BA 2nd semester geography prectical viva voce || general cartography practical viva ||
Summary
TLDRThis educational video is tailored for geography students preparing for their upcoming practical exams. It covers key topics such as the origin of the term 'map' from Latin, the difference between map and plan, and the types of maps based on scale. It also delves into the concept of representative fraction, the average radius of the Earth in centimeters, and the significance of the Prime Meridian. The video concludes with a discussion on the most useful projection for navigation, highlighting the importance of these concepts for students.
Takeaways
- 📚 The video is aimed at students preparing for geography practical exams in the second semester.
- 🗺️ The script includes important questions in general cartography that are frequently asked.
- 📜 The names of the two question papers in geography are 'Manav Bhugol' and 'General Cartography'.
- 🌐 The word 'map' originates from the Latin word 'mappa', which means cloth or napkin.
- 🌍 A map is a symbolic representation of the Earth or any celestial body, or part of it, on a flat surface according to scale.
- 🔍 The difference between a map and a line drawing is that a map is made according to scale, while a line drawing is made without using scale, based only on appearance.
- 📏 There are various types of maps made according to scale, such as 'bhusampada' and 'divali' or 'atlas' maps.
- 📐 The method of measuring a map is called 'map measurement', which is the distance between two points on the Earth's surface.
- 🔢 The full form of 'Arab' is 'Representative Fraction', which translates to 'Representative Different' or 'Display Different' in Hindi.
- 📏 In one kilometer, there are 100,000 centimeters, and other related measurements are also discussed, such as the number of hectometers in a kilometer, dekameter in a meter, and furlongs in a mile.
- 🌳 The script explains why oblique projection is called so, as it involves pulling and displaying small distances in an oblique manner.
- 🌍 The average radius of the Earth is approximately 63.5 million centimeters, or 25 million inches, for simplicity.
- 🧭 The main meridian, or prime meridian, is the 0-degree longitude line, also known as the Greenwich Meridian.
- 🛰️ For navigation, the most useful projection is the mercator projection, which is used for maps that cover large areas.
Q & A
What are the two types of question papers in the second semester of the Bachelor's First Year Geography practical exam?
-The two types of question papers are the one named 'Manav Bhugol' in Hindi, which is theoretical, and the other, which is entirely practical, is known as 'General Cartography'.
What is the origin of the word 'map' and what is its literal meaning in Latin?
-The word 'map' originates from the Latin word 'mappa', which literally means 'cloth' or 'napkin' in Latin, highlighting its importance as a representation of the world.
What is the definition of a 'map' in the context of geography?
-A map is a symbolic representation of the earth or any celestial body, or part of it, on a flat surface according to certain scales and measurements.
What is the difference between a map and a line drawing?
-A map is always made according to measurements, while a line drawing is created without the use of measurements and is based solely on visual representation.
How many types of maps are there according to the method of mapping?
-There are various types of maps depending on the method of mapping, such as 'bhusampada' and 'divali' or 'atlas' maps.
What is the principle of measuring a map called?
-The principle of measuring a map is called 'chhati doori', which is the distance between two points on the surface of the map.
What is the full form of 'Arab' in the context of geography?
-The full form of 'Arab' in geography is 'Representative Fraction', which in Hindi is known as 'Nirupak Bhinn' or 'Pradarshan Bhinn'.
How many centimeters are there in a kilometer?
-There are 100,000 centimeters in a kilometer.
What is the average radius of the Earth in centimeters?
-The average radius of the Earth is approximately 63.5 million centimeters, which is simplified for calculations.
What is the main meridian called, and what does 'meridian' mean in this context?
-The main meridian is called the Prime Meridian or the Greenwich Meridian, which is the 0-degree longitude line.
Which projection is considered most useful for navigation?
-For navigation, the most useful map projection is the Mercator projection, which is oriented towards the west.
Outlines
📚 Geography Viva Preparation for BA First Year Students
This video is tailored for students who are either currently in or will soon be appearing for the Geography practical viva in their second semester of BA First Year. It provides an overview of important questions related to general cartography that are frequently asked in the viva. The video begins by discussing the names of the two question papers in the Geography subject for the second semester. The first paper is Human Geography, and the second is entirely practical, known as General Cartography.
🗺️ Origin of the Word 'Map'
The second key question addressed in the video relates to the origin of the word 'map'. It is derived from the Latin word 'mappa', which literally means 'cloth' in Latin. The importance of understanding the origin of terms used in geography is emphasized here.
🌍 What is a Map?
This section provides a detailed explanation of what a map is. A map is defined as a symbolic representation of the entire Earth or a part of it, projected on a flat surface according to a scale. This question is fundamental in geography and is often asked in vivas.
📏 Difference Between a Map and a Sketch
The video moves on to discuss the difference between a map and a sketch. The main distinction is that a map is always drawn according to a scale, while a sketch is drawn based on observation without the use of a scale. This difference is crucial in understanding the precision required in cartography.
📐 Types of Maps Based on Scale
Here, the video explains the types of maps classified by scale. The discussion includes various examples like topographical maps and atlas maps. Additionally, the concept of scale in mapping is elaborated, which is essential for accurate representation.
🔢 Understanding Representative Fraction (RF)
This section explains the full form of 'RF' as 'Representative Fraction'. RF is a crucial concept in cartography, known in Hindi as 'Nirupak Bhinn' or 'Pradarshan Bhinn'. Understanding RF is vital for interpreting map scales and measurements.
📏 Conversion Questions Related to Measurements
The video also covers some essential conversion-related questions, such as the number of centimeters in a kilometer (100,000 cm). It also touches upon related questions like the number of hectometers in a kilometer and the number of decameters in a hectometer. These conversions are key for accurate geographic measurements.
📐 Diagonal Measurement Explained
The concept of diagonal measurement is discussed next. The video explains that diagonal measurements involve drawing a diagonal line to represent shorter distances in diagrams. This method is commonly used in practical geography to measure smaller distances accurately.
🌍 Earth's Average Diameter
This section discusses the average diameter of the Earth, which is 63,367,750 cm in reality, but for simplicity, it is considered 63,350,000 cm. This measurement is also converted to inches, where it equals 25 million inches. Understanding the Earth's dimensions is crucial for geographic calculations.
🌐 What is the Prime Meridian?
The video then defines the Prime Meridian, also known as the 'Greenwich Meridian'. It is the 0-degree longitude line and is used as a reference point for measuring longitudes across the globe. This concept is fundamental in both theoretical and practical geography.
🚢 Best Projection for Navigation
The final important question discussed is about the most useful projection for navigation. The video identifies the Mercator projection as the most beneficial for navigation purposes, due to its ability to represent direction accurately. This projection is commonly used in maritime navigation.
📘 Conclusion and Further Learning
The video concludes by encouraging students to stay tuned for more valuable information in future videos. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these fundamental concepts for success in geography practicals and vivas.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Geography
💡Cartography
💡Human Geography
💡Map
💡Topographic Map
💡Scale
💡Projection
💡Latitude and Longitude
💡Unit of Measurement
💡Representative Fraction
💡Earth's Radius
💡Prime Meridian
💡Nautical Chart
Highlights
This video is for geography students preparing for their upcoming practical exams.
Includes important questions on general cartography that are frequently asked.
The names of the two question papers for the second semester of geography are discussed.
The first question paper is called 'Human Geography' in Hindi.
The second question paper, which is entirely practical, is known as 'General Cartography'.
The origin of the word 'map' is traced back to the Latin word for cloth.
A map is defined as a representation of any geographical location or its part on a flat surface according to measurements.
The difference between a map and a line drawing is explained.
A map is always made according to measurements, while a line drawing is not.
There are various types of maps based on measurements, such as 'bhusampada' and 'manachitra'.
The method of map measurement is based on the distance between two points on the Earth's surface.
The full form of 'Arab' is 'Representative Fraction' in Hindi, which means 'Representative Different' or 'Display Different'.
It is mentioned that there are 100,000 centimeters in a kilometer.
Other related important questions about measurements are listed, such as hectares, decameters, and furlongs.
The term 'distorted mapping' is explained, referring to the representation of small distances in a distorted manner.
The Earth's average radius is discussed, with calculations provided for simplicity.
The concept of 'prime meridian' is introduced, which is the 0-degree longitude line also known as the Greenwich Meridian.
The most useful projection for navigation is discussed, highlighting the mercator projection.
Transcripts
साथियों आज का यह वीडियो भूगोल विषय के उन
विद्यार्थियों के लिए है जो की हाल ही में
या आगामी समय में बा फर्स्ट ईयर के सेकंड
सेमेस्टर में भूगोल प्रैक्टिकल का विवा
देने वाले हैं इस वीडियो में जनरल
कार्टोग्राफी के उन महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्नों
को सम्मिलित किया गया है जो की वर्तमान
समय में एक जानवर द्वारा अक्सर पूछे जा
रहे हैं तो लिए देरी ना करते हुए शुरुआत
करते हैं पहले प्रश्न की पहला प्रश्न है
बा सेकंड सेमेस्टर के भूगोल विषय के दोनों
प्रश्न पत्रों के नाम बताइए तो यह प्रश्न
जो है अक्सर जो है पूछा ही जाता है तो
दोनों प्रश्न पत्रों में जो पहला प्रश्न
पत्र आपका है उसका नाम है जिसे हिंदी में
मानव भूगोल कहते हैं और दूसरा जो प्रश्न
पत्र है जो की पूर्ण रूप से प्रैक्टिकल है
जिसे जनरल कार्टोग्राफी के नाम से जाना
जाता है
दूसरा महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न है मैप शब्द की
उत्पत्ति लैटिन भाषा के किस शब्द से मणि
जाती है तो मैप शब्द की उत्पत्ति जो है
लैटिन भाषा के मैप शब्द से हुई है और
मप्पा का शाब्दिक अर्थ जो है लैटिन भाषा
में कपड़े का महत्वपूर्ण होता है
तीसरा प्रश्न है मानचित्र किसे कहते हैं
तो इसका उत्तर हो जाएगा पृथ्वी सहित किसी
भी खगोलीय पिंड अथवा उसके किसी भाग का
मापने के अनुसार समतल सतह पर प्रतीकात्मक
निरूपण जो होता है वो मानचित्र कहलाता है
अगला महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न है मानचित्र एवं
रेखाचित्र में क्या अंतर है बहुत ही
महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न अक्सर ये पूछा जाता है
तो इसका उत्तर होगा मानचित्र सदैव मापनी
के अनुसार बनाया जाता है जबकि रेखा चित्रा
जो होता है उसमें मापने का प्रयोग नहीं
किया जाता है केवल हनुमान से ही बनाया
जाता है अगला महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न है मापने
के अनुसार मानचित्र कितने प्रकार के होते
हैं तो मापने के अनुसार मानचित्र
जैसे की bhusampada एवं मानचित्र
जैसे की दिवाली या एटलस मानचित्र
के मापने का सूत्र क्या होता है तो
मानचित्र की मापनी का जो सूत्र होता है
बाते धरातल पर उन्हें दो बिंदुओं के बीच
की छाती दूरी जो होता है उसको मानचित्र की
मापनी कहा जाता है
अगला महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न अरब का पूर्ण रूप
क्या होता है तो इसका पूर्ण रूप होता है
रिप्रेजेंटेटिव फ्रैक्शन जिसे हिंदी में
निरूपक भिन्न अथवा प्रदर्शन भिन्न कहा
जाता है अगला महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न है एक
किलोमीटर में कितने सेंटीमीटर होते हैं तो
1 किलोमीटर में हमारे एक लाख सेमी होते
हैं इसके साथ ही साथ कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण
प्रश्न इससे रिलेटेड हैं जिसका पेज हमने
साइड में लगाया हुआ है जैसे 1 किलोमीटर
में कितने हेक्टोमीटर होते हैं एक हेक्टर
मीटर में कितने डेका मीटर होते हैं या एक
मिल में कितने पोलंग होते हैं तो ये सारे
जो है आपको सही से याद कर लेने हैं
बहुत इंपॉर्टेंट है की विकर्ण मापने को इस
नाम से क्यों पुकारा जाता है
तो इसका उत्तर है की विकर्ण मापने में
छोटी-छोटी दूरियों को जैसा की चित्रा में
हमने दिखाया हुआ है विकर्ण खींचकर प्रकट
करते हैं इसीलिए विकर्ण मापने कहा जाता है
अगला प्रश्न है पृथ्वी का औसत ardhvyas
कितने सेंटीमीटर है तो पृथ्वी का औसत
अर्थव्यवस्था जो है वो रियल में है 63
करोड़ 67 लाख 75000
सेंटीमीटर गणना के सरलता के लिए जो है 63
करोड़ 50 लाख सेमी माना गया है या इसे अगर
इंच में देखें तो 25 करोड़ इंच होता है
अगला महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न है प्रमुख
याम्योत्तर किसे कहते हैं याम्योत्तर का
मतलब देशांतर रेखा से होता है तो प्रमुख
याम्योत्तर रेखा जो होती है वो जीरो
डिग्री की देशांतर रेखा होती है इसे
ग्रीनवे या प्रधान देशांतर रेखा के नाम से
भी जाना जाता है अगला और लास्ट महत्वपूर्ण
प्रश्न है नव संचालन के लिए कौन सा
प्रक्षेप सबसे अधिक उपयोगी माना जाता है
तो जो नव संचालन होता है उसके लिए
सर्वाधिक उपयोगी जो मानचित्र होता है सॉरी
प्रक्षेप जो होता है वह हमारा मर्केटर
पश्चिम होता है तो आज के इस वीडियो में
इतना ही मिलते हैं अगले वीडियो में कुछ
अन्य महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी के लिए धन्यवाद
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