Lecture 4

Summary

This lecture delves into collaborative environmental planning for sustainability, highlighting the importance of integrating social, intellectual, and political capital. It discusses the evolution to the fourth generation of collaborative planning, which emphasizes collaborative learning through networks and communities of practice and place. Key characteristics include joint fact-finding, consensus-building, interactive community design, and continuous communication. The lecture also touches on the use of technology for open-source collaboration and the concept of adaptive collaborative management. Successful outcomes of this approach are expected to build social capital and involve shared authority, extensive engagement, and a holistic understanding of problems.

Takeaways

• 📚 Collaborative environmental planning is an approach that integrates social, intellectual, and political capital within a community.
• 🤝 Social capital involves mutual trust, shared vision, and voluntary cooperation among community members and stakeholders.
• 🧠 Intellectual capital refers to the collective understanding of how the world works, shared among community members.
• 🏛️ Political capital is the community's power to influence government actions, particularly in land use and development.
• 📈 The fourth generation of collaborative planning emphasizes collaborative learning, organized around networks of communities of practice and place.
• 🔍 Joint fact-finding, consensus-building, interactive community design, and continuous communication are key characteristics of successful collaborative learning.
• 🌐 The extensive use of electronic networks and open-source information is a hallmark of modern collaborative planning.
• 🌱 Adaptive collaborative management involves communities of place actively implementing, managing, and monitoring projects through partnerships.
• 🤝 Shared authority, extensive engagement, and sound scientific information are essential requirements for collaborative planning and decision-making.
• 💡 Successful collaboration leads to outcomes like knowledge diffusion, joint problem definition, resource mobilization, and shared responsibility.
• 🔧 Key tools for collaborative planning include workshops, focus groups, scenario building, and design charrettes.

Q & A

What is the definition of collaborative environmental planning?

Collaborative environmental planning is a process that integrates three forms of community capital: social, intellectual, and political. It involves participants and stakeholders working together to solve environmental and planning issues through mutual trust, knowledge sharing, and cooperative effort.

What are the three characteristics of social capital in collaborative environmental planning?

The three characteristics of social capital are: 1) participants are bound by a common sense of community with a shared vision, 2) they are voluntarily and willfully engaged in a cooperative effort to solve problems, and 3) social capital is enabled, maintained, and strengthened by the involvement of social and environmental interest groups.

How is intellectual capital defined in the context of collaborative planning?

Intellectual capital in collaborative planning is considered as the shared knowledge of reality, which includes understanding how the world works and the collective wisdom that guides decision-making and action within the community.

What is political capital and its role in collaborative environmental planning?

Political capital refers to the influence and power to act, which is crucial for a community to influence governmental actions related to land use and development. It is the collective ability of a community to shape policy and actions through both formal and informal means.

What is the fourth generation of collaborative planning, and how does it differ from previous generations?

The fourth generation of collaborative planning is characterized by collaborative learning, which is organized around learning networks across communities of practice and place. It emphasizes joint fact-finding, consensus-building, interactive community design, and continuous communication, including the use of electronic networks and open-source information.

What does it mean to seek consensus rather than compromise in collaborative planning?

Seeking consensus in collaborative planning means striving for a collective agreement on policies or actions that all parties can support, rather than settling for a compromise that might leave some parties feeling like winners or losers. It aims to create a sense of shared ownership and commitment to the outcome.

How does interactive community design work in the context of the fourth generation of collaborative planning?

Interactive community design in the fourth generation of collaborative planning involves professionals and laypersons working together in a respectful and reciprocal manner. They exchange ideas and inputs to inform their opinions and create community designs that reflect a combination of expert knowledge and community values.

What is the significance of continuous and ongoing communication in collaborative environmental planning?

Continuous and ongoing communication is essential for maintaining engagement and coordination among all stakeholders. It includes the use of electronic networks and social media for asynchronous communication, which allows for the timely exchange of information and ideas, fostering a more inclusive and dynamic planning process.

What are the key outcomes expected from successful collaborative planning?

Expected outcomes from successful collaborative planning include the widespread sharing and diffusion of knowledge, joint problem definition and addressing, mobilization of resources, shared responsibility for success, and the strengthening of social capital within the community.

What are some of the key tools for collaborative planning mentioned in the script?

Key tools for collaborative planning include workshops for open-ended discussions, focus groups for targeted issue discussions, scenario building to evaluate external drivers and community responses, and design charrettes where experts and citizens collaborate on land use designs.

Outlines

00:00

🌿 Understanding Collaborative Environmental Planning

The first paragraph introduces the concept of collaborative environmental planning, emphasizing its requirement for integrating three forms of community capital: social, intellectual, and political. Social capital involves mutual trust and knowledge within a community, activated through formal and informal interactions. Intellectual capital refers to the shared knowledge of how the world works, while political capital is the collective influence to enact change. The paragraph also discusses the evolution of collaborative planning, culminating in the fourth generation which is based on collaborative learning through networks of communities of practice and place. This generation focuses on joint fact-finding, consensus-building, interactive community design, and continuous communication, including the use of electronic networks and open-source information.

05:03

🤝 Characteristics and Tools of Collaborative Planning

Paragraph two delves into the characteristics of the fourth generation of collaborative planning, including adaptive collaborative management where communities of place actively implement, manage, and monitor projects through partnerships. It highlights the importance of shared authority, extensive engagement, scientific information, holistic understanding, and adaptivity. The paragraph also outlines the expected outcomes of successful collaboration, such as the spread of knowledge, joint problem definition, mobilization of resources, shared responsibility, and the strengthening of social capital. Additionally, it mentions key tools for collaborative planning, such as workshops, focus groups, scenario building, and design charrettes, which facilitate open discussion, creative brainstorming, and the integration of expert and citizen perspectives.

10:03

🛠 Key Tools and Techniques in Collaborative Planning

The third paragraph focuses on the practical tools and techniques used in collaborative planning. It discusses the use of workshops for open-ended discussions and brainstorming, focus groups for in-depth issue exploration, scenario building to evaluate external drivers and community responses, and design charrettes where experts and citizens collaborate on land use designs. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing the importance of these methods in achieving successful collaboration and community development.

Keywords

💡Collaborative Environmental Planning

Collaborative Environmental Planning refers to a process that involves multiple stakeholders in making decisions about the use and development of land. It is highlighted in the script as requiring the integration of different forms of community capital to achieve sustainable outcomes. The video emphasizes that this planning is not just top-down but involves community members, which is crucial for creating effective and sustainable environmental policies.

💡Community Capital

Community Capital in the script is described as encompassing three forms: social, intellectual, and political capital. It is the collective resources within a community that can be mobilized to address environmental issues. The video explains that social capital involves mutual trust and knowledge, intellectual capital is the shared understanding of reality, and political capital is the influence and power to act. These forms of capital are essential for collaborative environmental planning as they facilitate cooperation and problem-solving among community members.

💡Social Capital

Social Capital is defined in the script as a community's stock of mutual trust and knowledge that is activated through networks of formal and informal interactions. It is characterized by a shared vision, voluntary engagement, and the involvement of social and environmental interests. The video uses the concept to illustrate how communities can work together effectively, with examples such as participants being bound by a common sense of community and working cooperatively to solve problems.

💡Intellectual Capital

Intellectual Capital, as mentioned in the script, represents the shared knowledge within a community about how the world works. It is the collective understanding that enables communities to make informed decisions. The video relates this concept to the need for a shared reality among community members to effectively engage in collaborative planning and learning for sustainability.

💡Political Capital

Political Capital is described as the influence and power to act, which is essential for a community to influence government policies and actions related to land use and development. The video emphasizes that without the ability to act and influence, a community's voice may not be heard in decision-making processes, making political capital a critical component of collaborative environmental planning.

💡Collaborative Learning

Collaborative Learning is portrayed in the script as a key aspect of the fourth generation of collaborative planning. It involves organized and self-organized learning networks across communities of practice and place. The video explains that this form of learning is crucial for sustainability as it fosters joint fact-finding, consensus-building, and interactive community design, which are all necessary for effective environmental planning.

💡Consensus vs. Compromise

The script distinguishes between consensus and compromise in the context of collaborative planning. Consensus is sought after as it implies agreement without a sense of loss or creating winners and losers, unlike compromise. The video stresses that the goal is to find a solution that all parties can agree upon, which is more likely to lead to successful and sustainable outcomes.

💡Interactive Community Design

Interactive Community Design is mentioned as a process where professionals and laypersons engage in respectful interaction to inform opinions and create community designs that combine different perspectives and values. The video uses this term to illustrate how collaborative planning involves not just experts but also the community members in shaping the environment.

💡Ongoing Communication

Ongoing Communication is highlighted in the script as a necessity for successful collaborative planning. It includes both electronic networks and social media, which facilitate asynchronous communication. The video explains that continuous communication is vital for keeping all stakeholders informed and engaged in the planning process, which is a hallmark of the fourth generation of collaborative planning.

💡Adaptive Collaborative Management

Adaptive Collaborative Management is described as a characteristic of the fourth generation of collaborative planning where communities of place are actively involved in implementing, managing, and monitoring projects. The video emphasizes that this hands-on approach is essential for accomplishing sustainable development, as it involves formal and informal partnerships and cooperatives working together.

💡Shared Authority

Shared Authority is mentioned as a requirement for collaborative planning and decision-making. It implies that there is no single authority figure but rather a collective effort where everyone is involved as equals. The video explains that this approach fosters a sense of collective responsibility and ownership, which is crucial for the success of collaborative environmental planning initiatives.

Highlights

Collaborative environmental planning integrates three forms of community capital: social, intellectual, and political.

Social capital is defined by mutual trust, knowledge, and shared vision within a community.

Intellectual capital refers to the shared understanding of how the world works.

Political capital is the collective influence and power to act within a community.

The fourth generation of collaborative planning is based on collaborative learning.

Collaborative learning involves joint fact-finding and consensus-building.

Interactive community design engages professionals and laypersons in a respectful interaction.

Continuous communication is key, including the use of electronic networks and social media.

Open and crowdsourcing are utilized to generate support for collaborative efforts.

Adaptive collaborative management is characterized by communities of place actively implementing and managing projects.

Shared authority is a requirement for collaborative planning and decision-making.

A holistic understanding of problems and a proactive approach are emphasized.

Collaborative planning encourages adaptivity and creativity.

Successful collaboration leads to outcomes crucial for sustainable development and environmental planning.

Key tools for collaborative planning include workshops, focus groups, scenario building, and design charrettes.

Workshops facilitate open-ended discussions for community brainstorming.

Focus groups target specific issues for detailed discussion and problem-solving.

Scenario building evaluates responses to external drivers based on community capacities.

Design charrettes bring experts and citizens together for collaborative land use planning.

Transcripts

hello this is lecture four and it

corresponds to chapter 4 of the textbook

collaborative environmental planning and

learning for sustainability what we mean

by collaborative environmental planning

I think we already have a sense for that

bullets let's discuss it in a little

more detail here collaborative

environmental planning requires

integration of three forms of community

capital the first form of community

capital is social capital which can be

defined as a community stock of mutual

trust and knowledge built and activated

through networks of formal that is

institutionalized and informal or

personalized interactions among

participants and stakeholders it

generally can be considered to have

three characteristics first these

participants are bound by a common sense

of community that is they have a shared

vision of community secondly it they're

engaged in voluntarily and willfully and

deliberately engaged in a cooperative

effort to help solve one another's

problems and third is such social

capital is enabled maintained and

strengthened by the involvement of

social and environmental interest and

gos second type of capital is

intellectual capital and intellectual

capital really can be thought of as the

shared shared knowledge of reality how

does the world work and thirdly there's

political capital which is really the

influence and power to act that is

without the ability to act and the

ability to influence actions

there's an organization has no world

political capital so a community's

political capital is its collective

ability to influence the actions that

government typically essentially

government take in terms of policy and

actions in relation to land use and land

development

in the book they talk about the fourth

generation of collaborative planning and

they provide a nice table there that

shows this trajectory and that this

fourth generation is the culmination of

these many years of evolution

so how would this be how what is this

fourth generation of collaborative

planning personal it it's based on this

like this collaborative learning okay

that is tuna is organized and self

organized around learning networks

across communities of practice that

would be professional or technical not

necessarily spatially based you know

this would be associations of architects

or even interests of both individuals as

a little group organized to advance this

area of interest or professional

competence that they have and then

communities of place which are cities

neighborhood subdivision so combines

these two types of communities these are

this collaborative learning to be

successful can be characterized as

consisting of joint fact finding that is

we all look together for the facts we

don't just have one someone from outside

our community buying the facts I tell

the tell us about them now we as a

community engage together in a

fact-finding effort secondly we are

looking for consensus not compromise

compromise produces the sense of loss

produces a sense of winner and loser

know what we're looking for is consensus

how can we find agreement about policy

about any sort of action that we want to

take thirdly it involves interactive

community design where professionals

become engaged with laypersons

in a respective respectful interaction

and we take the input from from each to

inform our opinions

and so that we can really create a

community that that combines these two

perspectives and values and then

fourthly it involves extensive and

continuous ongoing communication and

this obviously includes electronic

networks that is social media this is

known as asynchronous communication by

that you know I can send you an email at

any time and you can look at it at any

time

it's not it's not synchronized in terms

of our involvement and that's an

important characteristic of this new

type of collaborative planning and then

secondly there's this you know we

utilize open and crowdsourcing open

source there's a lot of stuff that's

being written and posted online it's

available to everyone to read and then

there are these other opportunities to

get generate support for different

efforts and so that's a extensive use of

these two types of opportunities that

are presented by the Internet

the other another characteristic of this

fourth generation is to be Kari defined

as adaptive collaborative management in

other words these are communities of

place that are involved in in action

they they're implementing they're

managing and they're monitoring projects

and this is all done through formal and

informal partnerships and cooperatives

it's a little bit of a concept there but

you know where again it's not just well

let's decide what we're going to do now

what what the city do it or whoever we

decide what to do we then do it and then

we see if it's working or not it's a

very kind of hands-on approach to food

you know cheap accomplishing sustainable

development in a community or in a

neighborhood

some of the requirements of

collaborative planning and

decision-making one requirement is that

there be a sense of shared Authority

there's no one in chart we're all doing

this together as equals 10

this relationship is developed early and

we engaged in each other's we think

engage in this effort extensively that

is everyone is involved extensively

everyone is engaged through it it's

based on strong and sound scientific

information on analysis and this is one

of the key roles of planners play to

give the type of information that's

needed to make informed decisions about

what with what we need to give thirdly

it involves a holistic understanding of

problems and a proactive rather than a

reactive approach and by holistic we

mean we're getting back into the 3e sort

of thing there what are the economic

ramifications the environmentally social

equity ramifications of a problem and

and let's approach it in a way that

prevents damage prevents dysfunction and

then forth

again this is sort of this isn't it that

I do the dapped of management but but

adaptivity is embraced and this this

encourages creativity it involves a

willingness to learn from others and to

you know kind of look at that creativity

as an opportunity to go in a new and

better way new and better direction

so if you have a successful

collaborative approach you can expect

certain outcomes these are crucial to

sustainable development and

environmental planning one expected

outcome would be that knowledge is

spread and shared it's you know it

becomes widely it becomes diffused more

widely and accepted more widely

another outcome is that problems are

defined as they are addressed jointly

it's not just one agency doing it or one

person doing it or 180 au doing it we

were working together in different ways

but there's still a relationship to all

of the problems that have been defined

and identified importantly resources are

actually mobilized it isn't just here's

what we want to do gee maybe we'll get

it done yeah intrinsic to this is here's

how we're going to do it and these

resources of how to do are actually

organized and put into play fourthly the

responsibility for success is

acknowledged to be mine as well as yours

we all we all are responsible we all can

be blamed

we all can feel responsible with the

fault you'll blame if it doesn't succeed

and we all we all can gain take credit

and feel good about the fact that we've

succeeded

so it's ownership I guess basically what

what if it will have an outcome of

successful collaboration and then

successful collaboration has the invitin

inevitable consequence of building

social capital strengthening social

capital you can see it for that would be

okay some of the key tools for

collaborative planning this is rather

mundane but these are things that

planners do things the planners can use

methods of organizing the process but

one very effective approach are known as

workshops where you have this kind of

open-ended approach we want to

creatively brainstorm and discuss what

it all means in terms of where our

community is likely to be and how one

can make our community better

another technique let's call them or

tool or focus groups where the planner

let's say if there were 50 or she's

running it would identify specific

issues that we want to discuss or

problem and what can be done about those

another approach which you've discussed

in the previous lecture is scenario

building where we identify external

drivers that is things outside the

community that are driving our

development and evaluating possible

responses based on our internal

capacities as a community and finally

another common approach to collaborative

are designed charettes

where the experts and citizens will be

literally put in the same room to look

at designs to consider design about how

land is the our specific land could be

used and developed so that it you know

meets the concerns of citizens and

citizens or experts are then able to

take those concerns and translate them

in specific design characteristic and

that ends this audio lecture