Dichiarazione Universale dei DIRITTI UMANI - Diritto in Breve

Summary

This video highlights the pivotal role of Eleanor Roosevelt in the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the UN in 1948. Following World War II, the document aimed to prevent atrocities like those seen in the Nazi regime. Roosevelt, alongside activist Hansa Mehta, advocated for women's rights and broader equality, leading to significant changes in the Declaration’s language. The Universal Declaration, now available in over 500 languages, enshrines fundamental human rights and is a historic testament to global commitment to human dignity and justice.

Takeaways

• 😀 Eleanor Roosevelt was the only female member of the United Nations Human Rights Commission and played a pivotal role in drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
• 😀 Human Rights Day is celebrated annually on December 10 to commemorate the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the UN in 1948.
• 😀 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was approved by 48 out of 58 UN member states in 1948, with no votes against and 10 abstentions.
• 😀 The aftermath of the two World Wars and the Nuremberg Trials created the urgency to establish a global framework for human rights to prevent future atrocities.
• 😀 Eleanor Roosevelt, after the death of her husband Franklin D. Roosevelt, became an influential advocate for human rights and was honored as the 'First Lady of the World'.
• 😀 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was described by Eleanor Roosevelt as the 'Magna Carta of humanity'.
• 😀 Hansa Mehta, an Indian activist, played a critical role in changing the language of the Declaration, advocating for 'all human beings are born free and equal' instead of 'the rights of man'.
• 😀 The Declaration is composed of a preamble and 30 articles, outlining fundamental human rights such as the right to freedom, equality, and protection from torture and discrimination.
• 😀 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights entered the Guinness World Records in 2009 as the most translated document in the world, available in over 500 languages.
• 😀 The Declaration marks the first time the international community recognized the inalienable rights of every human being, regardless of race, color, religion, sex, or nationality.

Q & A

Who was Eleanor Roosevelt and what was her role in the Commission on Human Rights?

Eleanor Roosevelt was the First Lady of the United States and the only female member of the Commission on Human Rights, a UN body established in 1946. She played a crucial role in drafting and promoting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Why is Human Rights Day celebrated on December 10?

Human Rights Day is celebrated on December 10 each year because, on this day in 1948, the United Nations adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Paris.

What was the outcome of the UN vote on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948?

Out of 58 member states, 48 voted in favor, 10 abstained, and no one voted against the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

What historical events influenced the need for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

The devastation caused by the two World Wars and the Nuremberg Trials against Nazi war criminals highlighted the need for an international framework to prevent such atrocities in the future, which led to the creation of the Universal Declaration.

How did Eleanor Roosevelt contribute to the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

Eleanor Roosevelt served as the driving force behind the creation and drafting of the Universal Declaration. She advocated for human rights and played a key role in ensuring the document's adoption, often referring to it as 'the Magna Carta of humanity.'

Who was Hansa Mehta and what was her contribution to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

Hansa Mehta was an Indian activist who contributed to the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by advocating for the use of inclusive language. She pointed out that the original phrasing, 'declaration of the rights of man,' could exclude women and successfully pushed for the revision to 'all human beings are born free and equal.'

Why was the phrase 'all human beings are born free and equal' significant in the Universal Declaration?

This phrase, influenced by the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen from 1789, was revolutionary for its emphasis on equality, particularly for women and minorities, in the context of human rights.

What are some of the key rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

The Declaration outlines numerous fundamental rights, including the right to life, liberty, and security; freedom from torture or inhuman treatment; the right to a fair trial; and equality before the law, among others.

Why is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights historically important?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is historically important because it represents the first global acknowledgment by the international community of the inalienable rights of all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, or religion.

How many languages is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights available in today?

As of 2009, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights entered the Guinness World Records as the most translated document in the world, available in over 500 languages.