Gambar Struktur Bangunan Teknik Sipil ULM Pertemuan 06 gambar rencana konstruksi tangga

Summary

This video script provides an in-depth overview of stair construction, detailing the various components, types, and materials used in building stairs. It discusses the different stair designs such as plate stairs, beam stairs, cantilever stairs, and curved stairs, emphasizing safety, comfort, and structural integrity. Key calculations, such as the ideal ratio between the height and width of steps, are explained for ensuring functionality. The importance of proper planning, reinforcement, and adherence to regulations is also highlighted, along with the need to consider the available space and the specific needs of the building.

Takeaways

• 😀 The design of stairs involves multiple parts: steps, boards (dividing plates), and balustrades (handrails).
• 😀 Stairs can be built using different materials like wood, steel, concrete, or even glass, each requiring careful safety calculations.
• 😀 Stair designs can vary based on the layout, such as straight, U-shaped, L-shaped, or cantilever designs.
• 😀 Plate stairs have a supporting structure made of reinforced concrete plates, while beam stairs are supported by beams made from materials like steel or wood.
• 😀 Cantilever stairs are clamped to a wall or beam and require a structurally strong support, particularly with thick reinforced concrete walls.
• 😀 The ideal dimensions for stairs are calculated using formulas like 2s + A = 59–65 cm, where 's' is the step height and 'A' is the step width.
• 😀 Safety standards dictate the minimum stair width to be 80 cm to allow for comfortable passage of two people at once.
• 😀 The maximum step height (s) for residential stairs should be 19 cm, with a recommended minimum step width (A) of 26 cm for comfort.
• 😀 Staircase design involves calculating the number of steps based on the height difference between floors, ensuring a safe and comfortable incline.
• 😀 The layout of the space must be considered when designing stairs, including the dimensions of the room and the required step measurements for safety and comfort.
• 😀 Proper reinforcement is essential, especially for types like cantilever stairs, which rely on a strong wall or beam for support.

Q & A

What are the main parts of a staircase as described in the transcript?

The main parts of a staircase include the steps, the board (a dividing plate between floors), and the balustrade (railing or handle).

What is the function of the 'board' in a staircase construction?

The board acts as a dividing plate between floors, especially in multi-floor stairs, where it separates different levels of the staircase.

What are the two components of a step that are used for calculations?

The two components of a step are the horizontal side (A), known as the tread, and the vertical side (S), known as the rise.

What are the different types of stair construction discussed in the transcript?

The transcript discusses plate stairs, beam stairs, cantilever stairs, and various forms of U-shaped and L-shaped staircases, including those with curved or landing sections.

How is the load transferred in plate stairs?

In plate stairs, the tread plate transfers the load to the stair plate structure, which is typically supported by reinforced concrete.

What are cantilever stairs, and when can they be used?

Cantilever stairs are a type of staircase that is supported at only one end, attached to a wall or beam. They can be used if the supporting wall is strong enough, typically in thick reinforced concrete walls.

What are the recommended guidelines for step dimensions?

The ideal relationship for step dimensions is 2S + A = 59-65 cm. The height of the steps (S) and the tread width (A) should add up to between 59 and 65 cm for comfort and safety.

What is the minimum width for stairs to ensure comfort?

The minimum width for stairs is 80 cm, which allows enough space for two people to pass each other comfortably.

How should the number of steps be calculated?

The number of steps is calculated using the formula N = H/S - 1, where H is the height of the floor and S is the height of each step. The result should be rounded up to ensure the steps are safe.

What should be considered when planning the material for stairs?

When planning the material for stairs, it's important to consider the strength of the structure, the load-bearing capacity, and the aesthetic preferences. The material can vary from wood, steel, concrete to even glass, but the structural safety must always be a priority.