacinto, known as the 'Brains of the Katipunan,' and his contributions to the revolution.

Discussion of Andres Bonifacio, the 'Father of the Philippine Revolution,' and his leadership in the Katipunan.

Reflection activity asking students what they would contribute as a Filipino social thinker and how it would relate to contemporary social issues.

Multiple-choice quiz to assess students’ understanding of the Filipino social thinkers and their contributions.

Closing thoughts encouraging students to reflect on the lesson and an inspirational quote to end the class.

Transcripts

[Music]

good day learners

welcome to the discipline and ideas and

social sciences class

i am teacher claire your humanities and

social science teacher

how are you today i hope you are doing

great

before we begin i want you to settle in

your study area and make sure to secure

your activity sheet involvement and let

me guide you this learning journey

i know that you're excited to learn so

let us begin

what do you think of these people

yes indeed they are the social thinkers

in the philippines

but guess who are they

for our first activity i'll give you 10

seconds to complete the letters to form

the correct names of the given pictures

[Music]

very good the picture number one is

off

the picture number two is isabella de

los reyes

the picture number three is pedro

paterno

picture number four is emilio jacento

and the last picture is andres funifacio

these are the objectives of today's

lesson

first identify the filipino social

thinkers

second

list their works philosophies ideas and

their contributions to our country

and third appreciate the contributions

of the filipino social thinkers

[Music]

what is the importance of studying the

filipino social thinkers

[Music]

it opened the awareness of the people

according to the various disciplines in

the social sciences

it also provided significant

contributions to the advancement of the

disciplines of the social sciences

what is social thinkers

it is an individual in society who can

be regarded as forefronts and

visionaries toward improvement of

society in particular time

it also regarded as great individuals

who have contributed significantly to

development of political social thought

and philosophy

the first social thinker is fuzirizal

many wonder why he used rizal while his

father was francisco mercado he should

have been jose mercado right

so why did rizal's surname become rizal

instead of mercado

the real full name of jose rizal is husi

putasho rizal

last name mercado during those time was

a hot name targeted by the spaniards

he changed his story name to protect his

identity

so he just used his middle name rizal

instead which was considered as

illustrato during the spanish time and

entails the benefits a spaniard can get

also his brother pashana mercado was

wanted by the colonial authorities for

being an associate of the martyred

priest father hussein goss

and passano feared that rizal would not

be accepted under his real name

second there was spanish loot to change

the last name of filipinos those times

mercado sounded a common name and there

were lots of people having that surname

already who were not really relatives of

rizal

jose rizal was born on june 19 1861 in

calamba laguna

he is tagged as the national hero or

pambansang bayani of the filipino people

he became a writer and a k-member of the

filipino propaganda movement which

advocated political reforms for the

colony under spain

he was the filipino thinker and the

activist and probably the first

systematic social thinker in southeast

asia

he gave us a different perspective on

the colonial dimension of the emerging

modernity of the 19th century

now let's move to the works of jose

rizal

he published his first novel noli

mitanghiri in 1887.

it was a diagnosis of the problems of

filipino society and a reflection of the

problems of exploitation in filipino

colonial society

it was a reflection of exploitative

conditions under spanish colonial rule

and enriched the spanish friars

his second novel el feribos therismo

published in 1891

it examined the possibilities and

consequences of revolution

let's talk about the social ideas of

jose rizal

[Music]

first focused on necessity to promote a

genuine propaganda campaign that will

provide information about the

philippines and their people their

capabilities and achievements

aspirations and moral rights

second

results works explain the nature and

conditions of filipino colonial society

during spanish period

third provide alternative ways and

requirements so that filipinos can seek

liberation from the colonial rule

and fourth results used emic perspective

or successors

three broad sociological aspects of

results works

first the theory of colonial society

that explains the nature and conditions

of colonial society

second results critic on colonial

knowledge of the philippines

and finally his discourse on the meaning

of and requirements for emancipation

these are some information about jose

rizal

rizal criticized the corrupt system of

the spanish colonial government

including its abusive officials

he blamed the backwardness of the

philippines and its lack of development

as the main cause of the indolence of

the people

the existing historical sources about

the philippines were mostly incorrect

prejudicial and scientific

baseless and irrational

rizal was an advocate of human rights

this time let's move to the second

filipino social thinker isabello de los

reyes

isabello de los riese florentino was

born on july 7 1864 in vegan locosaur

he was a prominent filipino politician

writer and a labor activist in 19th and

20th centuries

he was the founder of iglesia filipina

independiente and independent philippine

national church

[Music]

he is known as the father of philippine

folklore father of the philippine labor

movement and the father of the filipino

socialism

these are the works of isabello de los

reyes

first the ilocandias in 1887.

second the articulos varios in 1887.

third las islas visayas in la ipoca de

la conquesta in 1889

fourth historian the filipinas in 1889

and the last one is two volume historia

di locos in 1890

social ideas

criticized the friars ownership of large

trucks of haciendas and demanded for

agrarian reform for filipino farmers

during the american occupation of the

philippines he openly attacked the

americans and defended the first

philippine republic that was established

by aguinaldo

is known for organizing the first labor

union in the philippines the union

obrero democratica wherein he was the

president

he also founded laredincia de lubrero

the redemption of the laborer the first

labor newspaper in the philippines

he also initiated the celebration of the

first labor day on may 1 1902

the third social filipino thinker is

pedro paterno

pedro paterno was born on february 27

1857 in santa cruz manila

he is so-called the pacemaker of the

revolution

he is a filipino politician and famous

for being a turncoat

he was also a poet and a novelist

he was another intellectual who had a

great interest in early filipino and

their culture

unfortunately most contemporaries of

paternos such as rizal and illustrations

give little or no importance to the

works of paterno because of their

absurdity and irrationality

the words of pedro paterno

in 1880 the first filipino collection of

pawns

ninai in 1850 the first filipino novel

[Music]

social ideas paterno's greatest

contribution to the country was his role

as a mediator in the pack of biac number

two on december 14 1897 which lead to

peace agreement between the spaniards

and the filipinos an account of which he

published in 1910

the fourth filipino social thinker is

emilio jacinto

emilio ascento was born on december 15

1875 in tundu manila

he is so-called the brains of the

katipunan

and he was a filipino general during the

philippine revolution

works of emilio jacinto

hasentu wrote the official katipuna

newspaper dakaleyan

he also pinned the official handbook of

the movement called the cartilia

nankatipunen

social ideas of emilio jacinto

he was one of the highest ranking

officer in the philippine revolution and

was one of the highest ranking officers

of the revolutionary society kata asta

asan kagalanga katipunan

or simply and more popularly called

katipunan

being a member of its supreme council

he is known as ottak nakatipunan

jacinto also joined the militia fighting

the spaniards

the fifth filipino social thinker is

andres bonifacio

bonifacio was born on november 30 1863

bonifacio was one of the original

founders of the radical group katipunan

with the objective of overthrowing

spanish colonial regime in the

philippines

works of bonifacio

first is the french revolution

second life of the presidents of the

united states

third les miserables

fourth the ruins of palmeira

and fifth wandering jew

social ideas of bunifacio he was a

filipino revolutionary leader

often called the father of the

philippine revolution and considered one

of the national heroes of the

philippines

he was also a contributor to the

overthrowing spanish colonial regime in

the philippines

he was also a contributor to the

organization's newspaper

what an interesting topic right i hope

you have learned about our lesson today

you will have an activity to do for our

second activity

[Music]

my question is

if you are given a chance to be a

filipino thinker

what would be the title of your work

do you think your work will have

relation to the social issues that we

are facing now which is the government

why

i know you have a brilliant idea to my

question because you give your 100

attention

to test your learnings i have a set of

five item multiple choice tests that i

will be giving to you now

please follow and read the directions

carefully

[Music]

directions

choose the letter of the correct answer

and write your answer on a separate

sheet of paper

number one

he wrote two novels that were a

reflection of exploitative condition

under the spanish colonial rule and

examined the possibilities and

consequences of a revolution that

enraged the spanish friars who were this

activist and filipino thinker

letter a

andres

[Music]

great

the answer is letter b dr jose rizal

number two

the following are the contributions of

isabello de los ries incept

letter a

founder of ignitia filipina independente

b father of philippine folklore

c

father of the philippine labor movement

and letter d

father of philippine revolution

[Music]

good the answer is letter d

father of philippine revolution

number three

pedro paterno wrote the following poems

and novels except

hey sampaguitas is

[Music]

and letter d none of the choices

[Music]

excellent the answer is letter c les

miserables

number four

which book of pedro paterno is

considered as a first filipino

collection of poems

a

sampagita's ipo

varias

[Music]

excellent the answer is letter a

sampaguitas if we

number five who considered as the brains

of katipunan

letter a andres bonifacio

b

dr jose rizal

c

very good the answer is letter c emilio

jacinto

amazing you've made it hope you enjoyed

our lesson today interesting topic right

alan watts once said when you find out

that there was never anything in the

dark side to be afraid of

nothing is left but to love

once again this is teacher claire taker

and god bless us all

[Music]