Hasil Sidang PPKI I, II, dan III: Pembentukan Ketatanegaraan Indonesia | Part 1

Summary

This video discusses the formation of Indonesia's governmental structure in the early stages of independence, focusing on key events from August 1945. It covers the proclamation of independence, the pivotal role of PPKI, and its significant sessions. The first session on August 18 resulted in the election of Sukarno and Hatta as president and vice president, the adoption of the 1945 Constitution, and the establishment of the National Committee. The subsequent sessions led to the formation of eight provinces, ministries, and the Indonesian National Party (PNI), and the People's Security Agency (BKR).

Takeaways

• 📅 The proclamation of Indonesia’s independence on August 17, 1945, marked a significant change for the nation.
• 👨‍⚖️ At the time of the proclamation, Soekarno and Hatta were not yet President and Vice President but held positions as Chairman and Vice Chairman of PPKI.
• 📜 The PPKI held its first session after Indonesia's independence on August 18, 1945, resulting in important decisions for the formation of the Indonesian state.
• 👑 Soekarno and Hatta were unanimously elected as President and Vice President of Indonesia during the first PPKI session.
• 📜 The 1945 Constitution was ratified by the PPKI in its first session, having been previously drafted by BPUPKI.
• 🏛️ The National Committee of Indonesia (KNIP) was formed to assist the President and Vice President in their duties before the establishment of the DPR and MPR.
• 📍 The PPKI’s second session on August 19, 1945, resulted in the formation of eight provinces in Indonesia.
• 🗺️ The eight provinces formed were: Sumatra, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, Maluku, and the Lesser Sunda Islands.
• 👨‍🏫 Governors for each of the eight provinces were appointed, including notable figures like Teuku Muhammad Hasan and Samuel Ratulangi.
• 🏢 In its third session on August 22, 1945, the PPKI formed the Indonesian National Party (PNI), the People's Security Agency (BKR), and the National Committee of Indonesia (KNIP) to aid in national governance and security.

Q & A

What marked a significant change for Indonesia on August 17, 1945?

On August 17, 1945, Soekarno and Hatta proclaimed Indonesia's independence, marking the country's liberation from foreign colonization.

What were the roles of Soekarno and Hatta before they became president and vice president?

Before becoming president and vice president, Soekarno and Hatta held the positions of chairman and vice chairman of the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI).

When did the PPKI hold its first session, and what were its key outcomes?

The PPKI held its first session on August 18, 1945. The three key outcomes were the appointment of Soekarno as president and Hatta as vice president, the approval of the 1945 Constitution, and the formation of the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) to assist in governmental duties.

What was the significance of the PPKI's first decision to appoint Soekarno and Hatta as president and vice president?

The appointment of Soekarno and Hatta as president and vice president was widely accepted due to their recognition as prominent national figures, and the decision was made unanimously (acclamation) during the PPKI session.

What was the role of the 1945 Constitution as approved by the PPKI?

The 1945 Constitution served as the foundational legal document for the newly independent Indonesia. It was not drafted during the PPKI session but had already been formulated during BPUPKI meetings earlier in 1945.

How many provinces were established by Indonesia after independence, and what were their names?

Indonesia established eight provinces after independence: Sumatra, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Sunda Kecil).

Who were the first governors of these eight provinces?

The first governors were: Teuku Muhammad Hasan (Sumatra), Sutardjo Kartohadikusumo (West Java), Raden Panji Suroso (Central Java), RM Suryo (East Java), Gusti Pangeran Muhammad Noor (Kalimantan), Samuel Ratulangi (Sulawesi), Johannes Latuharhary (Maluku), and I Gusti Ketut Pudja (Sunda Kecil).

What key decisions were made during the second PPKI session on August 19, 1945?

During the second PPKI session, two important decisions were made: the establishment of eight provinces and the formation of twelve ministries and four ministers without portfolio (minister of state).

What were the three main outcomes of the third PPKI session on August 22, 1945?

The third PPKI session led to three significant outcomes: the establishment of the Indonesian National Party (PNI), the formation of the People's Security Agency (BKR), and the formal establishment of the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP).

Why was the BKR (People's Security Agency) formed instead of a military organization?

The BKR was formed as a security organization rather than a military force to avoid potential conflicts with the Japanese, who were still present in Indonesia at the time. The leaders wanted to prevent unnecessary clashes as Indonesia's independence was still in a sensitive stage.