El APARATO LOCOMOTOR explicado: sus partes y funcionamiento🦴💪
Summary
TLDREn este video se explica de manera clara y detallada el sistema musculoesquelético, un conjunto de estructuras corporales formado por el esqueleto, los músculos esqueléticos y tejidos accesorios que permiten el movimiento. El video desglosa las partes del sistema óseo, como los huesos, articulaciones, cartílagos y ligamentos, así como el sistema muscular, compuesto por músculos esqueléticos responsables de la movilidad voluntaria. También se abordan las funciones de ambos sistemas y cómo trabajan juntos bajo el control del sistema nervioso central. Finalmente, se mencionan algunas enfermedades comunes relacionadas con este sistema. ¡No olvides suscribirte y dejar un like!
Takeaways
- 💪 El sistema musculoesquelético está compuesto por el esqueleto, los músculos esqueléticos y estructuras accesorias que permiten el movimiento del cuerpo.
- 🦴 El sistema óseo proporciona soporte y protección a los órganos, mientras que el sistema muscular es responsable del movimiento de los huesos.
- 🧠 El movimiento de los músculos es controlado por el sistema nervioso, permitiendo que el cuerpo se mueva solo cuando se desea.
- 🔗 El esqueleto se divide en dos grupos principales: el esqueleto axial (cabeza, pecho y columna vertebral) y el esqueleto apendicular (brazos, piernas y pies).
- 🏋️♂️ Los músculos esqueléticos son voluntarios, lo que significa que se contraen y relajan solo cuando lo decidimos, permitiendo movimientos controlados.
- 🤝 Los huesos se unen a través de las articulaciones y están conectados por ligamentos, mientras que los músculos se conectan a los huesos a través de los tendones.
- 🚶♂️ El aparato locomotor nos permite interactuar con el entorno, realizar actividades cotidianas como caminar, correr, bailar y hacer ejercicio.
- 🦵 Los músculos y los huesos trabajan en conjunto: los huesos proporcionan una base para los músculos, y los músculos mueven los huesos para generar desplazamiento.
- ⚠️ Las enfermedades comunes del sistema musculoesquelético incluyen artritis, osteoporosis, dolores musculares, y lesiones como tendinitis, esguinces y fracturas.
- 🧠 El sistema nervioso central, a través de impulsos eléctricos y mensajeros químicos, controla los movimientos voluntarios del cuerpo, utilizando información sensorial para coordinar las acciones.
Q & A
¿Qué es el sistema musculoesquelético?
-El sistema musculoesquelético es el conjunto de estructuras corporales que incluye el esqueleto, los músculos esqueléticos y otras estructuras accesorias que permiten el movimiento del cuerpo.
¿Cuáles son los dos sistemas que componen el aparato locomotor?
-El aparato locomotor está compuesto por el sistema óseo, formado por los huesos, y el sistema muscular esquelético, compuesto por los músculos que se asocian a los huesos.
¿Qué función principal desempeña el sistema óseo?
-El sistema óseo tiene la función principal de proporcionar soporte y estructura al cuerpo, así como proteger órganos vitales.
¿Cómo se diferencian los músculos esqueléticos de los músculos cardíacos y lisos?
-Los músculos esqueléticos se asocian con los huesos y son voluntarios, lo que significa que se mueven cuando lo decidimos. En cambio, los músculos cardíacos y lisos se encuentran en las paredes del corazón y de los órganos internos, y funcionan de manera involuntaria.
¿Qué son los tendones y qué función cumplen?
-Los tendones son estructuras formadas por tejido conectivo que unen los músculos a los huesos. Su función es transmitir la fuerza contráctil del músculo al hueso, lo que permite el movimiento.
¿Qué es el esqueleto axial y cuál es su función?
-El esqueleto axial está formado por los huesos de la cabeza, el pecho y la columna vertebral. Su función principal es proteger los órganos internos y ayudar a mantener la postura.
¿Qué es el esqueleto apendicular y cuál es su importancia en el movimiento?
-El esqueleto apendicular está compuesto por los huesos de las extremidades, como brazos, manos, piernas y pies. Es crucial para el movimiento y desplazamiento del cuerpo.
¿Qué papel juega el sistema nervioso en el sistema musculoesquelético?
-El sistema nervioso controla el sistema musculoesquelético al enviar impulsos eléctricos desde el cerebro a los músculos para que se contraigan o relajen, permitiendo el movimiento.
¿Cuáles son algunos problemas comunes que pueden afectar al sistema musculoesquelético?
-Algunos problemas comunes incluyen la artritis, la osteoporosis, dolores musculares por compresión o mala postura, y condiciones como tendinitis, esguinces y fracturas.
¿Por qué es importante el sistema musculoesquelético para la vida diaria?
-El sistema musculoesquelético es esencial para realizar movimientos, interactuar con el entorno y realizar actividades diarias como caminar, correr, cocinar, bailar, entre otras.
Outlines
🦴 Introducción al sistema musculoesquelético
Este párrafo introduce el sistema musculoesquelético, explicando que está compuesto por el esqueleto, los músculos esqueléticos y estructuras accesorias que permiten el movimiento. También aclara que el sistema está formado por dos sistemas interrelacionados: el sistema óseo, que proporciona soporte y estructura, y el sistema muscular, que se encarga del movimiento, controlado por el sistema nervioso. Finalmente, se hace una transición hacia las partes que componen este sistema, comenzando con el sistema óseo.
🦴 Sistema óseo: estructura y funciones
El párrafo describe el sistema óseo, que está compuesto por huesos, articulaciones, cartílagos y ligamentos. Los huesos proporcionan soporte y protección a los órganos, y las articulaciones permiten el movimiento del esqueleto. Se mencionan dos grupos principales de huesos: el esqueleto axial, que incluye los huesos del cráneo, tórax y columna vertebral, y el esqueleto apendicular, que abarca las extremidades. Este último es el principal responsable del movimiento corporal. También se destaca la función protectora de los huesos y su papel en el mantenimiento de la postura.
💪 Sistema muscular: músculos esqueléticos y sus funciones
Este párrafo se centra en los músculos esqueléticos, que son los responsables del movimiento en el sistema musculoesquelético. Estos músculos están formados por células alargadas y fibrosas que permiten la contracción y el estiramiento necesarios para el movimiento. Son voluntarios, es decir, solo se mueven cuando lo decidimos, y trabajan en pares opuestos para mover el esqueleto. Además, se explica cómo los músculos se conectan al sistema óseo mediante tendones, los cuales transmiten la fuerza contráctil del músculo al hueso para permitir el movimiento.
🧠 Coordinación entre el sistema musculoesquelético y el sistema nervioso
Este párrafo detalla cómo el sistema nervioso central controla el sistema musculoesquelético. El cerebro utiliza información sensorial, como la vista, el oído y el tacto, para decidir cuándo mover una parte del cuerpo. Las señales viajan a través de las neuronas como impulsos eléctricos hasta los músculos, donde provocan la contracción o relajación de los filamentos contráctiles. De esta manera, los huesos y los músculos trabajan juntos para realizar el movimiento. También se mencionan algunas enfermedades comunes del sistema musculoesquelético, como la artritis y la osteoporosis, y se hace referencia a dolores musculares y problemas derivados de un uso excesivo de los músculos.
👋 Despedida y conclusión
Este último párrafo concluye el video resumiendo la importancia del sistema musculoesquelético en la interacción del ser humano con su entorno y destacando cómo el movimiento ha sido clave en la evolución humana. Además, se mencionan las múltiples actividades cotidianas que dependen de este sistema. Finalmente, el presentador se despide, alentando a los espectadores a darle 'me gusta' al video y suscribirse al canal.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Sistema musculoesquelético
💡Esqueleto axial
💡Esqueleto apendicular
💡Músculos esqueléticos
💡Articulaciones
💡Cartílago
💡Ligamentos
💡Tendones
💡Contracción muscular
💡Sistema nervioso central
Highlights
Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, which consists of the skeletal system and the muscular system.
The skeletal system is made up of bones, joints, cartilage, and connective tissue fibers, providing structure and support to the body.
Joints allow for skeletal movement and hold bones together, while cartilage offers flexibility in areas like the nose and ears.
Ligaments, made of collagen, connect bones and prevent them from moving unnecessarily.
The axial skeleton consists of the skull, chest, and vertebral column, which protect vital organs.
The appendicular skeleton comprises the arms, hands, legs, and feet, responsible for movement and locomotion.
Skeletal muscles, unlike cardiac and smooth muscles, are voluntary and move only when we intend to move.
Tendons connect muscles to bones, facilitating movement by transmitting the contractile force from muscles to bones.
The musculoskeletal system enables movement essential for interacting with the environment and daily activities such as walking, dancing, and exercising.
Bones provide support and act as levers for muscles, while muscles create movement, highlighting the interdependence of the skeletal and muscular systems.
The brain controls muscle movement by sending electrical impulses through neurons, which are translated into chemical signals that contract or relax muscles.
Common musculoskeletal issues include arthritis (joint inflammation), osteoporosis (bone weakening due to calcium loss), and muscle aches from poor posture and overuse.
Back and neck pain are prevalent due to stress and inadequate rest, affecting the musculoskeletal system's functionality.
Athletes and workers who don't rest, eat properly, or hydrate sufficiently may suffer from musculoskeletal overuse injuries.
Other potential issues with the musculoskeletal system include fractures, sprains, tendinitis, inflammatory diseases, and cancers.
Transcripts
hello guys I hope you are very well this time I have prepared a video in which
I will talk about the musculoskeletal system the musculoskeletal system also known
as the musculoskeletal system is the set of body structures made up of the skeleton,
the skeletal muscles and some accessory structures that allow our body to
move this apparatus is what allows us to make movements and move from one place to another and
is made up of two independent but highly interrelated systems: the
skeletal system made up of the bones and the skeletal muscle system made up of those muscles that are
associated with the bones in this apparatus the bone system has a very important role in the support and
structure of our body while the muscular system is in charge of moving the bones
the muscular action is controlled by our nervous system that is to say that
only it moves when we want you to now that we know What is
the musculoskeletal system and what is it for? Let's quickly see what its parts are.
As I already mentioned, the musculoskeletal system is made up of elements belonging to two
systems that, although they are defined separately, are closely related to each other: the bone system and the
muscular system specifically. the portion corresponding to the skeletal muscles
let's start with the skeletal system this system is made up of all the bones of our
body by the joints the cartilage and connective tissue fibers the bones
are very hard and rigid structures capable of supporting the body and of protect the most
important organs without the bones our body would have rather a consistency and a gelatinous appearance
the joints are the places where two or more bones come into contact with each other that is to say
where they join and are the ones that allow the skeleton to move and hold everything together
cartilages are softer and more flexible structures than bones and are part of the
joints of the nose and ears and finally the ligaments are
very resistant connective tissue fibers made of collagen that hold the joints to the bones and
prevent them from moving on them now well within this great system We can find
two large groups of bones: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton
is the part of the bone system that is formed by the bones of the head of the chest and the
vertebral column, all of which carry out functions of protection of the organs that there contain
inside, however, the spine also plays an important role in maintaining posture,
although this part of the skeleton provides a support surface, it is not precisely the one that
participates in the locomotor system when we speak strictly of movement and displacement
in these particular actions . the protagonist is the appendicular skeleton since it is
formed by structures ures that help us move all day whether we are sitting
in front of the computer or walking to the park this skeleton comprises the bones
that form our appendages that is, the arms, hands, legs and feet
most of the bones of the body are concentrated in this portion of the
skeletal system and also contain the largest and strongest bones in our body,
the other large part of the musculoskeletal system and the really active part, as I already mentioned, is the scalar
muscular system, as opposed to the cardiac and smooth muscles that They are part
of the walls of the heart and of the viscera and hollow organs, respectively. Skeletal muscles
, as their name indicates, are those that are associated with the bones of the skeleton and are
those that are responsible for the musculoskeletal system. They are made up of thousands of elongated cells.
and fibrous that form a mass that is located between the skin and the bones the muscle cells are
equipped with a large number of contractile protein fibers such as the tics which make possible
the process of shortening and stretching of the muscles that is necessary so that we can
carry out movements, move and maintain an upright posture, a very
important characteristic of the skeletal muscles is that they are voluntary, this means that They move
only when we want them to happen. Our body has more than 600 muscles of this type,
which vary considerably in shape, size, and body location. Generally, these muscles
move the skeleton in opposite pairs, that is, when one contracts, the other relaxes, allowing it
to move toward the other. movement of the limbs well, since we have seen these two great members
of the musculoskeletal system, let's see how they both come together to work together
, the first thing we have to know is that the bones join together thanks to the joints
which are attached to each bone by connective tissue fibers called ligaments
on the other hand muscles are elastic and resistant tissues formed by muscle cells
equipped with contractile fibers but as they are associated with both systems muscles can
join the skeletal system through structures known as tendons a tendon is
a structure formed by fibers of connective tissue mainly made of collagen that is
found at the ends of the muscles and fulfills the function of holding it or joining it to the bone tissue
, in addition to allowing this physical connection, the tendons also participate in the transmission
of the contractile force from the muscle to the bone with the that what is connected well since we have
seen how this apparatus is constituted let us now see some functions that it fulfills as you already know
movement is one of the main functions that the locomotive apparatus provides to the human body and
is crucial to favor our interaction with the environment that surrounds us surrounds and being able to move from one
place to another has been fundamental l Both for human beings and for the rest of the
vertebrate and invertebrate animals, since throughout history this has allowed us to go out
in search of water, food, shelter, and a partner. In addition, today we must thank
our system locomotive for allowing us to exercise dance smile sing chew
jump ski skate ride a bicycle run walk play an instrument and cook
but the important thing is to mention that the functions of the locomotor system result
from the sum of the parts that compose it, this is from the joint functions of the
system skeletal and muscular system the skeletal bone system, that is, the bones are
responsible for providing support for the other body structures and providing the
base for the insertion of the muscles for which they serve as levers to achieve
the different movements the muscles by their part are those who are responsible for producing
the movement but could not do it if they were not are connected to the bones to
allow movement with respect to each other or the whole body during locomotion
in conclusion without the bones the muscles would have nowhere to anchor and without the muscles the
bones would have no way to move against gravity without the brain In addition, no movement
would be possible since we have become familiar with the functions of this wonderful device. Let's see
how the musculoskeletal system works. It is actively controlled by our central nervous system,
specifically by its voluntary division. Our brain uses information
from some of our senses, such as the eyes. the ears and touch to understand that we want
or should move some part of our body or that we should move from one place to another
depending on the signals we receive from the environment brain orders travel from the
brain to the muscles through neurons in form of electrical
impulses these electrical impulses are transmitted to muscle cells in the form of chemical messengers
that tell the contractile filaments that they must move over each other to cut the
muscle or to relax it when a muscle contracts allows the displacement of one bone
over another and therefore the movement of a arm or leg, for example, or the jaw
, it is in this way that bones and muscles work together to carry out
normal functioning, but like any other body system, it can be harmed and suffer from diseases that can
result in malfunction and discomfort . In these, the most common problems
related to the musculoskeletal system are arthritis, which results from inflammation of
the joints, osteoporosis due to the loss of calcium from the bones and therefore
their weakening, and the body's poor ability to regenerate bone tissue in fact
people who suffer from this condition often have very weak bones and are more prone to
fractures muscle aches due to compressions poor posture and
movement are very common back pain and neck pain especially for people
who get little rest and are constantly stressed defects and conditions related
to overuse common for many athletes who do not let their muscles rest enough
or for those people who work daily with physical strength and who do not eat
properly, who do not drink enough water and who do not rest properly
, inflammatory, infectious, parasitic, viral diseases, cancers, among other fractures
and bruises, tendinitis sprains and strains among others well guys that's all
for today I hope you liked it if so don't delay in liking this video and subscribe
to our channel so you can continue enjoying our great programming see you soon
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