SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA INDONESIA (Criminal Justice System)
Summary
TLDRThis video script discusses the Indonesian Criminal Justice System, detailing the stages of criminal proceedings based on Indonesian Law No. 8 of 1981. It outlines the roles of the police in investigation, the public prosecutor in pressing charges, and the court in adjudication. The script also covers the appeal process, including higher court reviews and the final authority of the Supreme Court. It concludes with the implementation of court decisions, emphasizing the system's interlocking nature to ensure justice.
Takeaways
- 📚 The Criminal Justice System in Indonesia is governed by the Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Code.
- 🔍 The system includes an integrated and interlocking process that must be followed for the proper functioning of criminal proceedings.
- 👮♂️ The first stage of the process is under the jurisdiction of the Indonesian National Police (POLRI) for investigation and prosecution.
- 🔎 Investigation involves a series of actions to uncover a suspected criminal event, while prosecution is the collection of evidence to clarify the crime and determine the perpetrator.
- 📄 After the investigation, the case files are handed over to the Public Prosecutor within 20 days.
- 🤵 The Public Prosecutor has the authority to review the case, hand over the suspect and evidence to the court, and then proceed with the indictment and trial at the court.
- ⚖️ The trial phase includes various legal procedures such as the prosecutor's indictment, the defendant's plea, examination of evidence, and the final verdict by the judge.
- 📢 If the defendant is not satisfied with the court's decision, they can appeal through legal remedies such as appeal (banding), cassation (kasasi), or review (peninjauan kembali or PK).
- 🏛 The highest legal remedy is cassation, which can be submitted to the Supreme Court, and its decisions are binding.
- 🔚 The final stage is the enforcement of the court's decision, which may involve the execution of a prison sentence in a correctional institution.
Q & A
What is the basis of the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia?
-The basis of the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia is the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code.
What does the term 'Criminal Justice System' imply in the context of the script?
-In the context of the script, 'Criminal Justice System' refers to the system that regulates how criminal law enforcement is carried out, including the integrated and interlocking processes involved in criminal trials.
Which authority holds the power of investigation and prosecution under the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia?
-Under the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia, the authority that holds the power of investigation and prosecution is the Indonesian National Police (POLRI).
What is the difference between 'penyelidikan' and 'penyidikan' as mentioned in the script?
-In the script, 'penyelidikan' refers to the series of actions by investigators to find and determine if a suspected criminal event occurred, while 'penyidikan' refers to the series of actions by prosecutors to collect evidence and clarify the criminal act and the person responsible, according to the law.
After the investigation, what happens to the case files in the Criminal Justice System?
-After the investigation is completed, the case files, which are the product of the investigation, are handed over to the Public Prosecutor.
What is the role of the Public Prosecutor in the Criminal Justice System?
-The Public Prosecutor, also known as the penuntut umum, is authorized by law to conduct prosecutions and implement the appointment of judges. They can create indictments, submit cases to court, and conduct prosecutions against the accused in court.
What are the stages of a trial as described in the script?
-The stages of a trial include the indictment by the Public Prosecutor, the defense's objection (sepsi), the Public Prosecutor's response to exceptions, the examination of evidence, the Public Prosecutor's accusation, the defense's plea, the Public Prosecutor's rebuttal, the public's response to the rebuttal, and finally, the judge's decision.
What is the 'upaya hukum' and when can it be applied according to the script?
-The 'upaya hukum' is a legal remedy that can be applied if the accused or the Public Prosecutor is not satisfied or disagrees with the judge's decision. It includes options like appeal (banding), cassation (kasasi), and review (peninjauan kembali or PK).
What are the three types of legal remedies (upaya hukum) mentioned in the script?
-The three types of legal remedies mentioned in the script are banding (appeal), kasasi (cassation), and peninjauan kembali or PK (review).
What is the final stage of the Criminal Justice System as described in the script?
-The final stage of the Criminal Justice System is the enforcement of the court's decision, which has become legally binding, carried out by the Public Prosecutor. If the decision includes a prison sentence, the convicted person will serve the sentence in a correctional institution.
Outlines
🏛 Introduction to the Indonesian Criminal Justice System
This paragraph introduces the topic of the Indonesian Criminal Justice System, highlighting its basis in the Indonesian law number 8 of 1981 concerning criminal law and procedure. It emphasizes the integrated and interlocking nature of the system's processes, which are necessary for its successful operation. The paragraph outlines the initial stages of the system, which are under the jurisdiction of the Indonesian National Police (POLRI) for investigation and prosecution. The investigation phase involves a series of actions to identify and determine whether a criminal act has occurred, while the prosecution phase involves the collection of evidence to clarify the occurrence of a crime and to identify the perpetrator. The paragraph concludes by discussing the handover of case files from the investigators to the public prosecutor.
📚 Further Stages of the Criminal Justice Process
The second paragraph delves into the subsequent stages of the criminal justice process in Indonesia. It details the role of the public prosecutor, who is empowered by law to conduct prosecutions and enforce court decisions. The prosecutor's responsibilities include drafting indictments, submitting cases to court, and conducting trials against the accused. The paragraph outlines the trial process, which involves various legal procedures such as the prosecutor's charges, the defendant's objections or counterarguments, the prosecutor's rebuttals, and the presentation of evidence. It also discusses the possibility of the accused or the prosecutor appealing the court's decision through legal avenues, including 'banding' (appeal to a higher court), 'kasasi' (final appeal to the Supreme Court), and 'PK' or 'peninjauan kembali' (limited review by the Supreme Court under specific conditions). The paragraph concludes with a discussion of the final stage, the enforcement of court decisions, which is carried out by the prosecutor and may involve the convicted person serving a prison sentence.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Criminal Justice System
💡Indonesian Criminal Procedure Law
💡Investigation
💡Prosecution
💡Public Prosecutor
💡Indictment
💡Trial
💡Judgment
💡Appeal
💡Penalty
💡Rehabilitation
Highlights
Introduction to the Indonesian Criminal Justice System
Foundation of the Criminal Justice System is the Indonesian Law No. 8 of 1981
The Criminal Justice System is an integrated and interlocking process of law enforcement
The first stage of the Criminal Justice System is under the authority of the Indonesian National Police for investigation and prosecution
Investigation is a series of actions to determine the occurrence of a criminal act
Prosecution involves gathering evidence to clarify a criminal act and identify the perpetrator
After the investigation, the case file is handed over to the Public Prosecutor
The Public Prosecutor has the authority to file charges and bring the case to court
The trial phase includes the examination process in court with various legal procedures
The trial's conclusion is the judge's decision, which can be appealed if unsatisfactory
Legal remedies available include appeal, cassation, and review (PK)
Appeal (banding) is a process to challenge a district court's decision at a higher court
Cassation is the final legal remedy to challenge a high court's decision at the Supreme Court
Review (PK) is a limited legal action for reconsideration of a Supreme Court decision based on new evidence
The final stage is the enforcement of the court's decision, which is binding
If the decision involves imprisonment, the convicted person will serve their sentence in a correctional institution
Conclusion and closing remarks on the Indonesian Criminal Justice System discussion
Transcripts
Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh Om Swastiastu namo buddhaya
salam kebajikan
Hai sobat hukum Indonesia
kali ini kita akan membahas Bagaimana
Sistem Peradilan Pidana yang ada di
Indonesia atau biasa kita sebut Criminal
Justice system
[Musik]
selanjutnya yang menjadi dasar Sistem
Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia adalah
undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8
tahun
1981 tentang kitab undang-undang hukum
acara pidana
jika kita bicara tentang Sistem
Peradilan Pidana berarti kita tidak akan
terlepas dari apakah itu sistem dan
bagaimana sistem tersebut mengatur acara
terkait Peradilan Pidana
sistem ada suatu tahapan
tahapan atau proses proses yang
terintegrasi dan bersifat interlock atau
terkait antara satu dengan yang lain
sehingga dalam beracara
Peradilan Pidana tersebut seluruh
tahapan harus dilalui jika tidak maka
sistem tersebut akan gagal
sehingga kita dapat menyimpulkan bahwa
Criminal Justice system adalah Sistem
Peradilan Pidana yang mengatur bagaimana
penegakan hukum pidana dijalankan
Apa saja tahapan dari Sistem Peradilan
Pidana tersebut
selanjutnya akan kita bahas satu persatu
Tahapan pertama berada dibawah
kewenangan dari POLRI atau Kepolisian
Negara Republik Indonesia dalam hal
penyelidikan dan penyidikan
penyelidikan adalah serangkaian tindakan
penyelidik untuk mencari dan menemukan
suatu peristiwa yang diduga sebagai
tindak pidana guna menentukan dapat atau
tidaknya dilakukan penyidikan menurut
cara yang diatur dalam undang-undang
sedangkan penyidikan adalah serangkaian
tindakan dari penyidik dalam hal dan
menurut cara yang diatur dalam
undang-undang untuk mencari serta
mengumpulkan bukti yang dengan bukti itu
membuat terang
suatu tindak pidana yang terjadi serta
guna menentukan siapa tersangkanya
setelah proses penyidikan selesai
selanjutnya berkas perkara yang
merupakan produk dari penyidikan
tersebut akan diserahkan kepada penuntut
umum
penyerahan tersebut dilakukan dalam 20
tahap tahap pertama adalah penyerahan
berkas yang selanjutnya oleh penuntut
umum berkas tersebut akan dipelajari dan
bilamana bekas tersebut sudah lengkap
maka akan dilakukan tahap kedua yaitu
penyerahan tersangka beserta barang
bukti kepada penuntut umum
Tahap selanjutnya adalah penuntut umum
penuntut umum adalah Jaksa yang the
Diberi wewenang oleh undang-undang untuk
melakukan penuntutan serta melaksanakan
penetapan Hakim
[Musik]
penuntut umum memiliki kewenangan untuk
membuat surat dakwaan
melimpahkan perkara ke persidangan
kemudian melakukan penuntutan terhadap
terdakwa di persidangan
[Musik]
Tahap selanjutnya adalah pengadilan
yaitu tahap pelaksanaan acara
pemeriksaan di sidang pengadilan dengan
acara antara lain
satu dakwaan oleh jaksa penuntut umum
2x sepsi atau nota keberatan terdakwa
atau penasihat hukum tiga tanggapan atas
Eksepsi oleh jaksa penuntut umum 4
putusan sela 5 pembuktian yaitu
Pemeriksaan alat bukti barang bukti 6
tuntutan oleh jaksa penuntut umum 7
play-doh atau nota pembelaan 8 replika
jawaban atas play-doh oleh jaksa
penuntut umum 9 publik tanggapan atas
replik oleh terdakwa atau penasihat
hukum dan terakhir adalah putusan hakim
[Musik]
kemudian Bagaimana jika terdakwa tidak
puas atau tidak terima dengan putusan
hakim tersebut
dalam KUHAP diatur yang namanya upaya
hukum dimana pihak terdakwa dan atau
pihak penuntut umum dapat melakukan
upaya hukum jika merasa tidak puas atau
keberatan
atas putusan hakim tersebut
upaya hukum tersebut antara lain 1
banding 2 kasasi dan 3 adalah peninjauan
kembali atau PK
penjelasan pertama adalah banding
banding adalah upaya yang dapat
dilakukan oleh salah satu pihak atau
kedua belah pihak yang berperkara jika
tidak puas atau merasa keberatan dengan
putusan pada tingkat Pengadilan Negeri
guna diajukan perkara tersebut ke
tingkat Pengadilan tinggi
selanjutnya adalah kasasi dan merupakan
upaya hukum terakhir jika pihak yang
berperkara tidak puas atau keberatan
dengan putusan pengadilan tinggi guna
diajukan ke tingkat Mahkamah Agung
sehingga apapun putusan dari Mahkamah
Agung memiliki kekuatan hukum yang
mengikat
Namun ada satu lagi upaya hukum luar
rasa yang bernama pk atau peninjauan
kembali yang diajukan kepada Mahkamah
Agung namun dengan syarat-syarat yang
sangat terbatas serta jika ditemukan
bukti baru atau novum yang ada sebelum
putusan dan jika kiranya novum itu
dimunculkan maka putusan tersebut akan
berubah
Tahap terakhir adalah pelaksanaan
putusan pengadilan yang telah memperoleh
kekuatan hukum tetap atau inkrah
dilakukan oleh Jaksa yang selanjutnya
jika putusan tersebut terdapat putusan
penjara maka terpidana akan menjalani
proses penjara tersebut di lembaga
permasyarakatan
demikian pembahasan kita tentang Sistem
Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia atau
Criminal Justice system Semoga dapat
bermanfaat bagi sobat hukum Indonesia
sekalian Akhir kata
Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh salam sejahtera bagi kita
semua
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