¿PAR o POTENCIA? - Guía básica de Motores

Summary

The script provides an in-depth explanation of torque, power, and power curves for different engine types like gasoline, diesel, turbocharged, electric, etc. It analyzes concepts like maximum torque, maximum power, and discusses which one, torque or power, actually moves a car. The video also shows the components and working of various engines, compares naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines, explains pros and cons of diesel and gasoline engines, and provides recommendations on buying a new car.

Takeaways

• 😊 The torque is the rotational force that allows to unscrew a bolt. It is measured in Newton-meters.
• 💡 Power is the speed at which energy is transmitted. More power means more energy consumption per unit of time.
• 🔧 A turbocharger compresses the intake air so more air (and fuel) enters the engine, increasing its power.
• 🚗 What moves a car is power, not torque. More power means more acceleration.
• 📈 Diesel engines have higher torque at low rpm than gasoline engines due to higher compression ratio.
• 🛢️ Gasoline engines are lighter than diesel, so they can reach higher rpm and power.
• ⏱️ Turbo lag is the delay for the turbo to spool up and provide boost to the engine.
• ⚡ Electric motors provide constant power regardless of rpm, so they have huge initial torque.
• 🤔 Today, electric cars have disadvantages like high price, limited range and long charging times.
• 🏎️ Hybrid engines combine gasoline and electric to be efficient both in cities and on highways.

Q & A

What are the main concepts discussed in relation to engines in the video?

The main concepts discussed are torque, power, torque and power curves, and how different types of engines like gasoline, diesel, turbocharged, atmospheric, and electric engines work.

How is torque defined and what units is it measured in?

Torque is defined as a twisting or rotating force. It is measured in Newton-meters (N-m) which are the newtons of force multiplied by the distance from the axis of rotation.

What is the relationship between torque and power?

Power is torque multiplied by angular velocity. So higher torque at higher rpm results in more power.

Why do turbocharged engines have more torque than naturally aspirated engines?

Turbocharged engines compress more air into the combustion chamber, allowing more fuel to be burnt, which creates greater cylinder pressure and torque.

What causes turbo lag in engines?

Turbo lag happens because at low rpm, the turbocharger is spinning slowly and not compressing much air. As rpm increases, the turbo speeds up and provides more boost.

What are the advantages of gasoline engines compared to diesel engines?

Gasoline engines are lighter, rev higher, have lower emissions, and do not require diesel emission control systems. They also do not have issues with turbo lag.

Why do electric cars have high initial torque?

Electric motors provide maximum torque from zero rpm. Their torque curve is flat because power is independent of motor speed.

What is engine displacement and how is it related to power?

Engine displacement is the total volume of all the engine cylinders. Larger displacement generally means the engine can burn more fuel and air to produce more power.

What is the difference between a turbocharger and a supercharger?

A turbocharger uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine that compresses intake air. A supercharger is mechanically driven by the engine to compress air.

What are the pros and cons of electric vs hybrid cars?

Electric cars have no emissions but limited range. Hybrids are more efficient for city driving but less so on highways. Hybrids offer more flexibility.