Praktikum Online Teknik Tenaga Listrik Modul 2 Transformator 3 Fasa

Summary

In this practical lab session, the instructor, Irfan Taufik Fauzi, guides students through an experiment on three-phase transformers. The session covers the principles of transformer operation, specifically focusing on step-up transformers used to increase voltage. The students perform both series and parallel experiments, measuring voltage and current at different input levels. Results show that as input voltage increases, output voltage and current rise accordingly, demonstrating the step-up transformer's ability to amplify electrical energy for efficient power transmission. The instructor concludes by encouraging students to document their findings in their lab journals.

Takeaways

• 😀 The practical session focuses on Transformers (Three-Phase), specifically the step-up transformer used to increase voltage.
• 😀 The transformer functions to transfer alternating current (AC) energy between the primary and secondary circuits.
• 😀 There are two main types of transformers: single-phase and three-phase, with the key difference being the number of electrical phases in the system.
• 😀 The core construction of a three-phase transformer includes a core, transformer windings, and transformer oil, which serves as both a coolant and an insulating medium.
• 😀 During the experiment, the primary and secondary sides of the transformer are tested to measure voltage and resistance values.
• 😀 The session includes hands-on testing of the transformer’s resistance and voltage under varying input conditions.
• 😀 The experiment begins with checking resistance values across different terminals of the transformer, with specific readings noted for each.
• 😀 Voltage readings from the PLN (National Electricity) are also tested, with measurements taken for both positive and negative terminals.
• 😀 The step-up transformer is used to increase the output voltage from the input, and results show the correlation between input voltage and output voltage as the load increases.
• 😀 The second part of the practical session involves performing parallel experiments with the transformer, using various voltage settings (e.g., 5V, 10V, 15V) and noting the changes in current and voltage.
• 😀 At the end of the practical, participants are encouraged to analyze and compare the results from both series and parallel experiments, filling in the journal with their findings.

Q & A

What is the main objective of the experiment described in the transcript?

The main objective of the experiment is to understand and test the behavior of a three-phase transformer, specifically focusing on voltage and current measurements under different transformer configurations such as series and parallel setups.

What is a three-phase transformer, and how does it differ from a single-phase transformer?

A three-phase transformer is designed to transfer energy in a three-phase system, which involves three alternating currents that are out of phase with each other. The primary difference from a single-phase transformer is that a three-phase system can carry more power and is more efficient for large-scale applications.

What are the key components of a three-phase transformer as mentioned in the transcript?

The key components of a three-phase transformer include the core (for transferring flux), windings (coils made of insulated copper wire), and transformer oil (used for cooling and insulation).

What does the step-up transformer do in this experiment?

The step-up transformer in this experiment increases the voltage from the primary (input) side to the secondary (output) side while reducing the current proportionally, as per the principle of conservation of energy.

What is the role of the transformer oil in the three-phase transformer?

Transformer oil serves as a coolant and insulator. It helps in dissipating heat generated by the transformer during operation and ensures the insulation between the windings and other components.

What does the experiment measure in terms of electrical quantities?

The experiment measures resistance, voltage, and current at different points in the transformer circuit. These measurements are used to analyze the behavior of the transformer under varying conditions.

How does the voltage and current change during the experiment when using a step-up transformer?

As the voltage is stepped up using the transformer (from 5V to 15V in the experiments), the current decreases proportionally, which is consistent with the law of conservation of energy in transformers.

What is the significance of comparing series and parallel experiments in the context of this lab?

Comparing series and parallel experiments helps in understanding how the transformer operates in different configurations, particularly how the voltage and current behave in each setup, and provides insight into the efficiency and performance of the transformer.

What were the voltage and current measurements obtained during the experiments?

During the experiments, voltage measurements included 2363V, 413V (input), and various stepped-up values (e.g., 10V, 15V). The current measurements varied with voltage, for example, from 0.14A at 5V to 2.3A at 15V in the series setup.

What should be checked before starting the practical experiment to ensure safety?

Before starting the practical experiment, it is important to check the cables for any wear or gaps, ensure all connections are secure, and wear safety gloves to prevent accidents or electrical hazards.