Fikih kelas 9 Tentang Riba

Summary

This video explains the concept of riba (usury) in Islamic finance, breaking it down into different types: riba Day (usury related to loans) and riba bait (usury in trade). It covers examples like credit card interest (riba jahiliyah), excessive loan repayments without explanation (riba qardi), and unfair trade practices (riba Fadli). The video also discusses the idea of delaying debt payments for an extra charge (riba nasi'ah), as well as issues with transactions before proper delivery (riba yad). The goal is to educate viewers on the harmful impacts of these practices and their prohibition in Islam.

Takeaways

• 😀 Riba is an increase or growth, according to Islamic law, referring to extra charges or amounts added to loans or debts.
• 😀 Riba is generally categorized into two types: Riba Day (or Riba ad-Dain) and Riba Bai' (Riba of sale or exchange).
• 😀 Riba Day includes Riba Jahiliyah and Riba Qardi, both linked to loans or debts.
• 😀 Riba Jahiliyah involves additional charges when the borrower fails to repay the loan on time, as seen with credit card interest charges.
• 😀 Riba Qardi is when the lender requires an extra payment at the start of the loan agreement without clarifying the purpose of the extra amount.
• 😀 Riba Fadli arises when exchanging similar goods but with unequal quantities or qualities, such as exchanging different karat values of gold.
• 😀 Riba Nasi'ah is the extra payment required for delaying the repayment of a debt, like a credit-based purchase where the seller charges more for allowing delayed payments.
• 😀 Riba Yad is the type of riba that occurs when a transaction is completed without the actual exchange of goods at the time of sale, leading to discrepancies.
• 😀 An example of Riba Nasi'ah is when a buyer purchases a product on credit at a higher price, with the extra charge as compensation for the deferred payment.
• 😀 The practice of riba, particularly in the form of credit card interest and hidden charges, often leads to unjust benefits for the lender and harm to the borrower.

Q & A

What is the definition of riba in Islamic finance?

Riba refers to any interest or usury charged on loans, where the lender requires the borrower to repay more than what was originally borrowed. It is considered exploitative and prohibited in Islam.

What is the difference between riba dayn and riba bai‘?

Riba dayn refers to interest applied in loan transactions, such as borrowing money or credit sales. Riba bai‘ involves excess in the exchange of similar items, but with unequal measurements or values.

Can you explain riba jahiliyyah and provide an example?

Riba jahiliyyah refers to the usurious practices from the pre-Islamic era. An example of this is the charging of additional interest if a borrower couldn't repay their debt on time. This is commonly seen in credit card practices today, where users are charged interest if they fail to pay the full amount by the due date.

What is riba qardi, and why is it considered exploitative?

Riba qardi occurs when a loan requires repayment with a higher amount than initially borrowed, without a clear reason for the excess. For example, a moneylender who lends 10 million but requires the borrower to repay 11 million without explaining why the extra 1 million is due.

What is the concept of riba fadli in transactions?

Riba fadli is the excess value obtained when exchanging similar items, but their quantities or qualities are unequal. For example, exchanging 10 grams of 20-carat gold for 11 grams of 19-carat gold, which involves an unjust gain.

What is riba nasi'ah, and how does it work in credit transactions?

Riba nasi'ah is the extra amount charged as a reward for delaying the repayment of a debt. For example, when an item is sold on credit, and the seller charges more than the original price as compensation for allowing the buyer extra time to pay.

Can you give an example of riba nasi'ah?

An example of riba nasi'ah is when a person buys a bag for 200,000 through a credit sale but is charged 300,000, with the extra 100,000 being considered as compensation for the delayed payment.

What is riba yad, and how does it manifest in transactions?

Riba yad happens when an agreement is made without proper verification of the goods involved in a transaction. For instance, buying an internet package without confirming the actual amount of data, only to find out later that it was less than expected.

How does riba impact Islamic finance and transactions?

Riba is prohibited in Islamic finance because it leads to unjust enrichment and exploitation of borrowers. The goal of Islamic finance is to encourage fairness and equity, ensuring that transactions are free from exploitative conditions.

Why is riba considered harmful in society according to Islamic principles?

Riba is harmful because it creates inequality and unfair burdens on the disadvantaged, particularly in loan agreements. It ensures that one party benefits at the expense of the other, often causing financial hardship for the borrower.