The origins of the Hamas-Israel war explained | ABC News
Summary
TLDRThe script delves into the historical roots of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, starting from World War I through to the establishment of Israel and the ongoing disputes over territories like the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It highlights the UN's division plan, the Arab rejection, subsequent wars, and the current situation with Israel's occupation and blockade. The narrative also touches on the rise of Hamas and the challenges faced by Palestinians, including high unemployment and restricted movement, amid escalating tensions around religious sites and holidays.
Takeaways
- 🏛️ The script begins with historical context, tracing the conflict back to World War I and Britain's control over the region, which had an Arab majority and a Jewish minority.
- 🌐 The script mentions the Holocaust and the subsequent increase in Jewish migration, leading to the United Nations' 1947 decision to divide the British mandate for Palestine into a Jewish and an Arab state.
- 🇮🇱 Israel's acceptance of the UN's partition plan resulted in its formation as a state, while the Arab side's rejection led to a war.
- 📈 The script describes the displacement of Palestinians during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, known as the 'Nakba' or catastrophe, and the subsequent control of different territories by Israel, Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.
- 📅 The Six-Day War in 1967 is highlighted as a pivotal event where Israel seized control of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights, leading to ongoing occupation and international objections.
- 🏠 The occupation has resulted in Israeli civilians living in disputed territories for various reasons, causing displacement and conflict with Palestinians.
- 📣 The script discusses the formation of Hamas in the late 1980s as a response to growing frustrations, with the group's goal being the destruction of Israel.
- 🗳️ Hamas won democratic elections in 2006 but was isolated internationally due to its refusal to renounce violence against Israel.
- 🚫 The Gaza Strip's situation is detailed, with Israel's withdrawal in 2005 but continued control over airspace, sea, and crossings, leading to a blockade and harsh living conditions.
- 🕋 Jerusalem's significance as a holy city for three major religions is mentioned as a point of contention, with religious holidays often escalating tensions.
- ⚔️ The script concludes by noting the potential for further escalation in the region, as recent attacks indicate an ongoing cycle of conflict.
Q & A
What historical event is mentioned at the beginning of the script that had a significant impact on the region?
-The script begins by mentioning World War I, when Britain took control of the region that is now known as Israel and Palestine.
What was the demographic composition of the region during the time of British control post-World War I?
-During the time of British control, the region had an Arab majority and a Jewish minority.
What significant event in the 20th century led to a large increase in Jewish migration to the region?
-The Holocaust targeting Jews during World War II led to a significant increase in Jewish migration to the region.
What was the United Nations' proposal in 1947 regarding the division of the British mandate for Palestine?
-In 1947, the United Nations proposed dividing the British mandate for Palestine into a Jewish State and an Arab State.
Why did the Arab side reject the UN's partition plan in 1947?
-The Arab side rejected the UN's partition plan because they did not agree with the division of the land into separate Jewish and Arab states.
What is the term Palestinians use to describe the displacement that occurred after the 1948 war?
-Palestinians refer to the displacement that occurred after the 1948 war as the 'Nakba', or catastrophe.
What territories did Israel seize control of during the Six-Day War in 1967?
-During the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel seized control of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the Golan Heights.
What is the status of the West Bank and Gaza Strip according to the UN regarding Israeli occupation?
-The UN considers the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip as illegal.
Why do Israeli civilians choose to live in the occupied territories despite objections from the international community?
-Israeli civilians choose to live in the occupied territories for various reasons, including political and religious beliefs, as well as for the affordability of housing.
What is the primary goal of Hamas, as mentioned in the script?
-The primary goal of Hamas, as mentioned in the script, is the destruction of Israel.
How does the Israeli blockade of Gaza affect the living conditions there?
-The Israeli blockade of Gaza has led to tough living conditions, with a high unemployment rate of 50%, as well as deteriorating health systems and infrastructure.
What is the significance of Jerusalem in the ongoing conflict, and how does it relate to religious tensions?
-Jerusalem is significant in the ongoing conflict because it is home to holy sites from three major religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Clashes in the region often escalate around major religious holidays.
Outlines
🏛️ Historical Context of the Israel-Palestine Conflict
This paragraph sets the stage for understanding the Israel-Palestine conflict by tracing its roots back to World War I and the subsequent British mandate. It outlines the 1947 UN proposal to divide Palestine into Jewish and Arab states, the formation of Israel after the Arab rejection, and the displacement of Palestinians during the 1948 war. The paragraph also covers the Six-Day War in 1967, which led to Israel's occupation of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights, territories considered illegal by the UN. The narrative touches on the reasons for Israeli settlements in these areas and the resulting displacement and protests by Palestinians.
🚨 The Reality of Occupation and Blockade in Palestine
This section delves into the harsh realities of the Israeli occupation and blockade, particularly focusing on the Gaza Strip. It describes the withdrawal of Israel from Gaza in 2005 and the continued control over its airspace, sea, and crossings, leading to a dire humanitarian situation with high unemployment and a deteriorating health and infrastructure system. The paragraph also introduces Hamas, a group formed in the late 1980s with the goal of Israel's destruction, which has been designated a terrorist organization by many countries, including Australia.
🗳️ Hamas' Role and the International Response
The paragraph discusses Hamas's rise to power through democratic elections in 2006, its refusal to renounce violence against Israel, and the subsequent isolation by the international community. It explains how Hamas lost control of Gaza a year later and the ongoing Israeli military authority in the West Bank, affecting the lives of millions of Palestinians who resist the occupation and blockade.
🕌 Jerusalem: A Flashpoint for Religious and Political Tensions
This part of the script highlights Jerusalem as a central point of contention, being home to holy sites for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It explains how clashes in the region often intensify around major religious holidays, such as the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur or the Islamic month of Ramadan, indicating the deep-seated religious and political tensions that exacerbate the conflict.
⚔️ Escalation of Violence and the Threat of Further Conflict
The final paragraph of the script warns of the potential for further escalation in the conflict, underscored by recent attacks. It suggests that while the region has long been fraught with tension, the current situation indicates that things could get even worse, implying the need for urgent attention and resolution efforts to prevent further violence.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Israel
💡Palestinian militants
💡West Bank
💡Gaza Strip
💡Hamas
💡British mandate for Palestine
💡Six-Day War
💡International Community
💡Jerusalem
💡Nakba
💡Holocaust
Highlights
Israel declares a state of war following a major terror attack in the Palestinian territories.
The conflict's roots trace back to World War I when Britain took control of the region with an Arab majority and a Jewish minority.
The 1947 UN decision to divide Palestine into a Jewish State and an Arab State was accepted by the Jewish side but rejected by the Arab side, leading to war.
The term 'Nakba' or 'Catastrophe' refers to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians after the 1948 war.
In the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel seized the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights, territories considered illegal under UN resolutions.
Israeli civilians live in the occupied territories for various reasons, including political, religious, and economic factors.
Palestinian protests and demonstrations against displacement and occupation are common in the region.
Israel's withdrawal from Gaza in 2005 did not end the blockade, with control over airspace, sea, and goods crossings.
Gaza's conditions under the blockade are dire, with a 50% unemployment rate and a deteriorating health system and infrastructure.
Hamas, formed in the late 1980s, aims for Israel's destruction and is considered a terrorist group by many countries, including Australia.
Hamas won democratic elections in 2006 but was isolated internationally due to its refusal to renounce violence against Israel.
Israel continues to occupy the West Bank, where the Israeli Army holds ultimate authority over Palestinians.
The Palestinian population in the West Bank and Gaza do not accept Israeli occupation or blockade.
Jerusalem, with its holy sites for three major religions, is a focal point of contention and often the site of clashes during religious holidays.
The region has faced long-standing tension, but recent attacks indicate a potential for further escalation.
Transcripts
[Music]
Israel says it's at war after
Palestinian militants launched a major
terror attack at the center of this
conflict is Israel's military occupation
of one Palestinian territory the West
Bank and its blockade of the other the
Gaza Strip to understand what's
happening it helps to go back to World
War I when Britain took control of the
region the land at the time had an Arab
majority and a Jewish minority an Arab
Rebellion and ongoing Jewish migration
was followed by the Holocaust targeting
Jews in World War II and a big increase
in Jewish migration in 1947 the United
Nations with Australia being a key
driver agreed that what had been known
as the British mandate for Palestine
would be divided into a Jewish State and
an Arab State the Jewish side accepted
this hence the state of Israel was
formed but the Arab side rejected it
sparking a one-year War War as Britain
withdrew but as the years went on Israel
took more land than had been agreed by
the UN Palestinians call this the NABA
or catastrophe as hundreds of thousands
of Palestinians
fled at the end of the war Israel
controlled all the land in blue except
for Gaza here which Egypt controlled the
West Bank which was controlled by Jordan
and the Golden Heights controlled by
Syria in 1967 in what's known as The Six
Day War Israel seizes the West Bank the
Gaza Strip and the Golden Heights Israel
then went on to occupy thousands of
kilometers of Palestinian territory
which the UN says is illegal this is
what we now refer to as the occupied
territories despite objections from the
International Community Israeli
civilians choose to live in the areas
for political and religious reasons or
for cheap
homes here's where a lot of conflict
happens as Palestinians are displaced we
are protesting and demonstrating
against in 2005 Israel withdrew from the
Gaza Strip a small coastal territory
home to 2.3 million people one of the
most densely populated places in the
world Israel controls the airspace and
the Sea and it controls the crossings
used to ship most of the goods in out
the Crossing into Egypt is mainly used
by
people conditions for gazans under the
blockade are tough with an unemployment
rate of 50% as well as deteriorating
Health Systems and
infrastructure the group Hamas was
formed in the late 1980s as frustrations
grew hamas's goal is dedicated to
Israel's destruction and it's been
designated a terrorist group by many
countries including
Australia Hamas which has a militant
wing and a political arm won Democratic
elections in 2006 but wouldn't renounce
violence against Israel and was isolated
by the International Community it ceased
control of Gaza a year later and while
Israel withdrew from Gaza it continues
to occupy the West Bank this means the
Israeli Army is the ultimate Authority
in the West Bank the 3 million
Palestinians there and the 2.3 million
in Gaza
do not want an Israeli occupation or a
blockade another point of contention is
Jerusalem it's home to holy sites from
three major religions Judaism
Christianity and Islam clashes in the
region often escalate around major
religious holidays like the Jewish
holiday of yam Kapur or
Ramadan this is a region that's face
tension for years but these attacks show
things could escalate even further
ch
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