SENI KRIYA - Materi Pembelajaran Seni Budaya dan Prakarya

Eko M7 Barokah

1 Mar 202111:06

Summary

TLDRThis video script introduces the art of 'kriya', a traditional Southeast Asian craft that combines functionality with aesthetic value. It traces the development of 'kriya' from its classical roots in Hindu-Buddhist times to its modern form influenced by colonialism and industrialization. The script explores various types of 'kriya', including wood, textile, paper, ceramics, metal, and leather crafts, each with its unique techniques such as carving, batik, weaving, knitting, and modern printing technology. The video aims to educate viewers on the rich heritage and diverse applications of 'kriya' in everyday life, emphasizing its significance as a form of applied art.

Takeaways

📚 The term 'seni kriya' originates from Sanskrit, meaning 'to do' or 'work', and has evolved to include the concepts of 'work' and 'craft'.
🎨 'Seni kriya' refers to the art of creating functional and aesthetically valuable pieces through hand skills.
🏺 The development of 'seni kriya' includes traditional and classical forms from the Hindu-Buddhist era, which produced many works based on religious and philosophical thoughts.
👗 Traditional 'seni kriya' is adapted to the character and environment of the people, with materials and techniques determined by local resources.
🌏 The third development of 'seni kriya' is the 'New Indonesia' style, influenced by colonial education emphasizing rational and materialistic values, leading to a blend of traditional crafts with modern industrial materials.
🛋️ The first function of 'seni kriya' is as decorative items, with a focus on aesthetic form rather than functionality.
🍽️ The second function of 'seni kriya' is as applied or practical items, maintaining functionality while not losing their beauty, such as ceramics and furniture.
🧸 The third function of 'seni kriya' is as toys, often simple in form, made from easily accessible and affordable materials.
🌳 'Kriya kayu' is a type of craft made from wood, combining aesthetic and functional elements.
🧵 'Kriya tekstil' involves the use of fabric, integrating beauty and functionality in the creation process.
📜 'Kriya kertas' crafts are made from paper, enhancing its aesthetic and market value through processing techniques.

Q & A

What does the term 'kriya' mean etymologically?
-Etymologically, 'kriya' is derived from the Sanskrit language, meaning 'action' or 'to do', and it has evolved to encompass terms like 'work' and 'craft'.
What is the definition of 'senikriya' according to the script?
-'Senikriya' is defined as an art form created with hand skills, taking into account functional specifications and aesthetic value.
Why is the creation of 'senikriya' not solely based on functionality?
-The creation of 'senikriya' is not solely based on functionality because it also aims to fulfill the emotional need for beauty.
How is 'senikriya' categorized in terms of applied art?
-'Senikriya' is categorized as one form of applied art that has been known since ancient times and is deeply rooted in the culture.
What are the three main developments of 'senikriya' mentioned in the script?
-The three main developments of 'senikriya' are traditional classical art from the Hindu-Buddhist era, traditional folk art adapted to local customs and environments, and modern Indonesian 'senikriya' influenced by colonial times and rational values.
How did the colonial era impact the development of 'senikriya'?
-During the colonial era, the emphasis on rational and materialistic values led to a dilution of traditional 'senikriya' values, with some people combining traditional crafts with new styles using industrial materials and commercial processes.
What are the three main functions of 'senikriya' as described in the script?
-The three main functions of 'senikriya' are as decorative items, as applied or practical objects, and as toys or playthings.
What is the significance of 'kriya kayu' in the context of 'senikriya'?
-'Kriya kayu' refers to woodworking crafts, which are significant in 'senikriya' as they combine aesthetic and functional elements.
How does 'kriya tekstil' differ from other types of 'senikriya'?
-'Kriya tekstil' is unique as it involves the use of fabric as the base material, combining beauty and functionality in its creation.
What are the various materials used in 'senikriya' according to the script?
-The various materials used in 'senikriya' include wood, fabric, paper, clay, metal, stone, and leather from animals like cow, buffalo, snake, and others.
Can you explain the different techniques of 'senikriya' mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions several techniques of 'senikriya', including carving (ukiran), batik dyeing, weaving (tenun), knitting (anyaman), embroidery (bordir), and modern printing techniques.

Outlines

00:00

🎨 Introduction to Art of Craftsmanship

The first paragraph introduces the concept of 'seni kriya' or the art of craftsmanship, which originates from Sanskrit and implies creating with hand skills while considering functionality and aesthetic value. It emphasizes that this art form is not only functional but also fulfills emotional needs for beauty. The paragraph outlines the historical development of 'seni kriya', starting from traditional and classical art during the Hindu-Buddhist era, through to traditional folk art adapted to local customs and environments, and finally to the modern development during the colonial period where rational and secular values started to overshadow traditional art values. The paragraph also categorizes 'seni kriya' into three functions: decorative art, practical applied art, and playthings.

05:00

🌟 Types and Techniques of Craftsmanship

The second paragraph delves into the various types of 'seni kriya' found in the archipelago, including woodwork, textile crafts, paper crafts, ceramics, metalwork, and leather crafts. Each type is characterized by the base material and the combination of aesthetic and functional elements. The paragraph also describes different crafting techniques such as carving, batik (a method of dyeing fabric with a pattern), weaving (including 'songket' and 'ikat' with unique regional patterns), knitting, and embroidery. Additionally, it touches upon modern production techniques involving printing technology for mass production.

10:02

📚 Conclusion and Future Discussion

The final paragraph wraps up the discussion on 'seni kriya', expressing hope that the video has been informative and beneficial. It also hints at future topics to be covered in subsequent videos, focusing on other aspects of learning and craftsmanship. The speaker extends thanks for the audience's attention and requests forgiveness for any shortcomings, concluding with a traditional greeting and a prompt for likes and engagement.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Craft Art

Craft Art, also known as 'seni kriya' in the script, refers to the creation of artistic works using manual skills and hand skill. It emphasizes both the functional aspect and the aesthetic value of the work. In the video, Craft Art is the central theme, highlighting its importance in traditional and modern Indonesian culture. Examples include wood carvings, textiles, and pottery, all of which are mentioned in the script as forms of Craft Art.

💡Etymology

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have evolved throughout history. The script mentions that the term 'kriya' is derived from Sanskrit, which originally means 'to do' or 'to make'. This etymological background helps to understand the essence of Craft Art as an action of creating something with skill and purpose.

💡Functional Aspect

The functional aspect of Craft Art refers to the practical use or purpose of the artwork. The script explains that Craft Art is not only made based on its functionality but also to fulfill the emotional need for beauty. This dual focus on functionality and aesthetics is a key characteristic of Craft Art as discussed in the video.

💡Traditional Craft Art

Traditional Craft Art, as mentioned in the script, is the form of Craft Art that has been developed during the era of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms. It includes various techniques and artistic creations that were influenced by religious and philosophical thoughts of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. This concept is crucial for understanding the historical roots of Craft Art in Indonesia.

💡People's Craft Art

People's Craft Art, or 'seni kriya rakyat' in the script, is Craft Art that is adapted to the characteristics and environment of the people at the time. It is made using local materials and tools, reflecting the lifestyle and culture of the community. The script uses this term to illustrate the adaptability and diversity of Craft Art across different regions in Indonesia.

💡New Home Style

The term 'Griya Baru' in the script refers to the New Home Style, which emerged during the colonial era. It represents a shift in societal awareness towards traditional Craft Art values due to the influence of rational and materialistic life values. Some people combined traditional Craft Art with this new style, using industrial materials and commercial processes.

💡Decorative Craft Art

Decorative Craft Art is a type of Craft Art that primarily serves as an ornament or decoration. The script mentions that many Craft Art products function as display items, with their aesthetic form being more prominent than their functionality. Examples given in the script include wood carvings, wall decorations, and statues.

💡Applied Craft Art

Applied Craft Art, or 'seni kriya terapan' in the script, refers to Craft Art that emphasizes its practical use while maintaining its aesthetic qualities. This type of Craft Art is comfortable and functional but does not sacrifice beauty. The script provides examples such as ceramics and furniture.

💡Craft Art Materials

The script discusses various materials used in Craft Art, including wood, textile, paper, ceramics, metal, and stone. Each material has its unique characteristics and processing techniques, contributing to the diversity of Craft Art forms and styles in Indonesia.

💡Craft Art Techniques

Craft Art Techniques, as outlined in the script, are the methods used to create Craft Art pieces. They include carving, batik dyeing, weaving, knitting, embroidery, and modern printing technologies. These techniques are essential for understanding the production process and the artistic expression in Craft Art.

💡Cultural Heritage

Cultural Heritage in the context of the script refers to the traditional knowledge, skills, and expressions that have been passed down through generations. The video discusses the importance of preserving and revitalizing Craft Art as part of Indonesia's cultural heritage, especially in the face of modernization and changing societal values.

Highlights

Introduction to the concept of 'seni kriya', derived from Sanskrit, emphasizing the combination of hand skill, functionality, and aesthetic value in crafting.

Exploration of the development of 'seni kriya' from traditional and classical forms during the Hindu-Buddhist era to modern adaptations.

Discussion on how 'seni kriya' has been integrated into daily life, with examples such as jewelry, wooden chairs, and clothing.

Explanation of the three main developments in 'seni kriya': traditional, folk, and new Indonesian forms.

Insight into the impact of colonial education on traditional 'seni kriya' values and the blending of traditional crafts with modern techniques.

Differentiation between the three functions of 'seni kriya': decorative, practical, and as toys.

Description of 'kriya kayu', highlighting the craftsmanship and aesthetic integration in woodwork.

Introduction to 'kriya tekstil', focusing on the beauty and functionality of textile crafts.

Explanation of 'kriya kertas', detailing the transformation of paper into aesthetically valuable items.

Discussion on 'kriya keramik', showcasing the creation of desired forms from clay using specific techniques.

Highlighting 'kriya logam', the metalwork craft that uses metal as a base material to create desired shapes.

Introduction to 'kriya batu', the craft of shaping stone into items with aesthetic and commercial value.

Description of 'kriya kulit', focusing on the use of various types of skin in crafting leather goods.

Categorization of 'seni kriya' techniques into carving, batik, weaving, knitting, embroidery, and modern printing technology.

Explanation of the 'ria pahat' or carving technique, used to shape materials like wood, metal, or stone.

Introduction to batik as a 'seni kriya' technique, involving the application of patterns on cloth using specific dyes.

Description of 'kriya tenun', the weaving technique that creates cloth with specific patterns through the interlacing of threads of various colors.

Highlighting 'kriya anyaman', the knitting technique that forms patterns from the base material.

Explanation of 'kriya bordir', the embroidery technique that enhances the beauty of cloth by sewing decorative stitches.

Introduction to modern 'seni kriya' production using printing technology, both traditional and modern methods.

Conclusion and acknowledgment of the importance of 'seni kriya' in Indonesian culture and its potential impact on future generations.