incandescent lamp | incandescent light bulb | filament bulb | construction and working | in hindi

Summary

The video script delves into incandescent lamps, explaining their working principle based on the heat emission from the filament to produce visible light. It covers the construction, types, and comparison with fluorescent lamps. Incandescent lamps are categorized by filament material and inert gas filling, with a focus on their energy efficiency and environmental impact. The script also discusses the benefits and drawbacks of incandescent lamps, comparing them to modern lighting options like fluorescent and LED bulbs, highlighting their high brightness, lower energy consumption, and longer lifespan.

Takeaways

• 😀 Incandescent lamps produce visible light through the heat of the filament.
• 🔌 These lamps come in various sizes and voltage levels, ranging from 1.5 volts to 300 volts.
• 💡 The main element of this type of lamp is the filament, typically made of tungsten material, supported by lead wires attached to the supporting glass.
• 🌡 The filament is protected inside a glass envelope, which contains inert gases like argon and nitrogen to prevent oxidation.
• 🔥 When current flows through the filament, it heats up and glows with high brightness, emitting visible light.
• 🛠️ Filament lamps can be designed in two ways: coiled filament and cold coil filament, with the latter having a cap at the lower part of the bulb for input connections.
• ♨️ Tungsten has a melting point of 3400 degrees Celsius, and its resistivity decreases with high temperature, preventing damage to the filament.
• ✨ The heated filament releases electrons that emit photons in the form of electromagnetic radiation, producing visible light.
• 🌟 There are mainly three types of filament materials used: tungsten, carbon, and tantalum, categorized into two main types of lamps: gas-filled lamps and halogen lamps.
• 💡 Gas-filled lamps rely on an inert gas field to increase the life span and efficiency of the filament, while halogen lamps use a halogen cycle to prevent filament blackening and extend life.
• 🌱 Halogen lamps are the latest version of incandescent lamps, offering several benefits over normal incandescent lamps, such as longer life span and higher efficiency.
• ⚠️ Halogen lamps are used for large areas like gardens, car parks, outdoor fields, and airport runways for illumination and visibility.
• ⏳ The life span of incandescent lamps is about 1000 hours, while fluorescent lamps can last up to 9000 hours.
• 💰 Incandescent lamps are more expensive compared to fluorescent lamps, which are cheaper.
• 🔆 Incandescent lamps generate light by heating the filament, whereas fluorescent lamps emit light due to gas excitation in the case.
• 🔧 Incandescent lamps have a higher power consumption compared to fluorescent lamps, which are more energy-efficient.
• 🌡️ Incandescent lamps produce warmer light, suitable for table lamps and desk lighting, while fluorescent lamps do not produce warm light and are better for classroom lighting, office lighting, etc.
• 🌞 The light output of incandescent lamps is higher, with a lower manufacturing cost, and their brightness can be easily dimmed with a dimmer.
• 🚫 However, incandescent lamps are not energy-efficient, have a shorter life span, and are not suitable for large areas due to their lower lumen output per watt, generating about 5 to 20 lumens for each watt.
• 🔄 Despite some disadvantages, incandescent lamps are still frequently used as table lamps and desk lamps for their immediate turn-on capability and ability to increase room temperature in winter seasons.

Q & A

What is an incandescent lamp?

An incandescent lamp is a type of electric light that produces visible light through the heating of a filament to high temperatures.

How does the filament in an incandescent lamp work?

When current flows through the filament, it heats up and glows with high brightness, producing visible light.

What materials are commonly used for the filament in incandescent lamps?

Tungsten is the most commonly used material for the filament, due to its high melting point and resistance.

What are the typical voltage levels for incandescent lamps?

Incandescent lamps come in different voltage levels, ranging from 1.5 volts to 300 volts.

Why are inert gases like argon and nitrogen used in incandescent lamps?

Inert gases are used to fill the space inside the envelope to prevent the filament from oxidizing and to extend the lamp's life.

What is the difference between a coiled filament and a cold coil filament in incandescent lamps?

A coiled filament is designed to increase the surface area for better heat dissipation, while a cold coil filament is designed to reduce heat loss and increase efficiency.

How does the life span of an incandescent lamp compare to that of a fluorescent lamp?

The life span of an incandescent lamp is typically around 1000 hours, whereas a fluorescent lamp can last up to 9000 hours.

What are the environmental concerns associated with incandescent lamps?

Incandescent lamps emit mercury vapor, which is harmful to the environment, and they are less energy-efficient compared to other lighting options.

How do halogen lamps differ from standard incandescent lamps?

Halogen lamps are a type of incandescent lamp that contain a halogen gas, which increases the filament's temperature and brightness, and extends the lamp's life.

What are the advantages of using fluorescent lamps over incandescent lamps?

Fluorescent lamps are more energy-efficient, have a longer life span, and produce less heat, making them better for lighting large areas.

Why are incandescent lamps still used in certain applications despite their lower efficiency?

Incandescent lamps are still used for their warm light output, immediate on capability, and for specific applications where their properties are desirable, such as in table lamps or decorative lighting.