DANILO GERONA: Magellan and the Battle of Mactan
Summary
TLDRThis transcript discusses historical research on Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, challenging common misconceptions. It reveals new insights, such as Magellan's limp due to a leg injury and his advanced age at the time of his death. The narrative also explores the Spanish approach to colonization, emphasizing the shift from force to diplomacy and the moral doctrine's influence on their interactions with indigenous peoples. The speaker corrects historical inaccuracies, like the portrayal of Lapu-Lapu, and delves into the complex dynamics within Magellan's crew, including suspicions and mutinies. The summary concludes with reflections on the legacy and the aftereffects of the expedition on Spanish colonial strategies.
Takeaways
- 📚 Research on Magellan's voyage is not only based on Spanish archives but also on materials from other authorities, including the back panel of the Archean.
- 👣 Historical documents reveal that Magellan had a limp due to an injury sustained in North Africa, contradicting the common image of him as a physically robust soldier.
- 🗺️ The narrative of Magellan's expedition is a clash of principles and worldviews, highlighting the Spanish and native perspectives.
- 🔍 New research suggests that Lapu-Lapu, often depicted as young, was actually 70 years old when he fought against Magellan's forces.
- 🎨 An artist has created a new painting of Lapu-Lapu as an old man, based on historical research, challenging the traditional image.
- 🤝 Magellan's crew accepted Rajah Humabon, but resisted his demand to convert, leading to tensions and eventual conflict.
- 🏰 The construction of monuments for Magellan in the 1870s by the Spaniards raises questions about the authenticity of the claimed burial site.
- 🚢 The Spanish and Portuguese of the 16th century are portrayed as leading superpowers, with complex views on the treatment of native peoples.
- ⚖️ The Spanish had to adapt their policies towards natives, influenced by moral doctrines and protests against abuses in South America.
- 🛡️ The use of force by the Spanish was regulated by rules of engagement, emphasizing the need for justifiable reasons before engaging in combat.
Q & A
What was the main purpose of the research conducted by the speaker in the Spanish archive?
-The main purpose was to show that the research on the speaker's development is not only supporting required research in the Spanish archive but also includes research in the speaker's own archive, which contains useful materials.
What new information did the speaker discover about Mandela's physical characteristics?
-The speaker discovered that Mandela was not walking straight due to a leg injury sustained in North Africa, which contradicts the common belief that he was physically fit.
How does the speaker describe the battle of principles between the native and Spanish perspectives?
-The speaker emphasizes that it was a battle of principles, contrasting the native way of looking at the world with the Spanish perspective, especially at the beginning of their encounters.
What surprising fact did the speaker reveal about Magellan's support units during the battle?
-The speaker revealed that Magellan's support units, the Rajah Humabon, were abandoned by the Spaniards and died for a port, which is not commonly known.
How old was Gaspar de Magallanes, according to the speaker's research?
-According to the speaker's research based on the document of Gaspar, Magellan was an old man, specifically 70 years old when he fought with the soldiers.
What did the speaker clarify about the relationship between Magellan and Rajah Humabon?
-The speaker clarified that Magellan and Rajah Humabon were not related, contrary to popular belief, and that their relationship was more about politics and economics.
What was the speaker's observation about the Spaniards' treatment of the natives in the Philippines?
-The speaker observed that the Spaniards initially treated the natives with hostility but later revised their approach due to the moral doctrine and the need to treat the natives with more respect and less force.
Why did the speaker mention the 'Instructions for the New World' in relation to Magellan's expedition?
-The speaker mentioned the 'Instructions for the New World' to highlight the policies that were made to guide the treatment of the natives, emphasizing the use of peaceful means before resorting to force.
What was the speaker's conclusion about the Spaniards' implementation of colonialism in South Asia?
-The speaker concluded that the Spaniards' implementation of colonialism in South Asia was complex and evolved over time, with a shift towards more peaceful means and less forceful tactics.
What did the speaker reveal about the suspicions and mutinies within Magellan's expedition?
-The speaker revealed that there were suspicions and mutinies within Magellan's expedition due to the Spanish and Portuguese members' distrust of each other, which led to internal conflicts and Magellan's eventual death.
Outlines
📜 Historical Research and Misconceptions
The speaker discusses the importance of historical research, emphasizing the need to consult both Spanish and local archives. They highlight the discovery of new information that challenges previous assumptions, such as the physical condition of Mandela, who was thought to be a soldier but was actually limping due to an injury sustained in North Africa. The speaker also addresses the collaboration between historians and the significance of materials from local authorities. They touch on the battle of principles between the native and Spanish worldviews, and the surprising fact that a key figure, McKenna Magellan, was not killed by the natives but by Spanish carabiners. The speaker corrects the common misconception that Magellan was a young man, revealing that he was actually 70 years old at the time of the battle. They also discuss the economic aspects of the conflict, such as the collection of taxes from foreign vessels and the strategic importance of certain locations.
🏰 Monuments and the Legacy of Magellan
This paragraph delves into the history of the monuments constructed by the Spaniards in 1875 to commemorate Magellan. The speaker questions the authenticity of the claimed location of Magellan's grave, as there were earlier unsuccessful attempts to locate it. They discuss the Spaniards' and Portuguese's initial hostile attitude towards the native people, which later changed due to the need for a more civilized approach, as dictated by the moral doctrine of the time. The speaker also mentions the shift in Spanish policy towards the treatment of natives, influenced by incidents of abuse and the need for justifiable reasons before using force. They highlight the importance of understanding the historical context of the 16th century, where Spain and Portugal were leading superpowers with a different set of rules for engagement, including the requirement for a just cause before engaging in war.
🛡 Colonialism and Suspicions in the Expedition
The speaker explores the implementation of colonialism by the Spaniards in South Asia, focusing on the use of peaceful means and the conditions under which force could be employed. They discuss the records of the expedition, which show that Magellan was initially reluctant to use force and only did so when a Muslim leader refused to accept responsibility. The paragraph also addresses the suspicions and mistrust among the Spaniards regarding the true intentions of Magellan and the Portuguese in the expedition. The speaker mentions the difficulty in determining the exact number of expedition members due to the use of aliases and the complex dynamics within the group. They conclude by discussing the circumstances of Magellan's death, suggesting that it was not as grand as previously depicted, and that the Spaniards' suspicions about Magellan's loyalty may have contributed to the mutiny and his eventual fate.
🏰 The Aftermath of Magellan's Death
In this paragraph, the speaker reflects on the aftermath of Magellan's death, highlighting the sentimental reasons behind the actions of certain individuals. They introduce Cristobal Novello, who is believed to be the illegitimate son of Magellan, and discuss his role in the final battle. The speaker describes the small scale of the battle, which involved only a handful of Spanish and native fighters. They also mention the letter sent by the governor of Mexico to the chieftain of the people, expressing relief at Magellan's death. The paragraph concludes with a discussion of the lasting impact of Magellan's legacy, even after his death, and the continued suspicions and fears that the Spaniards had about his intentions and loyalties.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Archean
💡Medellín
💡Magellan
💡Carabiners
💡Portuguese
💡Rajah Humabon
💡Economics
💡Doctrine of Discovery
💡Mutiny
💡Cristobal Novello
💡Colonialism
Highlights
Research on development in Spanish and local archives reveals new insights into historical figures and events.
Historians have discovered that the physical characteristics of Mandela were previously misunderstood.
New documents suggest that Mandela was not walking straight due to an injury sustained in North Africa.
The narrative of Batangas and Magellan's expedition is revisited, challenging traditional views.
Magellan's death was not as heroic as previously portrayed, with new evidence suggesting abandonment by his own men.
The image of Lapu-Lapu has been revised based on historical research, showing him as an old man, not young.
Lapu-Lapu's resistance to Magellan was not due to personal animosity but principles and cultural differences.
The relationship between Rajah Humabon and Magellan was not as close as previously thought, with new evidence suggesting distance.
Economic factors played a significant role in the interactions between the Spaniards and local tribes.
The construction of monuments for Magellan in 1875 raises questions about the accuracy of historical records.
The Spaniards' treatment of indigenous people evolved over time, influenced by moral doctrines and legal reforms.
The use of force by the Spaniards was regulated by the 'just war' doctrine, requiring justifiable reasons.
Magellan's expedition faced internal strife and suspicion, complicating the mission's objectives.
The number of Portuguese in Magellan's crew was uncertain due to their use of Spanish names to conceal their identity.
The battle in which Magellan died was smaller in scale than traditionally depicted, with fewer participants.
The legacy of Magellan and his expedition continues to be re-evaluated, with new perspectives emerging from historical research.
Transcripts
first express man you gotta tip you are
very good people have explained this is
to show you that research on my
development is not only a supporting
required research in Spanish archive but
also research in your own archive much
of my work at the Archean there are the
easiest demands and also that are very
very useful materials from your own
authority combo especially from the back
panel so that is the first time that
historians and I because this is safe to
you about medellín you always said that
Mandela is a soldier physical
characteristic about but when I was
looking at the certain documents unless
again it was at the difficult that we
have always thought it was your product
and it was not walking straight he was
limping because at one time when we
popped the bubble in North Africa the
certain food it shattered his leg in
there or since then he was actually
something very very with me about my dog
is to just that I talked about the
Batman you always cheat the bubble of
and simply
two people a chapter at least and in my
talk I would like to emphasize this
thing that it's a battle of principles
the native way of looking at world and
the Spanish way at the beginning the
world the other thing I would like to
emphasize series about McKenna Magellan
the support units and we you will see
that patella actually was killed by the
carabiners abandoned by the Spaniards
but died and died for a port it's
something that we probably have not read
in any book this that was the item of
metallic parts it is but here is the
cool Abu we have a notion that about
doing all the monuments paintings movies
he was a young man but when I hit my
research based on the document of Gaspar
hooray was Portuguese was actually an
old man he was 70 years old when he
fought with the soldiers of Magellan
so it's Kingston with your history we
are all extorted by the coup that was a
young library with in fact he was some
old hello the other thing that we have
that's well by the way
there is an artist created a new
painting of the double because now an
old man
based on the book that I wrote in spite
like that he takes the whole image of
the colada now the other thing that they
would like to say did not resist the
silence the buddha actually accepted
jars accepted Magellan the only thing
that they cannot accept is
a Rajah Humabon his own another chicken
whom he was a poor corridor but I won't
agree but I did get a research of this
video he was never actually related to
each other who model and the collab or
others involved apparently the one of
the issues had someone been worried
family problem I think the reason is why
is that the palapa meet the new novelist
because at least optimally
give the sister of the product or a
younger sister or younger white so the
other thing is has something to do with
economics
what about collection up for taxes if
you look at the map they were mad and
see who were very very close to each
other and whenever foreign vessels would
pass to be the you speak there in Cebu
the hood up we would define taxes from
the foreign vessels and therefore they
want to use anyone to pay access to
these are some images that we have an
1875 when the Spaniards began
constructing the monuments for a German
and so they founded the graveyard of
Magellan and this is how look like the
time we don't even know whether it was
true that they really found the
graveyard of Magellan because there were
earlier attempts to know where they shot
at was but they could not find any
evidence where Madeira really was buried
or when it was still in the battery but
that we just well of this particular
like is it up a German in a way how I
was post-battle
thought we always thought that the
Spaniards and even the Portuguese were
in a way very very rural they didn't
like native people they would simply
attack that and cabinet as a very bad
element that notion of European powers
in the sixteenth century
you have to understand that you're like
Spain and Portugal among the leading
superpowers and probably the more
civilized world storage we have that
Magellan City attack set disability that
yet that is that with the spartax well
to the Philippines they will include a
new mundane human day the alert sources
from South America that you used very
very hostile I hope you will also
receive hostility from the dangers and
for that reason by the hundreds Spain
had to revise their analysis of treating
the natives and one of one of the
example that was the it was the moral
doctrine apply purple in discussions and
ask us ask us giving all this ax was
protesting against the abuses of the
Spaniards it's South America and
protocol isn't certain Ross had been had
been issued by an appropriate unit Spain
for example that based upon whose
development
which really changed away with Sun
moving uranium which actually he hated
he abuses committed by the standard
supports the the England what I love
that we're looking at be for example the
carcass of the other the activator of
the Incas all the paintings of the cargo
the expeditions were there and also
surprised although that's portion of the
cardoon gonna pacify us telling us that
the best were still awaits I think the
whole idea is that they have to make use
the exhaust all these moments rarely
means to weather the day things rather
than to use force and so much Jared
Perry so many many different skills for
the natives that's one thing the toaster
apparently there was certain dreams in
the party of the spandex towards the
treatment of the natives the other thing
that you understand why they say that
but yell immediately use force and a
party but German means so to see to use
force unless it was that always repeats
a bit exhausted once they want to verify
to other that they demand to use the
sword liquor in yendo in the 16th
century onwards were required to make is
what but the rules of engagement in fact
yep
tell them that this is what we wanted to
do if you reduce to this the end of the
time that we will again that again
because before you can even use force
you have to be have a justifiable reason
for course the soccer you spell they
know the justice of war that engaging
people not like Vietnam there must be
sufficient reason to use force and what
can't appeal they for statistical issue
have become distant or in pieces when
you are confronted with a Mustang with
muscles with Islamic religion that you
can immediately we use force and
admittedly submit so that's one idea
should be considered as to make the
feature even in the colonization of the
defense I think again many students paid
to look at this record in their children
in years before Majella that she'll be
charged issue distorted enticing for
instance seventy five instructions were
made on all the policies that are comes
think that Mandela should the solution
should infinity and one of them is they
use the extremists big source of
peaceful means well would you be allowed
to use force I said if a Muslim leader
refused to accept responsibility that
could be employing out but then
in fact records showed up again at first
employed in Caribbean all the people
there haha no pay you when attack
refused to kiss they had a brother
button again Magellan happy resourceful
means the last time he did it seven was
of course tonight but yet I have a good
laugh so in this sense there is a
certain issue about how the Spaniards
implement colonialism in South Asia it's
a new whole organism it's out because I
said a little bit
finally I would say something about
Jenna but there was typically news
he was baffled by the spaniards why it
appears to me that the spaniards with
haunted by their suspicions that
Magellan remained they what evidence
but guerra was only about wait i or to
this to join the expedition in fact the
they're very different lives they could
really examine who were joining in fact
some Portuguese had adopted Spanish
names just to conceal their Portuguese
identity and be added more that's why
it's very very difficult to fix the real
number of the members of the expedition
because Magellan a pallet be listed his
number but when he could see people they
most likely for this reason had pain or
dispel Oh
Portuguese he knew that the danger FC is
stuck through the water the danger at
sea is you supported 740 BC it was funny
the hottest standards were hunted by
their suspicions that Magellan was
through Andrew Borden's
that's the reason why there were
beauties at least mutinous because the
Spanish in angles were suspicious what
was really mechanics purpose in the
exhibition they always suspected that
Mandela was there and we made the with
Portuguese and the world expedition day
so that Spain will be so when the battle
erupted the Spaniards Valentin
deliberately
but why did he die if you consider
Magellan he was born out of a look at
the garden but Janet was about the
studious was
they were greeted with the most
sophisticated advanced weaponry at the
6th century against 1500 needs only our
battles with heavy alien enemy but while
a German died it was a better fortune
for the arm with women he died because
of sentimental reason worker sir there
was a young man in the name Cristobal
Novello
christabella borough was a native of
check the family background it was and
this was it he was supposedly the
bastard son of Ferdinand Magellan and
when the battle was written this man was
being done up by a number of days and so
much Ellen according to a madman yes to
defend both of them time so only few
night there were only about seven of
Hispanics including Magellan and the
bell for danger study nine women
they were only in it's time for the
reason apparently the battle was not
behind a paddle that they've always
envisioned a thousand people fighting it
must be a small really small with all
this number and that
I see why I would say Magellan we made
portraits and done quite a body after
the death of a German here not for this
the governor of Mexico even sent a
letter to the next exhibition the data
was addressed with a chieftain of people
that he good for patella ha ha ha
because respectively good for it to die
because God apparently it was this all
even after his death - families and for
the prison hadn't been the recent cost
the Spaniards still were haunted by the
spirit that Magellan was not worthy
[Music]
[Applause]
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