Immanuel Kant: Mengapa Hegel Mengkritik Kant? (P3) - Dr. Fitzerald Sitorus

Summary

In this video, Iman Martoyo from Universitas Pelita Harapan discusses the complexities of Immanuel Kant's philosophy and Hegel's critical response. Kant's focus on the conditions for knowledge, known as transcendental philosophy, is critiqued by Hegel for leading to an infinite regress. Hegel advocates for a more immediate, context-based understanding of knowledge and morality. The discussion contrasts Kant's idealism with Hegel's dialectical approach, suggesting that in practical ethics, we often follow societal norms rather than abstract moral principles. Despite Hegel's critique, Kant's philosophy remains influential, especially in moral and psychological studies.

Takeaways

• 🧠 Hegel's criticism of Immanuel Kant's philosophy is central to understanding the evolution of German Idealism.
• 📚 Kant's philosophy focuses on the conditions of knowledge, which Hegel criticizes as being an endless regress.
• 🔄 Hegel argues that knowledge should begin with direct experience, not by analyzing the conditions of knowledge.
• 🌊 Hegel compares Kant's approach to someone learning to swim on land instead of directly entering the water.
• 🌍 Hegel believes knowledge must be grounded in real-life context, not in abstract, transcendental conditions.
• 🗝️ Kant's philosophy, though criticized by Hegel, remains relevant in understanding morality, distinguishing between moral and legal actions.
• 💬 Hegel proposes starting from the immediate, universal, and non-conceptual aspects of reality as a more practical approach.
• 🏛️ Kant’s notion of the 'categorical imperative' emphasizes morality without self-interest, which remains influential in ethical discussions today.
• 🔍 Kant's ideas on the conditions of knowledge have also significantly impacted modern studies of psychology and rational thinking.
• ⚖️ Despite Hegel's criticism, Kant's philosophy continues to be relevant and influential in various areas of philosophy and practical ethics.

Q & A

Who is the guest speaker in the transcript discussing Immanuel Kant's philosophy?

The guest speaker is referred to as 'Pak inspirasi', but the name is not provided in the transcript.

What is the main criticism of Immanuel Kant's philosophy discussed in the transcript?

The main criticism discussed is from Hegel, who criticizes Kant's foundational assumptions and emphasizes the need to investigate the conditions of knowledge.

What does Hegel propose as an alternative to Kant's transcendental approach?

Hegel proposes starting directly with the execution of knowledge, rather than beginning with an investigation of the conditions of knowledge.

What is the term used to describe Kant's philosophy as criticized by Hegel?

Kant's philosophy is referred to as 'transcendentalism', which Hegel criticizes for being too abstract and disconnected from reality.

How does Hegel view the starting point of knowledge?

Hegel views the starting point of knowledge as immediate experiences and non-conceptual elements, rather than starting with transcendental conditions.

What does the term 'kritisisme' mentioned in the transcript refer to?

The term 'kritisisme' refers to 'criticism' in English, specifically referring to Kant's critical philosophy that investigates the conditions of knowledge.

What is the significance of the term 'transcendental' in Kant's philosophy as discussed in the transcript?

In Kant's philosophy, the term 'transcendental' refers to the conditions that make knowledge possible, which are not empirical but rather a priori.

What is the role of 'syarat-syarat pengetahuan' or 'conditions of knowledge' in Kant's philosophy?

In Kant's philosophy, the conditions of knowledge are what make understanding and knowledge possible, and they are investigated through his critical philosophy.

How does Hegel's criticism of Kant relate to the concept of 'rerengkungan' or 'framework'?

Hegel criticizes Kant for creating a framework that is too abstract and not grounded in the immediate experiences and context of knowledge.

What is the implication of Hegel's criticism on the field of metaphysics and epistemology?

Hegel's criticism implies that metaphysics and epistemology should not be detached from the surrounding context, time, and space, and should start with immediate experiences.

What is the relevance of Immanuel Kant's philosophy in contemporary discussions as mentioned in the transcript?

Kant's philosophy remains relevant as it provides a framework for understanding morality and ethics, and it continues to be interpreted and discussed by contemporary philosophers.