La Peste Nera del 1347 - Alessandro il Barbero - I Grandi Massacri Storici
Summary
TLDRThe script delves into the Black Death pandemic of 1348 in Europe, highlighting its devastating impact with 20-25 million deaths in a few years. It discusses the lack of understanding of the disease at the time, the desperate measures taken by the medical community, and the societal upheaval it caused. The plague's spread is attributed to Europe's already dire conditions of famine and poor hygiene. The narrative also touches on the human response, from religious interpretations to hedonistic behaviors, and concludes with the surprising societal 'reboot' and the Renaissance that followed the plague's subsidence.
Takeaways
- 🌏 The script discusses a globalized world where profit and trade are central to political life, facing challenges like overpopulation, climate change, and economic crises.
- 😷 It introduces the topic of the Black Death of 1348 in Europe, which had a significant impact, particularly in Italy, and is related to a mysterious disease from Asia.
- 🏚️ The Black Death wiped out entire villages in Burgundy, resulting in 20-25 million deaths in a few years, during a time when people used ineffective remedies like resin and dried human excrement.
- 🗓️ The Black Death arrived in Messina in 1347 via a Genoese merchant ship, and the Genoese were known to distribute things freely, leading to the saying 'never accept candy from Genoese'.
- 🤒 The disease was characterized by high fever, similar to influenza, and the appearance of buboes in the neck and groin, which would burst and bleed.
- 👨⚕️ Medical advice at the time was often misguided, such as the recommendation by Gentile da Foligno to eat toga, which led to his own death from the plague in 1348.
- 🙏 In the face of the unknown, people turned to the church for comfort, which attributed the plague to divine will and urged people to repent.
- 🎉 As despair set in and the end seemed near, many people abandoned themselves to pleasure, indulging in drinking, sexual activities, and living as if there was no tomorrow.
- 🏥 The sick received little care, and even family members tried to keep their distance for fear of contagion, leading to the concept of 'curing houses'.
- 📉 The plague spread across Italy and Southern Europe in 1348, reaching England and Scandinavia by 1349, leaving 200,000 depopulated cities and villages.
- 📈 After the plague, Europe experienced a resurgence in politics, business, and war, with a baby boom and increased resources and welfare for the population.
- 🎭 The script suggests that the Black Death acted as a social shock absorber, halving the population but paving the way for the Renaissance.
Q & A
What central themes are discussed in the script regarding a globalized world?
-The script discusses themes such as the centrality of profit and trade in political life, the challenges of overpopulation, climate change, economic crisis, and the emergence of an unknown disease from Asia that primarily affects Italy in Europe.
What historical event is used as an introduction to the main topic of the script?
-The script uses the introduction of the Black Death in 1348 as a historical event to discuss the impact of epidemics on society.
How did the Black Death arrive in Europe according to the script?
-The Black Death arrived in Europe in 1347 through a Genoese merchant ship in Messina, Sicily.
What were the conditions in Europe that made the spread of the Black Death more effective?
-Europe was already suffering from famine, with poor sanitary conditions and people and animals living in close quarters, which facilitated the rapid spread of the disease.
What symptoms were associated with the Black Death according to the script?
-The script mentions high fever, buboes filled with pus in the neck and groin areas, blood vomiting, and skin that resembled a crusty bread, which was a sign of severe illness.
What was the medical advice given by Gentile da Foligno from the University of Perugia?
-Gentile da Foligno advised patients to eat toga, which is likely a misinterpretation or a joke, as he himself died of the plague in 1348, indicating the lack of effective medical knowledge at the time.
How did the Church respond to the Black Death in the script?
-The Church attempted to comfort its followers with the idea of divine will, suggesting that the plague was a test of faith and that people should prepare for the end times.
What societal behaviors emerged as a result of the Black Death according to the script?
-The script describes behaviors such as people abandoning themselves to pleasure, indulging in drinking, and sexual activities, as well as the emergence of the concept of 'cure' where the sick were kept at a distance.
How did the Black Death impact the population and society in Europe?
-The Black Death led to a significant reduction in population, with 20-25 million deaths in a few years, leaving cities and villages depopulated. However, it also led to a societal reset, with more resources for the survivors and a subsequent baby boom.
What long-term effect did the Black Death have on Europe as mentioned in the script?
-The script suggests that the Black Death acted as a social shock absorber, reducing the population but also paving the way for the Renaissance by creating a more resource-abundant society.
How did the script describe the end of the Black Death?
-The script indicates that the Black Death began to slow down in 1353 when it reached Siberia, suggesting that the disease eventually burned itself out and stopped spreading.
Outlines
🌏 Globalization and the Black Death
The script begins by setting the scene of a globalized world focused on profit and trade, facing challenges such as overpopulation, climate change, and economic crises. It humorously introduces the topic of the Black Death of 1348 in Europe, which is likened to a strange disease from Asia that primarily affected Italy. The year 1347 is highlighted as the arrival of the plague in Messina via a Genoese merchant ship, with a satirical note on the Genoese and their 'gifts.' The script mentions the lack of understanding of the disease at the time, the dire conditions in 14th-century Europe, including famine, poor hygiene, and the cohabitation of humans and animals, which contributed to the rapid spread of the plague. The symptoms of the Black Death are described, including high fever and the appearance of buboes, leading to a grim and graphic depiction of the disease's effects on the population.
😷 The Spread and Impact of the Black Death
This paragraph delves into the progression of the Black Death, detailing its spread across Italy and Southern Europe in 1348, and its eventual reach to England and Scandinavia by 1349. The devastating impact is quantified by the depopulation of cities and villages, with a stark portrayal of the societal response to the plague. The script discusses the emergence of the concept of 'cures' during this time and the Church's role in attempting to console the faithful with the notion of divine will. The narrative also touches on the human tendency to seek pleasure and abandon in the face of despair, as well as the lack of care for the sick due to fear of contagion. The paragraph concludes with the slowing of the plague's spread by 1353, when it reached Siberia, and reflects on the resilience and recovery of Europe, suggesting a 'reset' that led to the Renaissance and a period of growth and prosperity.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Globalization
💡Black Death
💡Pestilence
💡Climatic Change
💡Economic Crisis
💡Buboes
💡Medicine
💡Social Amortizer
💡Baby Boom
💡Renaissance
💡Quarantine
Highlights
The transcript discusses the impact of globalization on politics, economy, and the environment.
It mentions the challenges of overpopulation, climate change, and economic crisis.
A mysterious disease from Asia is highlighted, affecting Europe and Italy in particular.
The introduction to the Black Death in 1348 in Europe is presented.
The disappearance of an entire village in Burgundy due to the plague is noted.
The Black Death's arrival in Messina via a Genoese merchant ship is described.
The lack of understanding of the plague by the people of the 1300s is emphasized.
The transcript explains the conditions in Europe that facilitated the spread of the plague, including famine and poor hygiene.
The symptoms of the Black Death, including high fever and the appearance of buboes, are detailed.
The ineffective medical advice of the time, such as eating toga, is mentioned.
The role of the church in attempting to calm the population during the plague is discussed.
The transcript describes the societal response to the plague, including indulgence in pleasure and avoidance of the sick.
The concept of 'cure houses' is introduced as a result of the plague.
The spread of the plague throughout Italy, Southern Europe, and eventually to England and Scandinavia is outlined.
The significant depopulation of cities and villages is highlighted.
The slowing of the plague's spread by 1353 when it reached Siberia is noted.
The resilience of humanity and the rebirth of Europe after the plague is emphasized.
The Black Death is likened to a social shock absorber, leading to a baby boom and increased resources for the population.
The transcript concludes by drawing a parallel between the plague and a system reboot, suggesting it contributed to the Renaissance.
Transcripts
se vi parlassi di un mondo globalizzato
in cui il profitto il commercio sono
sempre più centrali nella vita politica
un mondo che deve affrontare il
sovrappopolamento il cambiamento
climatico
la crisi economica e che dal nulla viene
colpito da una strana malattia
proveniente dall'asia che nessuno
conosce e che in europa colpisce in
primis l'italia
voi mi direte del professore nel 2020
regia e io mi metto a fare introduzione
ad minchiam allora vai a da migliore a
pratica gelare da clemente sesto finché
non deciderà di dare le due carni alle
fiamme del rogo
scherzi a parte non fatelo ma oggi
vorrei parlarvi della peste nera del
1348 in europa ma mandate alla mano non
è molto il cugino del nonno del mio
amico ma è sparito un intero villaggio
nella borgogna 20 25 milioni di morti in
pochi anni e anni strani anni bui in cui
si usavano intrugli di resina amici di
giglio bianco e escrementi essiccati
umani ero si chiamava medicina non ho
mai patia come oggi è il 1347 quando la
peste nera sbarca messina tramite una
nave mercantile genovese
c'è da dire che i genovesi quando
diffondono gratuitamente qualcosa apriti
cielo
è la fine del mondo da qui il detto mai
accettare caramelle dai genovesi a
beninteso loro la chiamano peste ma non
hanno nessuna idea di cosa sia la peste
nel 1300 per loro la teste e la peste di
atene e la festa ai tempi di marco
aurelio
tra feste di costantinopoli ete impegni
giusti indiano
e a quel punto mi viene il bloc ma ci
sono delle fonti per cui un medico
poteva dire sì
queste feste ci sono delle forti e nel
manuale medico si può leggere e
contagiosa improvvisa stermina gente si
sicura con un christer e no e allora e
peste non c'è nulla da fare godiamo
pecchiamo con gruppo ma perché nel 1347
la peste attecchisce così ben in europa
beh fondamentalmente perché l'europa in
un periodo già soffriva di carestia
molta gente moriva di stenti per strada
poi vogliamo dirlo le condizioni
igieniche erano adinolfi miani e in
terzo luogo uomini e bestie convivevano
negli stessi spazi come in una giunta
comunale qualsiasi molte volte ci
parlano dei sintomi di questa peste nera
che ancora oggi rimane un po di sterro
febbre altissima sembrava simile
un'influenza sul collo sotto le ascelle
nell'inguine comparivano bocconi pieni
di bus la gente bo mita va e prossima
sangue e pare che dire i pazienti e solo
stress non bastasse la pelle diventava
simile a un pan cocciolo molto buon
appetito zoe e quindi potevi vedere
queste persone
queste persone che camminavano piene di
macchie e se una bambina vedeva un
signore che delle strane ma che in frode
poteva dire alla madre madre ma che un
nobiluomo a una luna nera sulla fronte e
da qui la celebre frase no quella non è
una lunga quella è la morte nera
i medici tentano di tutto x arrestare
questo morbo
tra questi
c'è un tal gentile da foligno docente di
medicina dell'universita di perugia il
suo consiglio i pazienti mangiate la
toga
capite bene con questi consigli nel 1348
gentile da foligno dal suo più grande
contributo alla scienza muore di peste
pure lui quando la scienza non offre
spiegazioni e medioevo quel punto ci si
affidava alla chiesa che cerca di
tranquillizzare tutti i suoi fedeli con
e volere divino ed io che si pulisce per
il nostro integrato morani bene ea quel
punto quando pensi che sia la fine del
mondo e nessuno pensava di sopravvivere
al domani beh a quel punto molti si
abbandonavano al piacere bevute in
taverna sesso carnale nelle case sfitte
vivi come se domani non ci fosse un
vento che malati i malati ricevono poche
cure anche i familiari per paura di
essere contagiati cercano di tenere il
più distante possibile di apparati
addirittura per la vita a mangiare gli
tirano insicura lontano facendo così
nascere il concetto e the cure
e così la peste avanza nel 1348 prende
tutta l'italia e l'europa meridionale
nel 49 arriva in inghilterra scandinavia
200.000 città e villaggi rimangono
spopolati e quand'è che rallenta inizia
a rallentare nel 1353 quando il morbo
raggiunge la siberia e come dico sempre
ma è rompere le palle
la russia lì si arresta ma finita la
pestilenza
c'è una cosa straordinaria dell'umanità
che non sta a piangere
e addosso l'europa riparte tutto
ricomincia politica affari guerra
torniamo a morire come piace a noi
pronte anche solo immaginare nella
popolazione si ma più risorse per tutti
più benessere c'è subito stato un baby
boom la peste ha funzionato così bene
come ammortizzatore sociale che
periodicamente tornata in europa e torna
tra gli anni 60 70 80 90
diciamo che la testa è stato come uno
scandisk di sistema
a furia di formattare l'europa ha
dimezzato la popolazione ma ci ha
regalato il rinascimento grazie mille
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