Know About Mahatma Gandhi #Mahatma_Gandhi
Summary
TLDRThis episode of 'Great Personalities at MakeMeGenius' explores the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, known as Mahatma Gandhi, a leader of non-violent Indian independence. Born in 1869, Gandhi's principles led him to fight against racial discrimination in South Africa and British rule in India. His non-violent methods, including the Dandi Salt March, influenced global human rights movements and earned him a place as a hero of peace. Despite facing imprisonment and assassination, Gandhi's unwavering commitment to non-violence changed the course of history.
Takeaways
- 🎉 Introduction to Mahatma Gandhi, also known as the Father of the Nation in India.
- 👦 Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat, India, and was a man of strong principles.
- ⚖️ He studied law in England and later worked in South Africa, where he fought for the rights of Indians through non-violence.
- 🚂 Gandhi faced racial discrimination in South Africa, where he was thrown off a train for refusing to give up his seat to a European.
- ✊ Gandhi used non-violence as his method of protest, which involved no weapons, army, or destruction.
- 🧂 Gandhi led the Salt March in 1930 to protest the British salt tax, marking a significant point in the Indian independence movement.
- 🇮🇳 Gandhi's non-violent methods eventually led to India gaining independence on August 15, 1947.
- 📚 Gandhi's autobiography, 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth,' is a notable work recounting his principles and life.
- 🔫 Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse, who disagreed with his principles.
- 🌍 Gandhi's principle of non-violence influenced global human rights leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and the Dalai Lama.
Q & A
Who is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi popularly known as?
-Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi.
What was the significance of Mahatma Gandhi's early life and education?
-Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat, India. He was an average student but had strong principles. At the age of 19, he went to England to study law, which laid the foundation for his future legal and political career.
Why did Gandhi go to South Africa and what did he experience there?
-Gandhi went to South Africa to work in a law firm and stayed for 21 years. He experienced racial discrimination and inequality, which led him to fight for the rights of Indians living there.
What was the incident that sparked Gandhi's fight against inequality in South Africa?
-Gandhi was forced to give up his first-class railway seat to a European on a train in South Africa. When he refused, he was thrown out of the train, an incident that sparked his fight against inequality.
What is non-violence and how did Gandhi use it as a technique for fighting against injustice?
-Non-violence is a technique of fighting against injustice without using any weapons, violence, or destruction. Gandhi used non-violence to fight for the rights of Indians in South Africa and later in India, which helped them gain respect and voting rights.
What was the Swadeshi movement initiated by Gandhi?
-The Swadeshi movement was a boycott of British goods by Indians and the use of Indian goods. It was part of Gandhi's non-violent resistance against British rule in India.
What was the Dandi March and why was it significant in the Indian Freedom Movement?
-The Dandi March was a protest march organized by Gandhi in 1930 against the British salt monopoly. It started from his ashram in Ahmedabad to the seaside village of Dandi. The march was significant as it marked a turning point in the Indian Freedom Movement and demonstrated the power of non-violent resistance.
How did the British react to the Dandi March?
-The British arrested Gandhi and his fellow marchers after they reached Dandi. However, the march shook the British Empire with its non-violent resistance and led to discussions about reforms in India.
What was the Quit India Movement and what was its outcome?
-The Quit India Movement was initiated by Gandhi in August 1942, calling for an end to British rule in India. Although Gandhi was arrested again, the movement contributed to the eventual achievement of India's independence on 15th August 1947.
Who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi and why?
-Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on 30th January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, who disagreed with Gandhi's principles, particularly his policy of reconciliation towards Muslims.
How did Mahatma Gandhi's principle of non-violence influence the world?
-Gandhi's principle of non-violence influenced many human rights supporters across the world, including Martin Luther King Jr., James Beaver, and others.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Mahatma Gandhi's Life and Philosophy
The script begins with a lively introduction to an episode about Mahatma Gandhi, a pivotal figure in Indian history. Born on October 2, 1869, in Gujarat, India, Gandhi was known for his strong principles from a young age. Despite being an average student, he would later lead significant protests and become a symbol of non-violence. The video also mentions his early marriage to Kasturba and his journey to England for law studies. His experiences in South Africa, where he faced racial discrimination, led him to fight for the rights of Indians there, marking the beginning of his non-violent resistance movement.
🌊 Gandhi's Non-Violent Struggle for Indian Rights in South Africa
This paragraph delves into Gandhi's experiences in South Africa, where he was subjected to racial prejudice and inequality. An incident on a train, where he was forced to relinquish his first-class seat, catalyzed his commitment to fight against injustice. Gandhi's innovative approach of non-violence, devoid of weapons and destruction, was initially met with skepticism but ultimately proved effective. His tactics led to improved treatment of Indians and their ability to participate in elections, showcasing the power of peaceful protest.
🔄 Gandhi's Return to India and the Fight for Independence
Upon returning to India, Gandhi joined the Freedom Movement armed with his philosophy of non-violence and non-cooperation. He initiated the swadeshi movement, encouraging the boycott of British goods in favor of Indian products. The Dandi March, a significant event in the Indian Freedom Movement, is highlighted, where Gandhi led a peaceful protest against the British salt monopoly. Despite facing arrests, Gandhi's unwavering commitment to non-violence influenced global human rights activists like Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Mahatma Gandhi
💡Non-violence
💡Swadeshi Movement
💡Salt March
💡British Rule
💡Non-cooperation
💡Quit India Movement
💡Assassination
💡Autobiography
💡Influence
Highlights
Introduction of Mahatma Gandhi, his principles and influence.
Gandhi's early life, education and marriage.
Gandhi's experience with racial discrimination in South Africa.
Gandhi's non-violent resistance against inequality in South Africa.
Gandhi's return to India and joining the Freedom Movement.
The Swadeshi movement and boycott of British goods.
The significance of the Dandi March and the Salt Satyagraha.
British reaction to Gandhi's non-violent protests.
Gandhi's Quit India Movement and subsequent arrest.
India's independence and Gandhi's unwavering commitment to non-violence.
Gandhi's autobiography 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth'.
Gandhi's assassination and its impact.
Influence of Gandhi's non-violence on global human rights movements.
Trivia about figures inspired by Gandhi's principles.
Invitation to visit the website for more facts and a quiz on Gandhi.
Closing remarks and teaser for the next episode.
Transcripts
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
thank you
[Music]
hi friends welcome to yet another
episode of great personalities at makeme
genius today we will talk about Mohandas
karamchand Gandhi popularly known as
Mahatma Gandhi hi Rachel hey babe you
are late
yeah there was a group of boys who had
picked up a fight I was just telling
them that fighting is useless you know I
am a follower of non-violence oh just
like Gandhi we are doing a story on him
today
oh great can I join sure pip Mohandas
karamchand Gandhi the son of karamchand
Gandhi and putlibai was born on 2nd
October
1869 at porbandar in the state of
Gujarat in India
though an average student Gandhi was a
boy of strong principles
and who had known that he would lead one
of the most influential protests in the
history of the world yes a man who made
every Indian a part of his protest
because it required determination but no
weapon absolutely Gandhi was married to
kasturba at a young age
at the age of 19 he went to England to
study law after he returned home he
began to practice law that soon left for
South Africa to work in a law firm and
stayed there for 21 years
that's a long time I heard he fought for
the rights of Indians there
yes during those times South Africa was
dominated by Europeans and they treated
the people with dark skin color very
badly
Gandhi had the bitter experience of
inequality in South Africa
on one such incident he was forced to
give up his first class Railway seat to
a European
when Gandhi refused to do so he was
thrown out of the train
that's so rude
yes but Gandhi did not give up instead
he chose to fight against the inequality
then what happened did he win he had no
weapons no Army what did he do
yes he fought bravely with a strange
technique called non-violence what's
that is it a wrestling move or a weapon
it means fighting without any violence
no weapon no Army and no destruction it
does not work it worked non-violence
helped him want respect for the Indians
they were treated well after that and
could even cast their vote in the
elections
wow he must have become a hero in 1914
Gandhi came back to India at that time
the country was still under the British
rule Gandhi joined the Freedom Movement
with his weapons non-violence and
non-cooperation so it must have been
easy because he had already proved the
power of non-violence in South Africa
well it wasn't so easy but Gandhi was
determined he started the swadeshi
movement a boycott of the British goods
by Indians and use of the Indian Goods
but dandi March marked the turning point
in the Indian Freedom Movement
Dandy March does not relate to the Salt
March yes oh I would like to know about
it
well the salt tracks imposed on the
Indians did not allow Indians to collect
produce or sell salt Indians were forced
to buy salt from the britishers after
paying a huge tax so the poor people
could not buy salt
oh but as I know salt is a very
important part of the Indian meal
besides it makes the food tasteful and
is essential for health yes Gandhi
organized a Salt March in the month of
March in 1930 with 78 people from his
ashram in Ahmedabad to the seaside
village of dandi on the way they were
joined by thousands of Freedom Fighters
oh how did the British react to this
they arrested Gandhi and his fellow men
after he reached dande
but the British Empire was shaken with
the new way of fight that did not
involve any weapons
so they called him to London to discuss
the reforms in India did they agree with
Gandhi no but they understood the power
of non-violence Gandhi began the quit
India movement in August
1942. he was arrested again and released
in
1944. finally India achieved
Independence on 15th August
1947. he was arrested so many times
still he never gave up the idea of
non-violence such was his determination
yes his autobiography the story of my
experiments with truth is surely a book
to read Gandhi was assassinated on 30th
January 1948 by nathuram godsei who
disagreed with the principles of Gandhi
trivia time the principle of
non-violence of Gandhi influenced many
human rights supporters across the world
like Martin Luther King Jr James beaver
and the Lai Lama
that brings us to the end of the
inspiring story of Mahatma Gandhi tell
us what did you like in him and if you
want to know some more interesting facts
and would like to take a quiz about him
then visit our website
www.makemegenius.com we will come back
with yet another inspiring story just
for you till then stay subscribed to our
YouTube channel and press the Bell icon
see you soon
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