Antarctica | Learn Facts about Antarctica for Kids
Summary
TLDRDiscover Antarctica, the coldest continent on Earth, with its unique wildlife including penguins, seals, and krill. Learn about its status as the world's largest desert and the effects of its melting ice on sea levels. Explore the history of exploration, from James Cook to Roald Amundsen, and the Antarctic Treaty's commitment to peaceful scientific research and environmental protection.
Takeaways
- ❄️ Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, even colder than the North Pole.
- 🌍 It is located at the Earth's southernmost point, south of Australia, South America, and Africa.
- 🐧 Only a few animals can survive in Antarctica, such as penguins, seals, and krill.
- 🌿 About 98% of Antarctica is covered in ice, with very few plants growing on the continent.
- 🌈 In summer, the snow in parts of Antarctica turns red, green, gray, or yellow due to snow algae.
- 🏜️ Antarctica is the largest desert in the world, receiving very little precipitation.
- 🗻 Antarctica contains about 90% of the Earth's ice, which if melted would raise sea levels by over 200 feet.
- 🌡️ The coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica at -128.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
- 🌬️ Wind speeds in Antarctica can reach up to 200 miles per hour.
- 🔬 Many countries have research stations in Antarctica for scientific studies.
Q & A
Is Antarctica colder than the North Pole?
-Yes, Antarctica is much colder than the North Pole.
What percentage of Antarctica is not covered in ice?
-Only about 2 percent of Antarctica is not covered in ice.
What type of animals can survive the cold conditions in Antarctica?
-Animals that can survive in Antarctica include several types of penguins, leopard or Weddle seals, killer whales or orcas, fish, and krill.
What do the seals, whales, and penguins primarily eat in Antarctica?
-The seals, whales, and penguins primarily eat krill and fish.
Why are there so few plants in Antarctica?
-There are very few plants in Antarctica because the cold climate prevents most from growing, though moss, non-marine algae, fungi, and bacteria do grow there.
What causes the snow in parts of Antarctica to turn red, green, gray, or yellow in the summer?
-The snow turns these colors due to the presence of snow algae, an algae that can live in very cold temperatures.
Why is Antarctica considered the largest desert in the world?
-Antarctica is considered the largest desert because it gets very little rain each year, even though it's covered in snow and ice.
How much of the Earth's ice is contained in Antarctica?
-Antarctica contains about 90 percent of the ice on Earth.
What would happen if all the ice in Antarctica melted?
-If all the ice in Antarctica melted, sea levels throughout the world would rise by over 200 feet.
What is the coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth?
-The coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica at -128.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
Who was the first person to reach the South Pole?
-Roald Amundsen, a man from Norway, was the first person to reach the South Pole on December 14, 1911.
What is the Antarctic Treaty and what does it signify?
-The Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1961, states that Antarctica belongs to no single country and is to be used for peaceful purposes and scientific research. It also mandates that scientists share their research results with the countries that signed the treaty.
Outlines
🌐 Antarctica: The Coldest Continent
Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, located at the South Pole and almost entirely covered by ice. It's situated at the southernmost part of the Earth, south of Australia, South America, and Africa, and is approximately 10,000 miles away from New York. Despite its inhospitable climate, Antarctica hosts unique wildlife such as penguins, seals, and krill. The continent is also remarkable for its lack of permanent human residents and its minimal vegetation, with moss, algae, and fungi being the only organisms that can survive. During summer, parts of Antarctica's snow turn colors due to snow algae. Known as the world's largest desert, it's called a 'cold desert' because of its minimal precipitation. The continent's ice sheet is incredibly thick, with some areas reaching one to three miles in depth, and contains about 90% of the Earth's ice, which if melted, would significantly raise global sea levels. Antarctica experiences extreme cold, with the lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth occurring here, and can have winds reaching 200 miles per hour. The continent expands in size during winter due to the freezing of the surrounding ocean. There are research stations where scientists study the environment, and the history of exploration is highlighted by figures like Roald Amundsen, the first person to reach the South Pole.
🐧 Exploring Antarctica: Wildlife and History
This paragraph discusses the history of Antarctic exploration and the current activities on the continent. It mentions that tens of thousands of people visit Antarctica each year, with some for scientific research and others for vacation. Popular tourist destinations include Deception Island, known for its polar volcano and warm waters, and areas where Emperor Penguins can be observed. The Antarctic Ice Sheet, covering 98% of the continent, and the South Pole, with temperatures dropping to 120 degrees below zero, are also highlighted. The paragraph concludes with a series of true or false questions about Antarctica's climate, wildlife, and history, emphasizing the importance of the Antarctic Treaty signed in 1961. This treaty ensures that scientific findings are shared among signatory countries and promotes the peaceful use and environmental protection of Antarctica.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Antarctica
💡South Pole
💡Ice Sheet
💡Krill
💡Penguins
💡Seals
💡Orca
💡Snow Algae
💡Desert
💡Antarctic Treaty
💡Raoul Amundsen
Highlights
Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, colder than the North Pole.
Antarctica is located at the Earth's southernmost point and is almost entirely covered by ice.
The continent is situated at the bottom of the Earth, south of Australia, South America, and Africa.
Antarctica is approximately 10,000 miles away from New York.
It is the only continent without a permanent human population.
Some animals, like penguins, seals, and whales, can survive the harsh Antarctic conditions.
Krill, a small crustacean, is a primary food source for many Antarctic animals.
Only about 2% of Antarctica is not covered in ice, with very few plants growing there.
Antarctica's cold climate limits the number of living organisms.
In summer, snow in parts of Antarctica turns red, green, gray, or yellow due to snow algae.
Antarctica is the largest desert in the world, classified as a 'cold desert'.
It receives very little precipitation annually, yet is covered in ice due to the snow that never melts.
The ice sheet in Antarctica is up to three miles thick in some areas.
Antarctica contains about 90% of the world's ice, which if melted, would raise sea levels by over 200 feet.
The coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica at -128.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
Antarctica experiences winds up to 200 miles per hour, which can make it feel even colder.
In winter, the Southern Ocean freezes, effectively doubling the size of the continent.
Antarctica has two seasons: winter, which lasts from March to September, and summer.
Many countries have research stations in Antarctica for scientific studies.
Roald Amundsen was the first person to reach the South Pole on December 14, 1911.
Today, tens of thousands of people visit Antarctica each year, including tourists and scientists.
Deception Island is a popular tourist destination with a polar volcano and warm waters.
Emperor penguins are a notable species that roam freely in Antarctica.
The Antarctic Ice Sheet covers 98% of the continent and is a significant feature.
The South Pole has extreme temperatures that can reach -120 degrees Fahrenheit.
Antarctica is governed by the Antarctic Treaty, which promotes peaceful and shared scientific use.
Transcripts
[Music]
antarctica for kids
when you think of the coldest place on
the earth you might think of the north
pole but did you know that the south
pole is actually much colder than the
north pole
the south pole is where antarctica is
located
it's so cold there that this continent
is almost entirely covered by ice
burr
here are some interesting facts about
antarctica
antarctica is located at the bottom of
the earth or in the southern hemisphere
it is south of australia south america
and africa
and it is about 10 000 miles away from
new york
did you know that antarctica is the only
continent where no human lives
even though the population of humans
living in antarctica may be zero there
are some animals that live there
most animals could not survive the cold
conditions of the south pole
but there are a few that can
these include several types of penguin
leopard or weddle seals
killer whale or orca fish and krill
krill are small crustaceans like
shellfish or prawns the seals whales and
penguins eat the krill and fish
and the seals often become food for the
whales
only about 2 percent of antarctica is
not covered in ice so there are very few
plants that grow there
trees and shrubs don't grow there either
the cold climate is the reason there are
few living organisms in antarctica
however
moss non-marine algae and many fungi and
bacteria do grow there sometimes in the
summer the color of snow in parts of
antarctica turns red green
gray or yellow
this is caused by snow algae
snow algae is an algae that can live in
very cold temperatures
did you know that antarctica is the
largest desert in the world
isn't it amazing that a place covered in
snow and ice could be a desert
antarctica is called a cold desert
even though it's cold there it's still a
desert because it gets very little rain
each year
so if it rarely rains or snows then why
is there so much snow on the continent
it's because the snow never melts
and the little bit of snow that
antarctica gets yearly just continues to
pile up on top of the old snow
so antarctica is almost completely
covered by a layer of ice and snow
that has accumulated over millions of
years
in some areas that sheet of ice and snow
is between one to three miles thick
did you know that antarctica contains
about 90 percent of the ice on earth
and if all that ice suddenly melted the
sea levels throughout the world would
rise by over 200 feet
that's enough water to cover all the
coastal cities
but don't panic that's probably not
going to happen
and this is why
antarctica is very very cold
the coldest temperature ever recorded on
earth happened in antarctica
it was
128.6 degrees fahrenheit below zero
and sometimes the winds in antarctica
can reach up to 200 miles per hour
making it even colder
and in winter the colder temperatures
freeze the southern ocean that surrounds
antarctica which doubles the size of the
massive continent
though always cold there are still two
seasons in antarctica
winter and summer
winter begins in march and lasts through
the end of september in march the sun
sets and is not seen again until the
beginning of october
that means it's dark for 24 hours a day
for six months
lots of countries have science stations
on antarctica where researchers can
study it
but long before there were science
stations in antarctica there were
explorers who tried to reach the
continent
most failed in the 1700s an english
explorer named james cook became the
first person to cross the antarctic
circle
but he and his crew never reached land
it wasn't until december 14 1911 that a
man from norway named rauld amundsen
became the first person to reach the
south pole
today tens of thousands of people visit
antarctica yearly
some are scientists while others are
there for vacation
how would you like to take a vacation to
the coldest place on the earth
make sure you pack a heavy duty snow
suit
now that you know all about antarctica
do you think you'd like to visit
if you do here are some sights you might
see while there
deception island is a popular tourist
destination
it is home to a polar volcano which has
erupted several times
it is the reason the water is warm and
steamy surrounding the beaches in that
area
some tourists get lucky and even see a
few whales while there
emperor penguins freely roam the
continent in antarctica
the female penguin lays one egg a year
and then the male takes care of it until
it hatches
the antarctic ice sheet is one of the
two polar ice caps on earth
it is a thick layer of ice and snow that
covers 98
of the antarctic continent
the south pole is the tip of antarctica
temperatures here can reach 120 degrees
below zero
on the tip of the south pole you can
walk around the world
if you're dressed warm enough
let's see if you're ready to take an
expedition to antarctica by answering
these four questions
true or false antarctica is the coldest
place on earth
true what kind of animals live in
antarctica
several types of penguins
leopard and weddle seals
killer whales or orca fish and krill
what turns the snow pink and other
colors in summer in antarctica
snow algae
who discovered antarctica
roald
amundsen nice job antarctica expert
perhaps the coolest thing about
antarctica is that it belongs to
everyone and not just one single country
in fact in 1961 the antarctic treaty was
signed and it says that very thing
it states that scientists who carry out
experiments in antarctica must share
their results with the different
countries that sign the treaty it also
states that people who visit antarctica
should care for the environment and only
use the land for peaceful purposes
what a cool continent
hope you had fun learning with us visit
us at learnbright.org
for thousands of free resources and
turnkey solutions for teachers and
homeschoolers
[Music]
you
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