Kekuasaan dan Politik

Summary

This video presentation explores the concepts of power and politics within an organizational context, as part of an assignment for a university course. The team discusses the definition of power, the differences between leadership and power, and the various bases of power—both formal and personal. The script also delves into power tactics, the influence of power on individuals, and the implications of sexual harassment in the workplace. Political behavior, organizational politics, and ethical considerations are also examined, highlighting how power dynamics impact relationships, job satisfaction, and organizational outcomes.

Takeaways

• 😀 Power is the ability to influence others' behavior to align with one's expectations.
• 😀 The difference between leadership and power lies in the suitability of goals, influence direction, and implementation methods.
• 😀 Formal power is based on one's position within an organization, while personal power comes from individual characteristics.
• 😀 The basis of power includes coercive, reward, legal, and informational power, each creating dependency among individuals.
• 😀 Dependency on power increases when the controlled resource is important, scarce, or irreplaceable.
• 😀 Power tactics include rational persuasion, inspirational appeals, consultation, exchange of ideas, pressure, and coalition-building.
• 😀 Rational persuasion is the most effective power tactic, particularly in influencing individuals across all organizational levels.
• 😀 Power and influence are closely linked: having power enables one to influence others' actions according to their will.
• 😀 Sexual harassment often arises from unequal power dynamics, especially in the workplace, with women being more frequently targeted.
• 😀 Organizational politics can involve individuals acting in their own interest, with varying impacts on company interests and employee satisfaction.
• 😀 Political behavior is influenced by individual traits like self-monitoring, locus of control, and the need for power, as well as organizational factors like resource scarcity or promotion opportunities.

Q & A

What is the definition of power as mentioned in the script?

Power is defined as a person's ability to influence the behavior of others so that they act according to what is expected by the person who has power. The greater the dependency of one person on another, the greater the power the other person has in the relationship.

How is leadership different from power?

Leadership requires a suitability of goals between the leader and the follower, whereas power does not require such alignment. Leadership focuses on influencing subordinates, while power also includes influence over superiors and peers. Additionally, leadership is typically individual, while power can be shared by groups.

What are the two types of power bases mentioned in the script?

The two types of power bases are formal power and personal power. Formal power is based on one's position within an organization and includes coercive, reward, legal, and informational power. Personal power is based on an individual's characteristics, such as expert, referent, and charismatic power.

What is the relationship between dependence and power?

The greater the dependence of one person (B) on another (A), the greater the power that A has over B. Power is derived from controlling important, rare, or irreplaceable resources, creating dependency.

Can you explain what tactical power is?

Tactical power refers to how individuals translate their sources of power into specific actions. It involves strategies like delegitimization, rational persuasion, inspirational appeals, consultation, exchange, personal appeals, pleasing others, pressure, and coalitions to influence others.

Which power tactics are most effective for influencing subordinates?

Inspirational appeals are most effective when influencing subordinates. These appeals focus on emotional commitment and align with the values, needs, hopes, and aspirations of the target.

What is the relationship between power and influence?

Power is a tool to influence others. If someone has power, they can influence others to act according to their will. Influence tactics such as rational persuasion, requests, and inspirational appeals are examples of how power is exercised to shape behavior.

What is sexual harassment in the context of power dynamics at the workplace?

Sexual harassment refers to unwelcome behaviors of a sexual nature in the workplace, which often arise from unequal power dynamics. It predominantly affects women, although men can also be victims. The harassment can include inappropriate jokes, demeaning comments, or physical advances.

How does organizational politics relate to power and behavior?

Organizational politics involves actions by individuals that aim to gain power for personal interests, which can be separate from organizational goals. Politics often occurs when resources are limited, and it influences behavior by motivating individuals to act in their own self-interest, sometimes outside of formal performance.

What factors contribute to political behavior in organizations?

Political behavior in organizations is influenced by individual factors such as personality traits (e.g., high self-monitoring or a need for power) and organizational factors such as resource scarcity or opportunities for promotion.