Understanding "-IE" Stem Changing Verbs in Spanish | The Language Tutor *Lesson 24*
Summary
TLDRIn this lesson from 'The Language Tutor,' the host introduces stem-changing verbs in Spanish, explaining how the stem of a verb alters when conjugated. The lesson covers key rules, such as how two-syllable verbs change in the first syllable, while three-syllable verbs change in the middle. The tutor demonstrates examples like 'perder' (to lose) and 'preferir' (to prefer), focusing on 'IE' stem changers. Viewers are encouraged to practice by identifying stem-changing verbs and using them in conversations to master their conjugations naturally.
Takeaways
- 📚 Stem-changing verbs in Spanish may sound complex, but they are easy to master with practice.
- 🔄 Every Spanish verb has a stem, and when conjugated, some verbs change their stem.
- 🧐 The easiest way to identify a stem-changing verb is to learn and practice it in conversation.
- ✍️ Two-syllable verbs change the stem in the first syllable, while three-syllable verbs change in the middle syllable.
- 👢 Stem changes occur only in the 'boot' – the three conjugations on the left side of the chart and the bottom right conjugation.
- 🤓 The verb 'perder' (to lose) is an example of a two-syllable stem-changing verb, changing from 'e' to 'ie' in the boot.
- 🔠 Stem-changing verbs like 'perder' follow a pattern where 'e' in the first syllable changes to 'ie'.
- 📝 For three-syllable verbs like 'preferir' (to prefer), the stem change happens in the middle syllable, again following the 'e' to 'ie' rule.
- 🤔 Nosotros and vosotros forms do not undergo stem changes in stem-changing verbs.
- 💡 Practice and repetition are key to mastering stem-changing verbs, and using them in conversation helps make them feel natural.
Q & A
What are stem-changing verbs in Spanish?
-Stem-changing verbs are verbs in Spanish whose stem changes when conjugated in certain forms, typically in the present tense.
How can you identify a stem-changing verb?
-The easiest way to identify a stem-changing verb is to learn it as a stem-changer when you first encounter the verb. Additionally, if the stem contains an 'e' or 'o' in certain positions, it is often a stem-changing verb.
What is a verb stem in Spanish?
-A verb stem is the base part of a verb, which remains after removing the verb endings like -ar, -er, or -ir. For example, in 'hablar,' the stem is 'habl-'.
Where does the stem change occur in a two-syllable verb?
-In a two-syllable verb, the stem change occurs in the first syllable.
What happens to the stem in a three-syllable verb?
-In a three-syllable verb, the stem change occurs in the middle syllable.
What does it mean when the tutor says stem-changing verbs change 'only in the boot'?
-In the 'boot,' refers to the shape formed by the verb conjugation chart. Stem changes occur in the first, second, and third person singular forms and the third person plural form but not in the first and second person plural forms.
What is an 'ie' stem change?
-An 'ie' stem change occurs when the letter 'e' in the stem changes to 'ie' in certain conjugations. For example, in the verb 'perder' (to lose), the stem changes from 'perd-' to 'pierd-' in forms like 'pierdo' (I lose).
Can you give an example of a two-syllable stem-changing verb?
-Yes, the verb 'perder' (to lose) is a two-syllable stem-changing verb. The stem changes from 'perd-' to 'pierd-' in conjugations like 'pierdo' (I lose).
What is an example of a three-syllable stem-changing verb?
-The verb 'preferir' (to prefer) is a three-syllable stem-changing verb. The stem changes in the middle syllable from 'prefer-' to 'prefier-' in forms like 'prefiero' (I prefer).
Why is it important to practice stem-changing verbs in conversation?
-Practicing stem-changing verbs in conversation helps you become familiar with the changes and ensures they sound natural to you, making it easier to remember the correct conjugations without memorization.
Outlines
📚 Understanding Stem-Changing Verbs in Spanish
The host introduces a lesson on stem-changing verbs in Spanish, explaining what they are and why they’re important. A verb’s stem is what remains after removing the endings like 'AR', 'ER', or 'IR'. Stem-changing verbs alter this stem during conjugation, often in predictable patterns. He emphasizes the importance of practice, suggesting that using these verbs frequently in conversation helps them feel natural. The easiest way to learn these verbs is by memorizing their changes and reinforcing them through usage.
🔍 Rules for Identifying and Conjugating Stem-Changing Verbs
The host details rules for stem-changing verbs: if a verb has two syllables, the change occurs in the first syllable; if three syllables, the change occurs in the middle syllable. Stem changes happen only within the 'boot' formation of conjugation charts—three forms on the left and the bottom right. Examples like 'perder' (to lose) and 'preferir' (to prefer) are used to illustrate these rules. He demonstrates how to conjugate these verbs, emphasizing that changes occur only within the boot, keeping other forms unchanged.
📝 Practice and Master Stem-Changing Verbs
The host encourages viewers to practice stem-changing verbs by looking up lists of 'IE' stem-changers. He advises learners to focus on using these verbs naturally in conversation, reinforcing their usage without memorization. The key is to learn the infinitive forms, understand where the changes occur, and repeatedly use them in speech. He ends the lesson with a call to action, urging viewers to engage in the learning process actively and seek out additional resources to deepen their understanding.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Stem-changing verbs
💡Stem
💡Conjugation
💡Two-syllable verbs
💡Three-syllable verbs
💡Boot (conjugation chart)
💡ER verbs
💡IE stem changers
💡Practice
💡Infinitive
Highlights
Introduction to stem-changing verbs and explanation that they are not difficult to learn.
Stem-changing verbs occur in verbs with AR, ER, or IR endings once these endings are removed.
The 'stem' of a verb is the part left after removing the AR, ER, or IR ending.
Stem-changing verbs alter their stems when conjugated, but the changes are predictable and manageable.
Rule 1: In two-syllable verbs, the stem change happens in the first syllable.
Rule 2: In three-syllable verbs, the stem change occurs in the middle syllable.
Rule 3: Stem changes only occur within the 'boot' of the conjugation chart, affecting the forms inside the boot but not 'nosotros' or 'vosotros'.
Example of a two-syllable stem-changing verb: 'perder' (to lose), which changes in the first syllable from 'e' to 'ie'.
In the 'yo' form of 'perder', the stem changes to 'pierdo' following the 'ie' rule.
In 'nosotros' and 'vosotros' forms, there is no stem change (e.g., 'perdemos').
Example of a three-syllable stem-changing verb: 'preferir' (to prefer), which changes in the middle syllable from 'e' to 'ie'.
In the 'yo' form of 'preferir', the verb changes to 'prefiero' following the 'ie' rule.
'IR' and 'ER' verbs follow the same endings in the boot, making the rules easier to remember.
Emphasis on practicing the verbs in conversation for natural usage rather than strict memorization.
Encouragement to look up and practice additional 'ie' stem-changing verbs to reinforce the lesson.
Transcripts
[Music]
hola amigos welcome back friends today
on the language tutor I have a really
interesting lesson for you it's actually
gonna be a two part lesson for you I
want to talk to you about stem-changing
verbs now you might say oh what's a
stem-changing verb it might sound a
little intimidating but let me tell you
it's not a big deal we're gonna master
the ease and Cockrum with no problem
whatsoever so first of all let's just
talk about what is a stem-changing verb
well first of all every verb has a stem
you know you think about in Spanish
you've got ar verbs and ER verbs and IR
verbs
well if you take off that AR and the ER
in the IR well you're left with either
one syllable or two syllables well
that's a stem that has a stem in there
and so sometimes in Spanish verbs change
their stem when we conjugate them
sometimes and you know it's not a big
deal so we're gonna take those today
we're gonna take the first ones I'm
gonna show you how stem changing verbs
work and I know you're gonna take it on
and master it with no problem okay so
how do you know if a verb is a
stem-changing verb just by looking at it
well I've heard a lot of people say a
lot of things and the easiest way is
that when you learn a verb just learn
this is a stem changer and more
importantly practice that verb in
conversation as much as possible because
then you're just going to be using that
verb and it's going to sound right to
you it'll sound right and if you don't
change that stem you won't sound right
to you it's just like in English we
speak it and if someone says something
wrong or wrong conjugation well it
doesn't sound right so you're not gonna
have any problem with this now you will
see some people say yeah there's a way
to know if a verb is a stem-changing
verb I've seen people that say well if
you take off that ER or
I are or the AR and then you start on
the left and you go to the very next
vowel and some people say if that is an
O or an e well it's going to be a stem
changer now I'm not sure that we can say
that a hundred percent is effective but
the easiest way again is to simply learn
the word and learn that it's a stem
changer and we could also talk about the
the history and how the verbs came from
Latin from the Romans
but once again practice woman you're not
even have a problem with it okay
now I hope you have your equality I
don't already and your Lappe so uluma
because I'm gonna give you some rules
for stem changing verbs okay so once we
identified this is a stem-changing verb
first of all if the verb has two
syllables
well that stem change is gonna occur in
the first syllable and you'll see what
I'm talking about in just a minute so
that's rule number one for stem changing
verbs if it's a two syllable verb the
stem change will occur in the first
syllable now think about this it
couldn't be in that last syllable right
because that's where the AR the ER are
the IR is and that's where we're gonna
put that ending that we you know we
learned those before in a previous
lesson so two syllables we change the
first syllable if it's a three syllable
verb we're gonna change the middle
syllable okay so that's rule number two
three syllable Bert verbs change the
middle syllable all right now rule
number three just jot this down and I'm
gonna explain it to you men in just a
minute
stem changing verbs only change their
stem in the boot only in the boot now in
a previous lesson we talked about what
the boot is if you're looking at the
chart it's the three conjugations on the
left in the bottom right that's the boot
it almost forms the shape of a boot
right okay so there are three
stem-changing verb rules number one if
it's a two syllable we change the stem
in the first syllable number two if it's
a three syllable verb we change the stem
in the middle
syllable all right I think now we just
need to talk about what some
stem-changing verbs are and actually see
this in context okay so I want to give
you a couple of stem-changing verbs
really quick I'm gonna give you a two
syllable and I want to give you a three
syllable first of all here's the verb
better dad better dad it means to lose
okay you can also mean to miss the bus
if you say pedal dad left loose that's
one way to say you missed the bus you
lose at the bus okay so here's a three
syllable stem-changing verb but they
fede it but they fede it so we have
better dad and playfully it both of
these are stem changers and we're gonna
use those as our examples today all
right let's take away but if ad it
really quick and let's look at the verb
better dad all right now let's think
about what we got to do with this verb
first of all better there is an ER verb
so in just a little bit we're gonna put
ER verb endings on it but first of all
we have to change the stem okay so let's
put the chart up right here for you bear
dad now let's identify where we're
changing this down better dad two
syllables so that means we're gonna
change the syllable in the first
syllable right rule number one in the
first syllable okay so what this means
is we got to look for the vowel that is
there okay we got to look for that vowel
and we see that in the first syllable of
fat of data that vowel is an e so I want
to go ahead and tell you if that vowel
is ever an E like this one it is going
to be what we call an IE stem changer
okay an IE stem changer in the next
lesson we're gonna talk about UE stem
changers but right now let's just use ie
stem changers as our example
okay we've identified we've stem change
in the first syllable we've identified
the vowel there it's an e so we know
that's going to be an IE stem changer
alright now this is what we do we have
our chart up we are going to simply
change that stem in the boot so the
three left conjugation
and the bottom right now we call this
this is really simple guys we call this
an IE stem changer because we need an IE
there it's that simple we need an IE now
let's look at the first syllable of fare
today we've got p/e Rd now if we need it
ie there we've already got 2 e so we
just simply have to insert an eye in the
boot only we don't stem change nosotros
and vosotros they don't change their
stem so what we get now let's look at
the yo form first p i.e
our d and now we put the ending on it
for ER verbs yo form is o so we have yet
a dog yet a dog that means I lose now
let's go down to the next one
cool again change that stem because it's
in the boot and we're gonna put the
ending for ER verbs for two and that's
es so we get the end of this now look at
the bottom left just an e on this stem
change it and we put the e on it the
ending for LA and instead so we have PA
today I know it's at the bottom right we
have p IE rd e in yeah then ok because
they lose or will stay this the other
then you all lose now let's go to the
nosotros and vosotros form we don't stem
change there we don't stem change so
we're just gonna leave it p ER d so
better demos and better days
alright now let's erase this and let's
try the verb but they fit here it means
to prefer as I bet you can guess now so
three syllable verb so let's think about
the rule that tells us where that stem
change is gonna occur and you're already
getting in our bet three syllables we're
gonna change the middle right after that
F so we're gonna it's an IE stem changer
so we're gonna insert an eye right after
that if only in the boot right so let's
look at the yo form here we've got but a
almost like prefer in English if you
take off the IR now we're gonna put that
eye in there now let's put on IR verb
endings this time so now we have but a
Fiero a Fiero alright let's go down to
the next one
remember what we talked about before IR
and ER verbs are the same they have the
same endings in the boot okay so we're
gonna use the same endings in the boot
just where we still change so you prefer
dual but a fee eres prefieres
now the LA I will stead form el or AI
usted prefiere a now look at the bottom
right we stem change right after that F
because it's in the middle syllable
there and we have ustedes or else my ass
but if en en now let's go to the
nosotros and vosotros form don't stem
change outside of the boot right so
we're simply just gonna put IR endings
on this but a fatty Mo's and play Feliz
okay friends now you see how ie stem
changers work now this is what I want to
encourage you to do before the next
lesson try to google or look up if you
have a verb book in Spanish look up some
ie stem changing verbs maybe you can
research that and try to learn as many
as you can
now all you need to do is learn that
infinitive form right just learn the
verb itself to prefer to lose and then I
want to challenge you to start using
those in conversation making those stem
changes and I promise you the more you
say it over and over the more it's gonna
sound right to you and you'll have those
stem changers down without any
memorization okay that's it for this
lesson guys thanks for joining us and I
will see you on the next lesson of the
language tutor Prince thanks for
watching the language tutor if you have
a question for me feel free to leave it
in the comments section below the video
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[Music]
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