Peristiwa Kimia di Sekitar Kita , Kimia kelas 10 semester 1 kurikulum merdeka

Summary

This chemistry channel video explores everyday chemical events, starting with the definition of chemistry as the study of matter and its changes. It delves into three key examples: combustion, including perfect and imperfect burning of wood; rusting of iron, a reaction with oxygen and water forming iron oxide; and photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert CO2 and H2O into glucose and oxygen, essential for life. The video promises to continue these discussions in future episodes, encouraging viewers to stay engaged and learn more about the chemistry around them.

Takeaways

• 🧪 Chemistry is the science that studies matter and its changes, focusing on composition, structure, and properties of substances.
• 🔍 The study of chemistry includes understanding the time aspect and energy changes during chemical reactions, such as whether they require or release energy.
• 🔥 Combustion is a chemical process where substances react with oxygen, exemplified by the burning of wood which reacts with oxygen from the air to produce heat.
• 🌲 Complete combustion of wood results in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O), while incomplete combustion may also produce carbon monoxide (CO) and soot (carbon, C).
• 🍂 Rusting, or the oxidation of iron, occurs when iron reacts with oxygen in the air or with water, forming a new compound known as iron oxide (Fe2O3, with variable water content).
• 🌳 Photosynthesis is a chemical process in green plants where carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are converted into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2), using sunlight.
• 🌿 The balance of elements in a chemical reaction, such as in photosynthesis, must be equal for the reaction to be correctly represented.
• 🌱 Photosynthesis is crucial for life as it produces oxygen, which is essential for respiration, and glucose, which is a source of energy.
• 🌤️ The script highlights the importance of chemistry in everyday life, with chemical events often occurring around us without our immediate awareness.
• 📚 The video script serves as an educational resource, aiming to continue exploring further chemical events in subsequent videos.
• 🕌 The video concludes with a traditional greeting, emphasizing the cultural context of the presentation.

Q & A

What is the definition of chemistry according to the script?

Chemistry is defined as the science that studies two main things: matter and changes in matter. It can be simply stated as the science of studying substances and the changes they undergo.

What are the aspects of matter that chemistry focuses on?

Chemistry focuses on the composition, structure, and properties of matter.

What are the types of changes in matter that chemistry studies?

Chemistry studies changes in matter in terms of time (speed of chemical reactions) and energy (whether the event requires or releases energy).

Why is chemistry important in our daily lives?

Chemistry plays a crucial role in our daily lives as it helps us understand various chemical events that we may not be aware of and those that we are aware of.

What is the first chemical event discussed in the script?

The first chemical event discussed is combustion, specifically the burning of wood.

What is the chemical reaction of wood burning?

Wood burning is a reaction between wood and oxygen in the air, producing heat.

What are the products of complete and incomplete combustion of wood?

Complete combustion produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O), while incomplete combustion produces carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), water vapor (H2O), and carbon (C), also known as soot.

What is the chemical formula for rust formed when iron reacts with oxygen and water?

The chemical formula for rust is Fe2O3 xH2O.

What is the chemical process of photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where plants convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) using sunlight.

How does the oxygen produced in photosynthesis relate to human respiration?

The oxygen produced in photosynthesis is essential for human respiration, as it is the oxygen we inhale when we breathe.

What is the chemical formula for glucose produced in photosynthesis?

The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6.

Outlines

00:00

🔥 Chemistry of Combustion

This paragraph introduces the concept of chemistry as the study of matter and its changes. It focuses on the example of combustion, a chemical process where wood reacts with oxygen from the air, producing heat. The paragraph explains the difference between perfect and imperfect combustion, detailing the chemical reactions and products such as carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), carbon monoxide (CO), and soot (C). The importance of understanding these chemical events in our daily life is emphasized.

05:01

🌱 Rusting of Iron and Photosynthesis

This paragraph discusses two additional chemical processes: the rusting of iron and photosynthesis. The rusting of iron is described as a reaction between iron and oxygen in the air, resulting in a new compound known as iron(III) oxide-hydroxide (Fe2O3·xH2O), commonly referred to as rust. The paragraph then moves on to photosynthesis, a chemical process in green plants that converts carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). The significance of photosynthesis in producing oxygen, which is essential for respiration, is highlighted.

Keywords

💡Chemistry

Chemistry is defined as the science that studies the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes. In the context of the video, it is the overarching theme, as the script discusses various chemical events occurring around us, such as combustion and rusting, which are essential to understanding the subject matter.

💡Combustion

Combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs between a fuel and an oxidizing agent, producing heat and light. The video script uses combustion as an example of a chemical event, specifically mentioning the burning of wood which reacts with oxygen in the air to produce heat, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water vapor (H2O).

💡Oxygen

Oxygen, with the chemical formula O2, is a key component in many chemical reactions, including combustion. The script illustrates its role in the burning of wood, where it reacts with the wood to produce the heat and light observed in a fire.

💡Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound consisting of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. In the video script, it is mentioned as a product of both complete and incomplete combustion processes, highlighting its importance in understanding environmental impacts and the carbon cycle.

💡Water Vapor (H2O)

Water vapor is the gaseous state of water and is a product of combustion. The script mentions it as one of the outcomes of the combustion of wood, emphasizing the transformation of matter during chemical reactions.

💡Complete Combustion

Complete combustion is a type of combustion where the fuel is burned completely, producing carbon dioxide and water vapor as primary products. The script contrasts this with incomplete combustion, which yields different byproducts.

💡Incomplete Combustion

Incomplete combustion occurs when there is not enough oxygen for the fuel to burn completely, resulting in the production of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon (C), and possibly other substances. The script uses this concept to explain the formation of soot or 'sooty smoke', which is a byproduct of incomplete combustion.

💡Rusting

Rusting is the process of iron or its alloys corroding due to oxidation in the presence of oxygen and moisture. The script describes rusting as a chemical event where iron reacts with oxygen in the air to form iron oxide, commonly known as rust.

💡Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Iron oxide, with the chemical formula Fe2O3, is a compound formed when iron reacts with oxygen. The script refers to it as 'rust', which is a reddish-brown compound that forms on the surface of iron and steel when exposed to oxygen and moisture.

💡Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight. The script explains this as a crucial chemical process that not only produces oxygen for respiration but also plays a vital role in the carbon cycle.

💡Glucose (C6H12O6)

Glucose is a simple sugar that serves as the primary source of energy for cellular activities in living organisms. In the context of the video, it is mentioned as a product of photosynthesis, illustrating the conversion of carbon dioxide into a form that can be used by plants and animals.

Highlights

Introduction to the chemistry channel, focusing on chemical events around us.

Definition of chemistry as the science of studying matter and its changes.

Chemistry explores the composition, structure, and properties of substances.

Study of chemical reactions includes the speed of reactions and energy changes.

Chemistry's crucial role in everyday life and its unnoticed chemical events.

Explanation of combustion as a chemical event with oxygen from the air.

Combustion of wood as an example, producing heat due to the reaction with oxygen.

Differentiating between complete and incomplete combustion and their products.

Complete combustion results in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O).

Incomplete combustion leads to carbon monoxide (CO), carbon (C), and other byproducts.

Rust formation on iron as a chemical reaction with oxygen and water.

Chemical formula of rust, Fe2O3 xH2O, and its formation process.

Introduction to the process of photosynthesis as a vital chemical event in plants.

Photosynthesis involves the conversion of CO2 and H2O into glucose and oxygen.

The balance of elements in chemical reactions for photosynthesis.

Importance of oxygen produced by photosynthesis for respiration.

Glucose, C6H12O6, as an essential product of photosynthesis.

Encouragement to continue learning chemistry with enthusiasm.

Closing remarks with a thank you and a traditional Islamic greeting.

Transcripts

[Musik] asalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh kembali lagi di channel cerdas kimia di video kali ini kita akan

membahas mengenai peristiwa kimia yang ada di sekitar kita namun teman-teman

Sebelum kita belajar mengenai beberapa peristiwa kimia yang ada di sekitar kita

kita ingat dulu nih Apa arti dari kimia kimia adalah ilmu yang mempelajari

sebenarnya dua hal aja teman-teman yaitu materi dan juga perubahan materi itu

sendiri Jadi boleh kita Artikan secara sederhana bahwa kimia itu adalah ilmu

yang mempelajari tentang materi atau zat ya dan perubahan materi itu materi yang

dipelajari itu antara lain ada dari segi komposisi materi tersebut

Kemudian dari segi struktur materi tersebut atau struktur zat tersebut dan

juga dari segi sifat zat tersebut Kemudian untuk perubahan materi

nanti yang dipelajari di kimia beberapa hal di antaranya adalah dari segi waktu

atau ee cepat lambatnya peristiwa kimia atau reaksi kimia itu terjadi dan juga

dari perubahan materi yang dipelajari adalah energi Jadi apakah suatu

peristiwa itu membutuhkan energi atau melepaskan energi itu semuanya

dipelajari di dalam ilmu kimia sebenarnya teman-teman kimia itu

memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan kita nah dalam kehidupan

sehari-hari terdapat beberapa peristiwa kimia yang mungkin tidak kita sadari

atau ada juga yang mungkin kita sadari nah Apa saja sih peristiwa kimia yang

ada di sekitar kita kita akan pelajari bersama

oke yang pertama adalah pembakaran peristiwa pembakaran

Nah di sini contohnya adalah pembakaran kayu kayu yang dibakar itu artinya kayu

itu bereaksi dengan oksigen dari udara sekitar teman-teman Jadi kalau boleh

dituliskan maka Kak kayu ketika mengalami pembakaran maka dia ini akan

bereaksi dengan oksigen dari udara luar nah oksigen itu

rumus kimianya O2 ya teman-teman Nah proses dari pembakaran ini akan

menghasilkan panas teman-teman Makanya kalau kita berada di dekat kayu yang

terbakar itu terasa panas kemudian teman-teman kalau kita bisa secara

pembakaran dalam hal ini adalah ee pembakaran kayu maka ada dua jenis

pembakaran teman-teman yang pertama adalah Pembakaran

sempurna dan yang kedua adalah pembakaran yang tidak

sempurna untuk Pembakaran sempurna Ini hasilnya

adalah CO2 atau karbon dioksida dan uap air teman-teman uap air air itu rumusnya

H2O Kemudian untuk pembakaran yang tidak sempurna hasilnya itu diantaranya adalah

karbon dioksida rumus kimianya CO2 kemudian karbon monoksida rumus kimianya

adalah co kemudian ada uap air juga rumus kimianya h2o dan juga ada karbon

atau rumus kimianya adalah C nah ini karbon atau C ini kita kenal sebagai

jelaga teman-teman ya jelaga jadi dihasilkan dari asap dan biasanya

berwarna hitam itu rumus kimianya adalah karbon

Oke ini adalah peristiwa kimia yang pertama contoh yang kedua yaitu adalah

nah ini jelas sekali ya gambar besi yang berkarat atau boleh kita sebut sebagai

perkaratan besi Mengapa sih besi itu bisa berkarat jadi teman-teman besi itu

bisa berkarat karena besi ini bereaksi dengan oksigen yang ada di

udara atau bereaksi dengan air yang ada di sekitarnya nah ketika besi bereaksi

dengan oksigen di udara itu akan membentuk senyawa baru yang kita kenal

sebagai karat besi nah karat besi ini Rumus kimianya adalah

fe2o3

xh2o ini kita sebut sebagai karat besi Nah tadi dihasilkan dari reaksi antara

besi dengan oksigen ya besi itu rumus ee kimianya adalah Fe ya

teman-teman makanya ketika dia bereaksi dengan oksigen membentuk ini tadi karat

yang rumus kimianya adalah fe2o3 xh2 2 nah ini adalah contoh peristiwa kimia

yang kedua kemudian kita akan beralih ke contoh peristiwa kimia

lainnya yang ketiga yaitu peristiwa fotosintesis nah Kita tahu bersama bahwa

yang namanya peristiwa fotosintesis itu terjadi pada tumbuhan hijau peristiwa

fotosintesis itu sebenarnya melibatkan suatu reaksi kimia teman-teman Nah pasti

teman-teman juga udah tahu ya jadi reaksi fotosintesis itu adalah CO2

+ambah dengan H2O menghasilkan

C6H12O6 dan juga O2 atau oksigen nah ini kalau dalam kimia itu unsur-unsur yang

bereaksi itu harus sama jumlahnya atau kita katakan setara maka reaksinya bisa

dituliskan seperti ini jadi teman-teman fotosintesis itu intinya adalah

pengolahan ee CO2 yang dihasilkan dari mungkin dari manusia ataupun dari

proses-proses yang ada di alam ini kemudian CO2 ini akan di olah oleh

tumbuhan yang nantinya adalah menghasilkan oksigen gitu nah oksigen

ini bisa kita hirup ketika kita bernafas selain oksigen hasil lain dari

fotosintesis kita sebut dengan glukosa teman-teman rumusnya adalah

C6H12O6 gitu Jadi kita bernafas itu karena adanya Oksigen yang dihasilkan

oleh tumbuhan melalui proses fotosintesis Di mana proses fotosintesis

ini merupakan suatu proses kimia jadi itu adalah beberapa contoh peristiwa

kimia yang ada di sekitar kita teman-teman sampai di sini dulu video

kita kali ini Insyaallah akan kita lanjutkan ke video-video selanjutnya

tetap semangat belajar Terima kasih dan wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh