Virginia Henderson - Nursing Theorist

Summary

Virginia Henderson, born in 1897, was a pioneering nurse and educator who redefined the role of nursing. After serving in WWI and obtaining her degrees from Columbia University, she introduced her concept of nursing, outlining 14 essential activities for patient care. Henderson's work emphasized three nursing roles: doing for, helping, and working with patients. Her teachings became the cornerstone of modern nursing practice, earning her the title 'Nightingale of Modern Nursing' and numerous accolades, including honorary degrees and a place in the American Nursing Association Hall of Fame.

Takeaways

• 📚 Virginia Henderson was born in 1897 into a family of scholars and educators in Kansas City, Missouri.
• 🏠 In 1901, her family moved to Virginia where she spent her childhood and was educated, including attending a boys' school managed by her grandfather.
• 🎓 Driven by patriotism and admiration for Florence Nightingale, Henderson enrolled in the Army School of Nursing in Washington DC in 1918.
• 🏥 After receiving her nursing diploma, she worked at various hospitals, including caring for wounded soldiers at Walter Reed Hospital during WW1.
• 📈 She pursued higher education, earning a Bachelor's and Master's degree in nursing education from Columbia University, New York City.
• 📖 Henderson revised Bertha Harber's textbook, which was widely adopted in nursing education, and later published her own influential book, 'The Nature of Nursing'.
• 🔍 As a researcher and educator, she redefined the role of a nurse, outlining 14 specific activities essential for providing excellent care.
• 👩‍⚕️ Henderson described three types of nursing roles: doing for the patient, helping the patient, and working with the patient, each with different levels of patient involvement.
• 🏅 Her teachings became the standard for nursing practice, earning her the title 'Nightingale of Modern Nursing', 13 honorary degrees, and induction into the American Nursing Association Hall of Fame.
• 🕊 Virginia Henderson passed away on March 19, 1996, at the age of 98, leaving a lasting legacy that shaped modern nursing.

Q & A

In which year was Virginia Henderson born?

Virginia Henderson was born in 1897.

Why did Virginia Henderson enroll in the Army School of Nursing?

She enrolled due to patriotism and an admiration for figures like Florence Nightingale.

At which hospital did Henderson work after receiving her nursing diploma?

She worked at a variety of hospitals after her diploma from the Army School of Nursing.

What degree did Virginia Henderson receive from Columbia University in 1931?

She received her Bachelors of Science in 1931.

How did Virginia Henderson contribute to nursing education at Columbia University?

She revised Bertha Harbor's textbook, 'Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing,' which was widely adopted by nursing education programs.

What is the title of the book Virginia Henderson published that expressed her concept of nursing?

The title of the book is 'The Nature of Nursing.'

According to Virginia Henderson, how many specific activities does a nurse need to perform to provide excellent care?

A nurse has 14 specific activities that need to be performed to provide excellent care.

What are the three different types of roles a nurse performs according to Henderson?

The three roles are: doing for the patient, helping the patient, and working with the patient.

How did Virginia Henderson's teachings impact the nursing profession?

Her teachings became widely adopted as standard nursing practice and many referred to her as the Nightingale of modern nursing.

What honors did Virginia Henderson receive during her lifetime?

She received 13 honorary degrees, was inducted into the American Nursing Association Hall of Fame, and had a library named after her.

When did Virginia Henderson pass away?

Virginia Henderson died on March 19, 1996.

Outlines

00:00

👩‍⚕️ Life and Contributions of Virginia Henderson

Virginia Henderson, born in 1897, was part of a scholarly family and moved to Virginia as a child. Inspired by Florence Nightingale, she joined the Army School of Nursing in Washington DC during WWI. After receiving her nursing diploma, she worked in various hospitals and pursued higher education at Columbia University, where she revised Bertha Harber's textbook and developed her own nursing philosophy. Henderson's work redefined nursing roles, emphasizing 14 specific activities for patient care, and introduced three nursing roles: doing for the patient, helping the patient, and working with the patient. Her teachings became standard nursing practice, and she is often referred to as the Nightingale of modern nursing.

05:01

🏆 Legacy and Recognition of Virginia Henderson

Virginia Henderson received numerous accolades for her work, including 13 honorary degrees and induction into the American Nursing Association Hall of Fame. A library was also named in her honor. She passed away in 1996 at the age of 98, leaving behind a legacy that significantly impacted the nursing profession. Henderson's contributions led the way to modern nursing, redefining the role and duties of nurses and ensuring her place as a pioneer in the field.

Keywords

💡Virginia Henderson

Virginia Henderson was a pioneering nurse and educator who is often referred to as the 'Nightingale of modern nursing.' She was born into a family of scholars and educators and went on to redefine the role of a nurse through her work and publications. Her influence is evident throughout the script, as she is credited with establishing the foundational principles of nursing practice.

💡Nursing Diploma

A nursing diploma is a certification that signifies the completion of a nursing program. In the script, Virginia Henderson received her nursing diploma after a two-year program at Walter Reed Hospital, where she cared for wounded World War 1 soldiers. This diploma was a stepping stone in her career and is an important credential in the nursing profession.

💡Columbia University

Columbia University is an Ivy League institution in New York City where Virginia Henderson furthered her education. The script mentions that she received her Bachelors of Science and completed a master's program in nursing education at Columbia, which played a significant role in shaping her career and contributions to the field of nursing.

💡Principles and Practice of Nursing

This refers to a textbook that Virginia Henderson revised during her time at Columbia University. The textbook, originally authored by Bertha Harber, was widely adopted by nursing education programs and helped to standardize nursing education. Henderson's revisions were instrumental in updating the principles and practices of nursing.

💡The Nature of Nursing

This is a book published by Virginia Henderson where she articulated her concept of nursing. The script highlights that in this book, she outlined 14 specific activities that nurses need to perform to provide excellent care. This publication was pivotal in defining the scope and responsibilities of nursing.

💡14 Specific Activities

Virginia Henderson identified 14 specific activities that nurses perform to provide care, as mentioned in her book 'The Nature of Nursing.' These activities range from maintaining normal breathing to providing learning, discovery, and healing. The script emphasizes these activities as the core of nursing practice and Henderson's lasting impact on the profession.

💡Roles of a Nurse

The script outlines three different types of roles a nurse can perform: doing for the patient, helping the patient, and working with the patient. These roles illustrate the dynamic nature of nursing, where nurses may act as caregivers, supporters, or educators depending on the patient's needs. Henderson's model of nursing roles has become a fundamental concept in nursing practice.

💡American Nursing Association Hall of Fame

The American Nursing Association Hall of Fame is an honorific institution that recognizes individuals who have made significant contributions to the field of nursing. Virginia Henderson was inducted into this hall of fame, as mentioned in the script, which is a testament to her enduring legacy and influence on nursing.

💡Honorary Degrees

Honorary degrees are academic awards given in recognition of a person's contributions to a particular field or to society at large. The script notes that Virginia Henderson received 13 honorary degrees, which underscores the respect and recognition she garnered for her work in nursing.

💡Modern Nursing

Modern nursing refers to the current practices, roles, and standards in the nursing profession. The script discusses how Virginia Henderson's teachings became widely adopted as standard nursing practice, indicating her significant role in shaping what we understand as modern nursing today.

💡Nightingale of Modern Nursing

This title, given to Virginia Henderson, likens her to Florence Nightingale, who is known as the founder of modern nursing. The script uses this title to emphasize Henderson's transformative impact on the nursing profession, just as Nightingale did in the past.

Highlights

Virginia Henderson was born into a family of scholars and educators in Kansas City, Missouri in 1897.

Her family moved to Virginia, where she spent her childhood and attended a boys school managed by her grandfather.

In 1918, Henderson enrolled in the Army School of Nursing in Washington DC, inspired by patriotism and figures like Florence Nightingale.

After a two-year program at Walter Reed Hospital, caring for WW1 soldiers, Henderson received her nursing diploma.

She worked at various hospitals before returning to education at Columbia University in New York City.

In 1931, Henderson received her Bachelors of Science and immediately completed a master's program in nursing education.

Henderson revised Bertha Harlow's textbook, which was widely adopted by nursing education programs.

She worked as an instructor at Columbia University and later took a position at Yale in New Haven, Connecticut.

Virginia Henderson redefined the role of a nurse and published 'The Nature of Nursing', outlining her concept of nursing.

Henderson identified 14 specific nursing activities essential for providing excellent care.

These activities include maintaining normal breathing, adequate eating and drinking, and elimination of bodily wastes.

Nurses also help with sleep, rest, dressing, body temperature, cleanliness, safety, communication, and spiritual support.

Henderson described three types of nursing roles: doing for the patient, helping the patient, and working with the patient.

In the 'doing for' role, nurses perform activities the patient cannot do themselves.

In the 'helping' role, nurses assist with activities the patient cannot complete independently.

In the 'working with' role, nurses act as teachers, guiding patients to perform activities themselves.

Henderson's teachings became the standard nursing practice and earned her the title 'Nightingale of modern nursing'.

She received 13 honorary degrees and was inducted into the American Nursing Association Hall of Fame.

A library was named after her, and Henderson passed away on March 19, 1996, at the age of 98.

Virginia Henderson is remembered for leading the way to modern nursing and redefining its role and duties.

Transcripts

Virginia Henderson was born into a large

family of scholars and educators in

Kansas City Missouri in 1897 in 1901 her

family moved to the state of Virginia or

she spent the rest of her childhood

years and attended a boys school managed

by her grandfather in 1918 spurred by

patriotism and an admiration for figures

like Florence Nightingale Henderson

enrolled in the Army School of Nursing

situated in Washington DC

after a two-year program at Walter Reed

Hospital caring for wounded World War 1

soldiers Henderson received her nursing

diploma

she worked at a variety of hospitals and

eventually returned to education at

Columbia University in New York City in

1931 she received her Bachelors of

Science and directly after that

completed a master's program in nursing

education during her time at Columbia

University she revised Bertha harbors

textbook of the principles and practice

of Nursing that was widely adopted by

nursing education programs

Henderson worked as an instructor at

Columbia University later taking

position at Yale and New Haven

Connecticut he or she acted as a

researcher over the years as an educator

and researcher Virginia Henderson

redefined the role of a nurse and

published her own book titled the nature

of Nursing in which she expressed what

she called her concept of Nursing

Henderson claimed that a nurse has 14

specific activities that need to be

performed in order to provide excellent

care those activities are maintaining

normal breathing maintaining adequate

eating and drinking the elimination of

bodily wastes maintaining desirable

posture and position of the patient

helping them get sleep and rest picking

out clothes dressing and undressing

maintaining body temperature within

normal range keeping the body clean and

well-groomed maintaining a safe

environment in preventing injury to the

patient and others helping the patient

communicate with others or shipping

according to one's faith helping them

accomplish work tasks playing or

providing forms of recreation and using

resources to provide learning discovery

and healing

as we can see these are all nursing

activities that a modern-day nurse

performs in one way or another Henderson

went on to explain that the nurse

performs these activities within three

different types of roles the first one

being doing for the patient in this role

the nurse performs all aspects of the

activity in a modern-day setting we

could see a nurse performing oral care

on a conscious or unconscious patient

one who doesn't have the strength or the

capability to do it themselves the next

role that Henderson describes is that of

helping the patient in this role the

nurse performs only that which the

patient cannot in today's setting we may

see a patient trying to dress and

undress they may be able to perform part

of the activity but not complete the

activity by themselves this would be a

case of the nurse helping the patient

the third role that Henderson describes

is that of working with the patient

in this role the nurse plays more of a

teacher the patient actually performs

the activity themselves in a modern-day

situation and nurse maybe teaching the

patient how to take medication or clean

a wound and the patient actually

performs the activity themselves this

would be working with the patient

according to Henderson Virginia

Henderson's teachings became widely

adopted as standard nursing practice

many went on to call her the Nightingale

of modern nursing she received 13

honorary degrees she was inducted into

the American Nursing Association Hall of

Fame and had a library named after her

Virginia Avenel Henderson died on March

19 1996 at the age of 98

she redefined the role and duties of the

nurse and will be remembered as the one

who led the way to modern Nursing