Ini Yang Terjadi Jika Indonesia Jadi Negara Federasi
Summary
TLDRThe video script discusses the historical possibility of Indonesia as a federal state, referencing Sultan Hamid II's advocacy for a federation similar to the United States. It delves into the brief period from 1949 to 1950 when Indonesia was known as the Republic of the United States of Indonesia. The script explores the political dynamics of the time, including the influence of Dutch figures like Hubertus Johannes Van Mook, and the internal debates among Indonesian leaders and the Dutch. It raises speculative questions about what could have been if Indonesia remained a federation, suggesting potential parallels to the United States' federal system, including the strength of regional governments and the representation in a body similar to the U.S. Senate.
Takeaways
- 🕌 Sultan Hamid II apologized for the delay at the RI's 4th anniversary event in Amsterdam.
- 📜 Sultan Hamid II is known as 'The Federalist' and played a key role in advocating for a federal Indonesia.
- 🇮🇩 Indonesia was briefly a federal state called the Republic of the United States of Indonesia from 1949 to 1950.
- ⚔️ The federal structure was partly influenced by the Dutch and aimed at maintaining Dutch influence in Indonesia.
- 📖 Sultan Hamid II was involved in the APRA rebellion, which had ties to Dutch interests in maintaining control over Indonesia.
- 🤝 The concept of a federal Indonesia included 15 states, such as East Sumatra, East Indonesia, and Madura.
- 🏛️ The federal structure was proposed by Hubertus Johannes Van Mook, the Dutch Lieutenant Governor-General.
- 💬 The idea faced opposition both within Indonesia and among the Dutch, leading to the formation of the BFO (Federal Consultative Assembly).
- 🇺🇸 A hypothetical continuation of a federal Indonesia suggests potential fragmentation or a structure similar to the USA.
- 📚 The federal model was seen as a temporary measure to gain sovereignty, later transitioning to a unitary state for stronger unity.
Q & A
Who was Sultan Hamid 2 and what was his role in the early struggle for Indonesian independence?
-Sultan Hamid 2 was a significant figure in the early struggle for Indonesian independence, known by the nickname 'The Federalist.' He was one of the individuals who fought for the formation of Indonesia as a federal state, similar to the federal model of the United States of America.
What was the term used to describe Indonesia between 1949 and 1950?
-During the period between 1949 and 1950, Indonesia was known as a federal state called the 'Republic of the United States of Indonesia' or 'Republik Indonesia Serikat' in Indonesian.
What was the significance of the 'Republic of the United States of Indonesia' in the country's history?
-The 'Republic of the United States of Indonesia' represented a period where the country was structured as a federation, which was an important phase in the struggle for sovereignty and recognition from the Dutch.
What was the role of Hubertus Johannes van Mook in the formation of the federal state of Indonesia?
-Hubertus Johannes van Mook, a Lieutenant Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies during the Indonesian independence struggle, was one of the proponents of the federal state of Indonesia. He was instrumental in spreading the idea of federalism and was involved in the formation of several autonomous regions within the federal state.
What was the 'Federale Regering' and how did it relate to the federal state of Indonesia?
-The 'Federale Regering' was a proposed federal government for the federal state of Indonesia. It was part of the negotiations and discussions during the transition period known as the 'Era of the Puppet States' by the Dutch.
What was the 'BFO' and its significance in the formation of the federal state of Indonesia?
-The 'BFO' or 'Majelis Permusyawaratan Federal' was a Federal Consultative Assembly that represented the desire to establish a federal Indonesia. It played a crucial role in negotiations with the Dutch and was considered a key part of the discussions leading to the formation of the federal state.
What was the 'Konferensi Meja Bundar' and its role in the political landscape of Indonesia?
-The 'Konferensi Meja Bundar' or the Round Table Conference was a significant meeting where representatives from the Republic of Indonesia, the Dutch government, and the BFO negotiated the future of the country, eventually leading to the establishment of the federal state of Indonesia.
What were the potential consequences if Indonesia had remained a federal state?
-If Indonesia had remained a federal state, it could have led to a stronger decentralization of power, with provinces or states having significant authority. However, it might also have increased the risk of separatism, with some regions potentially choosing to become independent states.
How did the idea of a federal Indonesia compare to the actual formation of the United States of America?
-The idea of a federal Indonesia was influenced by the model of the United States of America, with a balance of power between the national government and state governments. However, the formation of the federal state in Indonesia was a result of Dutch colonial influence and negotiations, rather than a unified national desire from the outset.
What was the 'Republik Indonesia Serikat' and its constitutional status?
-The 'Republik Indonesia Serikat' or the United States of Indonesia was a federal state with its own constitution. It was a transitional form of government before Indonesia became a unitary state.
What are some of the key figures mentioned in the script who were involved in the discussions about the federal state of Indonesia?
-Key figures mentioned in the script include Sultan Hamid 2, Bung Hatta, Solichin Salam, and Hubertus Johannes van Mook, all of whom played significant roles in the discussions and formation of the federal state of Indonesia.
Outlines
📜 Historical Reflection on Indonesia's Federal Past
The script begins with an apology for the late introduction and references Sultan Hamid II's speech during the 4th Indonesian Independence Day celebration. It revisits the historical figure known as 'The Federalist,' who advocated for a federal model similar to the United States of America. The video script delves into the period between 1949 and 1950 when Indonesia briefly became a federation called the Republic of the United States of Indonesia. It touches on the complex political dynamics of the time, including the Dutch's intent to maintain influence and the involvement of figures like Westerling and Pangeran Bernard. The script also mentions the APRA rebellion and the political maneuvering that led to the establishment of a unitary state on August 17, 1950. It invites viewers to consider the hypothetical scenario of Indonesia remaining a federal state and its potential implications.
🌐 The Debate on Indonesia's Federal Structure
This paragraph continues the historical narrative, discussing the idea of Indonesia as a federation, which was a concept supported by various Indonesian groups and the Dutch. It mentions key figures like Bung Hatta and Hubertus Johannes Van Mook, who played significant roles in promoting the federal model. The paragraph outlines the formation of autonomous regions and the establishment of the Federal Government, which was a temporary measure during the Dutch-Indonesian negotiations. It also describes the Round Table Conference, which included representatives from the Republic of Indonesia, the Dutch government, and the Federal Consultative Assembly (BFO). The script speculates on the potential outcomes if Indonesia had continued as a federation, including the possibility of stronger regional governments and the challenges of maintaining unity amidst diverse regional development levels. It concludes with a call for viewers to share their thoughts on whether a federal system would have been better for Indonesia.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Sultan Hamid II
💡Federalism
💡Republic of the United States of Indonesia
💡Historical Context
💡Dutch Colonial Influence
💡Pangeran Bernard
💡Hubertus Johannes Van Mook
💡BFO (Federal Consultative Assembly)
💡Round Table Conference
💡Unitary State
💡Pertamina
Highlights
Sultan Hamid 2, known as The Federalist, was a key figure in the early struggle for Indonesian independence, advocating for a federal state similar to the United States.
Between 1949 and 1950, Indonesia briefly became a federation called the Republic of the United States of Indonesia, before becoming a unitary state in 1950.
The idea of a federal Indonesia was influenced by both Indonesian and Dutch perspectives, with figures like Bung Hatta and Sultan Hamid 2 supporting the model.
Hubertus Johannes Van Mook, a Lieutenant Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, was one of the proponents of the federal state idea for Indonesia.
Van Mook proposed the formation of a federal government, which led to the establishment of autonomous regions within the proposed federation, such as East Indonesia and others.
The Round Table Conference included representatives from the Republic of Indonesia, the Dutch government, and the Federal Consultative Assembly (BFO), which aimed to represent the desire for a federal Indonesia.
The BFO, which included 15 autonomous regions, was led by Sultan Hamid 2 at one point and laid the foundation for the United States of Indonesia.
The United States of Indonesia had its own constitution, but this ended with the formation of the unitary Republic of Indonesia.
The formation of a federal state was seen as a way to gain international recognition and sovereignty before potentially transitioning to a unitary state for stronger unity.
If Indonesia had remained a federation, the regions might have had more autonomy, similar to the states in the United States, with a stronger DPD (Regional Representative Council).
The potential for regions to develop differently under a federal system is noted, with some possibly becoming more advanced than others.
The federal model in the United States was formed to balance national and state government power, which may differ from Indonesia's situation where regions were shaped by Dutch colonialism.
The success of any state form depends on the society and leadership, with infrastructure and power distribution being key factors for effectiveness.
The video invites viewers to consider whether a federal system would be better for Indonesia and to share their opinions.
The video encourages viewers to subscribe, join as members for exclusive content, and purchase books from the mentioned publishing house.
The video concludes with a reminder for viewers to follow health protocols, wash their hands, and engage with the content by liking, subscribing, and turning on notifications.
Transcripts
saudara dan saudara-saudari sekalian
saya minta maaf bahwa
kenalan saya sekarang Mbok pada waktu
malam ini terlambat
ini dengan
berhubung dengan perjanjian yang lain
itu tadi adalah kata-kata Sultan Hamid 2
dalam sambutannya saat peringatan HUT RI
ke-4 yang dilaksanakan di Minerva
Paviliun Amsterdam kisah tentang Sultan
Hamid 2 ini kita telah bahas di video
sejarah Sultan Hamid 2 ya Jadi kalau
kalian belum menontonnya Jangan lupa
untuk cek videonya juga
anyway seperti yang sudah kita ketahui
Sultan Hamid 2 dikenal dengan julukan
The federalis Ia adalah salah satu tokoh
Indonesia diawal-awal Perjuangan
kemerdekaan negara ini yang berjuang
bagi terbentuknya Indonesia sebagai
sebuah negara federal mirip-mirip lah
dengan model negara federasinya Amerika
Serikat
Kyuhyun menariknya kalau kalian
buka-buka buku Sejarah Indonesia antara
tahun 1949 sampai 1950 Indonesia sempat
menjadi sebuah negara federasi bernama
Republik Indonesia Serikat alias
Republic of the United States of
Indonesia keren juga ya kalo disingkat
jadi usai usai well berat dinamakannya
makanya usai usai dalam tujuh bulan agar
rezeki
anyway keberadaan Russian Federal ini
memang merupakan salah satu poin penting
terkait perjuangan untuk mendapatkan
pengakuan kedaulatan
apalagi Belanda tampaknya memang
bermaksud untuk tetap mengukuhkan
pengaruhnya di Bumi Pertiwi lewat riset
ini
sesf assure dalam bukunya Yuliana and
bear bahkan menyinggung soal
pemberontakan Angkatan Perang Ratu Adil
alias APRA yang digalakkan Westerling
dan ada Sultan Hamid 2 juga di
belakangnya ya yang disebut-sebut punya
kaitan dengan keinginan Pangeran Bernard
suami dari Ratu Yuliana yang ingin
berkuasa sebagai owner kuning atau Raja
bawahan yang berkuasa atas Nusantara
artinya bentuk federasi adalah salah
satu jalan menuju pengukuhan pengaruh
itu tonton juga ya di video sejarah
pradhan Westerling yang pinterpolitik
pernah bikin
risk kemudian berakhir pada 17 Agustus
1950 dan Indonesia berubah menjadi
sebuah negara kesatuan nah tapi Pernah
gak sih kalian bertanya-tanya apa yang
bakalan terjadi ya kalau Indonesia Tetap
Bertahan sebagai sebuah negara federal
Apakah kita akan lebih baik atau lebih
buruk dari kondisi saat ini
I have sebelum mulai jangan lupa
subscribe dulu ya Kalian juga bisa
mendaftar jadi member pintarpolitik dan
dapatkan konten konten eksklusif dengan
Klik tombol join di bawah ini ya dan
buat yang berminat untuk membeli Ibu
pintar politik jangan lupa kunjungi
tokopinter publishing di Tokopedia
Bukalapak Sophie dan semua toko online
lain favorit kalian link selengkapnya
juga bisa kalian cek di kolom deskripsi
betul video Let's find out on the dash
gagasan tentang Indonesia sebagai sebuah
negara federasi sebetulnya merupakan
kombinasi ide dari beberapa kelompok
orang Indonesia dengan orang-orang dari
Belanda sendiri dihubungi Indonesia
selain Sultan Hamid 2 Bung Hatta
disebut-sebut sebagai orang yang setuju
dengan model federasi ini ini misalnya
diungkapkan oleh solichin salam dalam
bukunya soekarno-hatta ketika ia
mengutip pernyataan
Hai
sementara dikubu Belanda hubertus
Johannes Van Mook yang merupakan Letnan
Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda di
tahun-tahun perjuangan kemerdekaan
Indonesia adalah salah satu penggagas
ide negara federasi Indonesia ia menjadi
salah satu orang yang menyebarkan
gagasan federalisme ini benturan juga
terjadi di antara orang-orang Belanda
sendiri karena banyak juga yang
menentang Van Mook dan menginginkan
Indonesia jadi bagian dari wilayah
persemakmuran Belanda
di eranya Van Mook ini beberapa bagian
dari negara federasi Indonesia terbentuk
misalnya Negara Indonesia Timur alias
night beberapa wilayah otonom lain yang
terbentuk juga adalah Sumatera Timur
Sumatera Selatan Jawa Tengah Pasundan
Jawa Timur Borneo Timur Borneo barat
Banjar Bangka dan Riau
Van Mook mengajukan pembentukan forum
pic federale regering alias pemerintah
federal sementara ini ra yang kalau di
buku sejarah zaman kita SD atau SMP dulu
disebut sebagai Era negara-negara boneka
Belanda namun gagasan Van Mook Ini
menimbulkan perbedaan pandangan dan
kekecewaan sehingga beberapa toko macam
Ida Anak Agung Gede Agung menginisiasi
konferensi serupa yang kemudian
melahirkan biyen comments for Federal
overleg atau BFO alias Majelis
Permusyawaratan Federal
bau ini kemudian menjadi salah satu
ujung tombak perundingan dengan Belanda
bau dianggap sebagai representasi dari
keinginan pembentukan federasi Indonesia
makanya saat Konferensi Meja Bundar
pihak yang berunding ada tiga yakni
Republik Indonesia kerajaan Belanda dan
BFO sendiri
Hai bau ini beranggotakan lima belas
negara bagian bentukan Belanda Yes
wilayah kayak Madura jadi negara bagian
sendiri loh ini benderanya lalu ini list
negara-negara anggota before before
sendiri juga sempat dipimpin oleh Sultan
Hamid 2
nah before ini kemudian menjadi dasar
pembentukan Republik Indonesia Serikat
alias usai tadi sempat punya konstitusi
sendiri lo usai ini namun seiring
terbentuknya negara kesatuan Republik
Indonesia dengan sendirinya usai ini
berakhir Oke kembali ke pertanyaan
awalnya Lalu bagaimana kalau bentuk
federasi ini ternyata bisa bertahannya
well sebelum membahas berandai-andai
annya perlu dipahami bahwa kondisi
Indonesia saat itu memang Tengah
berusaha dipecah-pecah oleh Belanda agar
suara dan perjuangannya menjadi lemah
bagi para pejuang dan founding fathers
kita menyetujui untuk jadi negara
serikat sangat mungkin adalah
semata-mata demi mendapatkan pengakuan
kedaulatan biar berdaulat dulu Hai
kemudian ketika sudah aman baru deh
kembali dari negara serikat menjadi
negara kesatuan yang jelas negara
kesatuan tentu akan lebih kuat ikatannya
sehingga tidak mudah digoyang oleh
pengaruh dari luar Jadi kalau Indonesia
saat itu tetap menjadi negara serikat
besar kemungkinan perpecahan akan jauh
lebih besar efeknya negara-negara bagian
bisa saja akan memilih menjadi negara
merdeka maka Republik Madura Katakanlah
atau yang lainnya bisa saja terbentuk
sementara kalau kita mengabaikan
faktor-faktor itu dan mengandaikan bahwa
Indonesia tetap utuh dan tidak ada
masalah soal bentuk federasi ini maka
sangat mungkin kita akan menjadi seperti
Amerika Serikat sih pemerintah provinsi
atau negara bagian akan punya porsi
kekuasaan yang besar lalu keberadaan
Dewan Perwakilan Daerah alias DPD juga
akan semakin kuat sama kaya senat di
Amerika Serikat kemudian apakah
daerah-daerah akan jadi lebih maju well
itu tergantung juga kalau kebijakan yang
dibuatnya yang benar-benar mampu
menjawab masalah sangat mungkin bisa
maju namun perlu diingat juga bahwa
kondisi saat itu juga tidak semua daerah
sudah berkembang bagus masih banyak
daerah yang lebih Tertinggal
dibandingkan daerah yang lain well Kalau
yang ini sampai sekarang juga terjadi
sih
dari sisi hukum negara-negara bagian
juga bisa membuat hukum sendiri sesuai
kebutuhan mereka sama lah kaya di As
hanya saja yang perlu jadi catatan
adalah bahwa model federasi as terjadi
karena diawal negara itu terbentuk ada
keinginan untuk menyeimbangkan posisi
pemerintah nasional dan pemerintah
negara bagian Mungkin ini yang berbeda
dengan di Indonesia dimana negara bagian
di kita kala itu adalah hasil bentukan
Belanda
Hai intinya mau bentuk negara apapun
sebenarnya tergantung masyarakat dan
para pemimpinnya juga kalau federasi
tapi infrastruktur kekuasaannya
bobroknya sama aja demikianpun
sebaliknya
nah lalu Bagaimana menurut kalian Apakah
kalian masih berpikir bentuk federasi
lebih baik untuk Indonesia yang
Hai Berikan pendapatmu
Hai terima kasih telah menyaksikan video
ini jangan lupa untuk di rumah aja
patuhi protokol kesehatan dan Rajin
rajin cuci tangan kalian jika kalian
punya saran atau masukan untuk
konten-konten selanjutnya jangan lupa
untuk tinggalkan di kolom komentar di
bawah ini jangan lupa juga untuk like
subscribe dan Nyalakan lonceng
notifikasinya ya ikuti terus
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informasi seputar fenomena politik di
Indonesia bye
hai hai
hai hai
[Musik]
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