Rizal's Annotation of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
Summary
TLDRIn this video, Sir Rafi explores Chapter 6, discussing Antonio de Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas,' a 1605 publication detailing the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. The video compares Rizal's annotations on Morga's work, highlighting their differing views on Filipino culture and history. Rizal's research aimed to correct historical distortions and demonstrate the sophistication of pre-colonial Philippine society, challenging Spanish misconceptions and advocating for a more objective understanding of the nation's past.
Takeaways
- 📚 The book 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' by Antonio de Morga provides a detailed account of the historical events during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines.
- 🔍 Jose Rizal's 'Annotation of Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' critically examines Morga's work, aiming to correct historical distortions and biases.
- 🌟 Rizal's research was extensive, including a four-month study and a year for printing, with the help of Ferdinand Blumentritt who wrote the preface.
- 🗺️ Rizal believed that the Philippines was economically prosperous and culturally rich before Spanish colonization, which he aimed to demonstrate through his annotations.
- 👥 Morga's view of Filipinos was influenced by the Spanish perspective, often portraying them as inferior or uncivilized, which Rizal sought to challenge.
- 🏞️ The script discusses the differences in the geographical and climatic descriptions of the Philippines by Morga and Rizal, highlighting their contrasting views.
- 🌿 Both Morga and Rizal mention the presence of various plant species in the Philippines, but their interpretations and the cultural significance of these plants differ.
- 🏡 Rizal不同意Morga关于菲律宾人生活方式和道德原则的观点,他认为全球各地,包括欧洲,都存在类似的金钱至上现象。
- 🍽️ 关于食物,Morga描述了菲律宾人对某些食物的偏好,而Rizal则对这些描述进行了纠正,提供了更准确的解释。
- 🏛️ Rizal在新版的《Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas》中提出了三个主要命题:菲律宾人在西班牙人到来之前有自己的文化和文明;西班牙殖民导致菲律宾人的分散、道德沦丧、剥削和毁灭;菲律宾的现状并不一定比过去优越。
Q & A
Who is Sir Rafi and what is the main topic of discussion in the video?
-Sir Rafi is the narrator of the video, and the main topic of discussion is Chapter 6 of the subject 'Results, Life Works, and Writings,' focusing on the annotation of Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas.'
When was the book 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' published and what was its purpose?
-The book 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' was published in 1605 in Mexico, with the purpose of providing European readers with information about the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period.
Who is Antonio de Morga and what is his significance in the context of the video?
-Antonio de Morga was a Spanish soldier, lawyer, and high-ranking colonial official who served in the Philippines and New Spain and Peru. He is significant as the author of 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas,' which is considered one of the most important works in the early history of Spanish colonization of the Philippines.
What are the three categories of notes in Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' as mentioned in the video?
-The three categories of notes in Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' are anti-clerical, sociological, and historical.
Why did Rizal choose to annotate Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas'?
-Rizal chose to annotate Morga's work because it was rare, Morga was a layman and not a religious chronicler, and Rizal felt Morga was more objective than religious writers who included many miracle stories.
What were Rizal's three main propositions in his annotation of Morga's book?
-Rizal's three main propositions were: 1) To awaken the consciousness of Filipinos of their glorious past, 2) To correct the distortions about the Philippines due to the Spanish conquest, and 3) To prove that Filipinos were civilized even before the coming of the Spaniards.
How did Rizal's views on Filipino culture and society differ from Morga's as discussed in the video?
-Rizal's views often contrasted with Morga's by providing a more nuanced and less biased perspective on Filipino culture and society. For example, while Morga criticized certain practices, Rizal often provided context or agreed with them, showing a more sympathetic understanding of Filipino customs.
What were some of the economic activities mentioned in the video that were present in the pre-colonial Philippines?
-Some economic activities mentioned in the video include the cultivation and trade of cotton, the sale of artifacts to Japanese, and mining for gold.
How did Rizal's research in London contribute to his annotation of 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas'?
-Rizal's research in London allowed him to improve his English language skills and conduct extensive historical research on pre-colonial Philippines, which he used to correct and provide context to Morga's original work.
What was the main proposition in the new edition of Rizal's annotation of Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas'?
-The main proposition in Rizal's new edition was that the present state of the Philippines was not necessarily superior to its past, and that Filipinos had their own culture and civilization before the coming of the Spaniards.
Outlines
📚 Historical Analysis of 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas'
This segment introduces Sir Rafi discussing Antonio de Morga's 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas,' a historical account published in 1605 detailing the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. Morga, a Spanish soldier and colonial official, provides insights into Filipino customs, traditions, and religions during the conquest. The video aims to compare Morga's views with those of Rizal, highlighting Morga's biases and the historical context of his work. Key terms 'annotation' and 'successors' are defined, setting the stage for a deeper analysis of the text's significance in understanding the early history of the Philippines.
🔍 Rizal's Research and Annotations on Morga's Work
Paragraph two delves into Rizal's meticulous research on pre-colonial Philippines, his efforts to correct historical inaccuracies, and his annotations on Morga's work. Rizal, seeking to understand the true conditions of the Philippines before Spanish arrival, spent time in London studying Morga's book. He aimed to challenge the Spanish misconceptions about the Filipinos' capabilities and rights. The segment outlines Rizal's methodology, his critical approach to Morga's accounts, and his objectives in annotating the work to awaken Filipino consciousness, correct historical distortions, and assert the civilization of the Filipinos prior to Spanish colonization.
🌏 Comparative Views on Filipino Culture and Society
The final paragraph contrasts Morga's and Rizal's views on various aspects of Filipino culture and society, including geography, climate, plant species, body tattoos, indigenous people, lifestyle, moral principles, government, food, beliefs, and economy. Morga's descriptions are often challenged by Rizal, who provides alternative perspectives and corrections. Rizal's annotations aim to present a more accurate and respectful portrayal of Filipino culture and history. The discussion concludes with Rizal's broader propositions about Filipino civilization before Spanish colonization, the negative impacts of colonization, and the importance of recognizing the Philippines' rich cultural heritage.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Antonio de Morga
💡Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
💡Annotation
💡Jose Rizal
💡Cultural Bias
💡Historical Accounts
💡Filipino Culture
💡Spanish Colonial Period
💡Indigenous People
💡Economy
Highlights
The book 'Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas' by Morga provides a historical account of the Philippine Islands during the Spanish colonial period.
Antonio de Morga, a Spanish soldier and high-ranking colonial official, authored the book after serving in the Philippines for 43 years.
The book includes descriptions of Filipino costumes, traditions, manners, and religions during the Spanish conquest.
Rizal's annotation of Morga's work aims to correct historical inaccuracies and biases presented in the original text.
Rizal's research included studying historical accounts and conducting research at the Bibliothèque nationale in Paris.
Morga's work is criticized for having a bias that defended the Spanish conquest and sometimes relied on invention.
Rizal believed that the Spanish conquest led to the decline of the Philippines' rich tradition and culture.
Rizal's annotation aimed to awaken the consciousness of Filipinos about their glorious past.
Morga's view of the Philippines' geography and climate is compared and contrasted with Rizal's observations.
Rizal disagreed with Morga's negative portrayal of indigenous people, arguing for a more nuanced understanding of their culture.
Morga's descriptions of Filipino lifestyle and moral principles are critiqued by Rizal for being one-sided.
Rizal argued that the pre-Spanish Philippine society had its own form of government and social structure.
Morga's account of Filipino food habits is challenged by Rizal, who provides a more positive view of their diet.
Rizal's annotation corrects Morga's misconceptions about Filipino beliefs and practices regarding the afterlife.
The economic activities of the pre-colonial Philippines are discussed, highlighting the trade and agriculture of the time.
Rizal's new edition of Morga's work presents a more balanced and accurate portrayal of the Filipino people and their culture.
The annotation serves as the first history book of the Philippines written for Filipinos, focusing on their own perspective.
Transcripts
good day everyone this is sir rafi
and on this day we will be discussing
the chapter 6 of our subject results
life works and writings
the results annotation of morga's
successors
islas filipinas
[Music]
so
the book of morgue successors islas
filipinas of the historical events of
the philippine islands was published in
mexico in 1605
to provide european readers information
about the philippines
the book documented events during
spanish colonial period in the
philippines as observed by the author
himself
moreover the book also includes filipino
costumes
traditions manners and religions during
the spanish conquest
in this video we will compare and
contrast risale and morga's
different views about filipino and the
philippine culture
[Music]
successors filipinas
for today's video our keywords are
annotation and successes
let us define them first
annotation a short explanation or note
added to a text or image or the act of
adding short explanations or notes
successors work of an honest observer a
versatile bureaucrat who know the
workings of the administration from
inside
successors isla's filipinas was written
by antonio
di morgan who is antonio de morga
[Music]
antonio de morga was a spanish soldier
lawyer and high-ranking colonial
official for 43 years in the philippines
from 1594 to 1604 new spain and peru
where he was president of the real
agenza for 20 years
he was also a historian he published the
book successor
filipinas in 1609 which considered one
of the most
important works in the early history of
the spanish colonization of the
[Music]
philippines
[Music]
the annotation of result consisted of
eight chapters
in which the first seven chapters dealt
with the events of the first eleven
governor generals of the philippines
starting from the gaspi to acornia
the last chapter focused on customs and
usage as of the filipinos
his notes were of three categories
namely anti-clerical
sociological and historical prior to the
annotation of successors
isla's filipinas result painstakingly
read historical accounts about the
philippines
such as books written by antonio
pigafeta
father quirino and other spanish christ
and historians
he even conducted research at beverly
attack national in paris
through the help of dr reinhold rose
the book successors islas filipinas
narrates the history of wars
intrigues diplomacy and evangelization
of the philippines in somewhat
disjointed way
modern historians including rizal have
notes that morga has a definite bias and
would often destroy
facts or even rely on invention to fit
this defense
of the spanish conquest
[Music]
what leads to sarisol to successors
isla's filipinas
first rizal was an earnest seeker of
truth and best mark him
as a historian
he had the burning desire to know
exactly the conditions of the
philippines when the spaniards came
ashore to the islands
his theory was that the country was
economically
self-sufficient and prosperous and
he believed that the conquest of the
spaniards contributed in poor to decline
of the philippines
rich tradition and culture
in 1889 to 1890 rizal spent several
months in london to do his historical
research in pre-colonial philippines and
to improve his english language
skills according to dr ferdinand
blumenthrin
the spanish historian dr antonio morgan
wrote success de las islas filipinas
which was published in mexico in 1609.
laboriously hand copied the whole 351
pages of the successors
he suffered weighted evaluated
each and every fruit he could find in
books manuscripts
documents and other records from the
vast british museums for the pinana
collection
rizal entertained the idea that it had a
lively and vigorous community
enriched with a collective and sensitive
art and culture of the native population
[Music]
results first consideration for the
choice of morga
one the original book was rare two
morga is a layman not a religious
chronicler
and three rizal felt morgan to be more
objective
than the religious writers who included
many miracle stories
results spent four months for research
and writing
and one year to have his manuscript
printed with ferdinand du mindred
who wrote the preface of the annotation
emphasizing one of the salient points
that there were
three kinds of spanish delusions about
the philippines
one filipinos were an inferiorist
two filipinos were not ready for the
parliamentary representation and other
reforms
three denial of equal rights can be
compensated by strict dispensation of
justice
two categories in results annotation
one result corrects the original one the
straightforward historical annotation
and two
historical based reflect his
anti-clerical bias
[Music]
according to guerrero in 1998 results
annotation of morga's successors
islas philippines's three main
propositions
one to awaken the consciousness of the
filipinos of their glorious ways of the
past
two to correct what has been distorted
about the philippines due to spanish
conquest
and three prove that filipinos are
civilized
even before the coming of the spaniards
and now let's go to rizal and morgan's
different
views about filipinos and philippine
culture
geography
location according to morga the
philippines was inhabited
said ptolemy in his geography indicated
three
islands which are senedai gilulo ambona
and their inhabitants
thus philippines was not deserted and
was
actually habitable and according to
morga
it extends up to 12 degrees south
latitude
for iselle it is actually at exactly 25
degrees in 40 minutes latitude north
until 12 degrees latitude south
next climate according to morga
winters and summers are opposite of
those in europe
according to rizal in manila by december
to february
the temperature goes down more than it
does during august to september
according to morga rainy weather is from
june to september
summer is from october to may according
to rizal
thus with regards to the season it
resembles spain as
all the rest of the northern hemisphere
next plant species according to morga
bettel arbuyo pickles and ginger are
bonded
but according to rizal
in tagalog
[Music]
culture and society first
body tattoo according to morga
they draw pattern first before putting
black powder where the blood ozes out
rizal agreed it is the same method as
the japanese
next indigenous people according to
morga
tribes of whom cannot be saved because
of violence
according to rizal they will always
choose violence until the government
enters because of their inhumane ways as
answering to those who do not submit to
the friars
next lifestyle and moral principles
according to morga men and women are
money-loving and in capitals
so when there is a price they yield
according to rizal
we find it everywhere in the world even
in europe
and according to morga bathing their
body on reverse their streams regardless
of their age
and according to result mean jews have
hygienic costumes
which is the proper way of taking a bath
government according to morga there are
no
kings or lords to rule them rizal agreed
that there were no such keys
morgan was critical of the system of
government because there are no rulers
for myriad communities instead
one litter for each tribe missal argued
that it was better that way because
having a leader that knows what the
tribe needs and what problems they have
is more effective
[Music]
foods according to morga
they prefer to eat salt fish which begin
to decompose and smell
but according to rizal it is called bagu
and all those who have eaten it and
tasted it know that is not
or not to be rotten and according to
morga
the ordinary food of the native is very
small fish which they call laulau
and according to rizal it seems that
morgaar refers to tawiles or diles which
is
eaten by natives in large quantities
fate first
belief on crocodiles according to morga
the native set traps on the borders of
rivers and streams near their
settlements to secure them
from which they fear and veteran and
according to rizal
it is just like how other nations have
their respect to lions and bears
quoting their symbols and their shells
and giving them vulnerable
effort else in terms of healers
according to morga graves sorcerers and
wizards who deceive the people and
communicate to them whatever they wish
they believe in almonds and
superstitions they could tell whether
the sick person would live or die
according to rizal it proved through the
story of father kirino about the case of
hermantow who is sick
he often offers his body to see if he
will be
cured but if he was cured what could be
said now to all who died despite all the
masses offered to the different virgins
next stomp for the dead
they buried their dead in their own
houses keeping their bodies in bone for
a long time in boxes and venerating
their skulls
that's according to morga and according
to rizal
we find it much more natural and biased
to venerate the remains of our loved
ones
than those fanatical martiers whom we
have no dealings and who probably will
never remember
asked
[Music]
economy according to morga
cotton is raised through the island
which they sell and trade as threats
according to rizal they also have cotton
and not just rice
according to morga the natives of the
islands
and sell the artifacts to japanese rizal
agreed
it is very interesting history shaped
and valued with a price of 100
offered for one of them and according to
morga
natives are always mining for gold but
when the spaniards came
the mining become lesser and they just
treasure what
culture will really have passing yet
through generations
rizal said the intrusion seeing that
wealth allows the capacity of the
incumenders and soldiers
abandoned the work in the mines and the
priest historians relate that
in order to save them from fixations
the main proposition in results new
edition of morga's successors or the
following
first that the filipinos had their own
culture and civilization before the
coming of the spaniards
second that the filipinos are
disseminated
demoralized exploited and ruined by the
spanish colonization
and last that the present state of the
philippines was not necessarily superior
to its past
finally with a new edition of morga's
successors
rizal was able to produce the first
history book of the philippines
written for the filipinos that would be
all about results annotation of more
good successes
isla filipinas thank you for watching
[Music]
you
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