Comparative and superlative adjectives
Summary
TLDREl guion del video ofrece una lección sobre los adjetivos comparativos y superlativos en inglés. El instructor explica cuándo y cómo se utilizan estos adjetivos para comparar diferentes cosas o describir cualidades en relación con otras. Se presentan ejemplos visuales como imágenes de un ratón y un elefante para ilustrar la comparación. Se detallan reglas para formar los comparativos y superlativos, como agregar '-er', '-more' o cambiar completamente la palabra en casos irregulares. Se practica con ejemplos utilizando adjetivos como 'colorful', 'formal', 'tall' y 'cool', y se enfatiza la importancia de usar 'the' antes de los superlativos. El video invita a los estudiantes a participar escribiendo sus propias oraciones en los comentarios.
Takeaways
- 😀 Los adjetivos comparativos y superlativos se utilizan para comparar cosas o describir el grado de una cualidad en relación con otros.
- 🔍 Los comparativos se forman con 'than' y se usan para comparar dos cosas, como en 'el elefante es más grande que la ratita'.
- 📚 Para formar un adjetivo comparativo, se siguen diferentes patrones según la estructura del adjetivo original, como añadir 'er' o 'more'.
- 🔑 Los adjetivos de una sílaba terminan en 'er', como 'old' se convierte en 'older'.
- 🔠 Los adjetivos de consonante-vocal-consonante se doblan la última consonante y se añade 'er', como 'big' se convierte en 'bigger'.
- 🔄 Los adjetivos de una o dos sílabas que terminan en 'y' cambian 'y' por 'i' y se añade 'er', como 'dry' se convierte en 'drier'.
- 📈 Los adjetivos de dos o más sílabas se combinan con 'more' para formar el comparativo, como 'famous' se convierte en 'more famous'.
- 🏆 Los superlativos se forman con 'the' y 'est' o 'most', y se usan para describir la cualidad más alta en un grupo, como 'the tallest' o 'the most expensive'.
- 👥 Los superlativos se usan para comparar más de dos elementos, indicando cual es el más grande, mejor, etc.
- 📝 Los adjetivos irregulares cambian completamente de forma, como 'good' que se convierte en 'best' en superlativo.
- 📚 Se pueden crear ejemplos usando comparativos y superlativos para describir personas o objetos en imágenes, como 'the man with the hat is the tallest in the group'.
Q & A
¿Qué son los adjetivos comparativos y superlativos y para qué se utilizan?
-Los adjetivos comparativos y superlativos se utilizan para comparar diferentes cosas o para describir el grado de una cualidad en comparación con otros.
¿Cómo se forman los adjetivos comparativos para los monosílabos?
-Para los adjetivos monosílabos, se añade 'er' al final de la palabra, como en 'old' que se convierte en 'older'.
¿Cuál es la regla para formar adjetivos comparativos de los adjetivos que siguen el patrón consonante-vocal-consonante?
-Para los adjetivos que siguen el patrón consonante-vocal-consonante, se duplica la última consonante y se añade 'er', como en 'big' que se convierte en 'bigger'.
¿Cómo se forman los adjetivos comparativos de los adjetivos que terminan en 'y'?
-Para los adjetivos que terminan en 'y', la 'y' cambia a 'i' y se añade 'er', como en 'dry' que se convierte en 'drier'.
¿Cómo se forman los adjetivos comparativos de los adjetivos de dos o más sílabas?
-Para los adjetivos de dos o más sílabas, se utiliza la estructura 'more' seguido del adjetivo, como en 'famous' que se convierte en 'more famous'.
¿Qué son los adjetivos irregulares y cómo se forman sus comparativos?
-Los adjetivos irregulares son aquellos que cambian completamente su forma para el comparativo, como 'good' que se convierte en 'better' y 'bad' que se convierte en 'worse'.
¿Cómo se forman los adjetivos superlativos para los monosílabos?
-Para los adjetivos monosílabos, se añade 'est' al final de la palabra, como en 'cold' que se convierte en 'coldest'.
¿Cuál es la regla para formar adjetivos superlativos de los adjetivos que siguen el patrón consonante-vocal-consonante?
-Para los adjetivos que siguen el patrón consonante-vocal-consonante, se duplica la última consonante y se añade 'est', como en 'big' que se convierte en 'biggest'.
¿Cómo se forman los adjetivos superlativos de los adjetivos que terminan en 'y'?
-Para los adjetivos que terminan en 'y', la 'y' cambia a 'i' y se añade 'est', como en 'sunny' que se convierte en 'sunniest'.
¿Cómo se forman los adjetivos superlativos de los adjetivos de dos o más sílabas?
-Para los adjetivos de dos o más sílabas, se utiliza la estructura 'the most' seguido del adjetivo, como en 'dangerous' que se convierte en 'the most dangerous'.
¿Qué son los adjetivos irregulares y cómo se forman sus superlativos?
-Los adjetivos irregulares son aquellos que cambian completamente su forma para el superlativo, como 'good' que se convierte en 'best' y 'bad' que se convierte en 'worst'.
¿Cuál es la estructura general para usar adjetivos superlativos en oraciones?
-La estructura general para usar adjetivos superlativos en oraciones es 'the + superlativo + en/en la + referencia al grupo comparado', como en 'I am the best teacher in the world'.
Outlines
📚 Introducción a Adjetivos Comparativos y Superlativos
El primer párrafo presenta el tema central del video, que es el estudio de los adjetivos comparativos y superlativos en inglés. El orador, Oroz, explica que estos adjetivos se utilizan para comparar diferentes cosas o describir el grado de una cualidad en relación con otros. Se menciona que se mostrarán ejemplos y se dará una explicación detallada sobre cuándo y cómo usar estos adjetivos, así como cómo se forman. Seguidamente, se comparte una imagen que ilustra la comparación entre un ratón y un elefante, demostrando cómo se aplican las comparaciones en contextos sencillos.
📝 Formación de Adjetivos Comparativos
En el segundo párrafo, se enfoca en cómo se forman los adjetivos comparativos. Se presentan varias reglas y patrones para modificar adjetivos en comparativos, como agregar 'er' a adjetivos de un sílaba, doblar la última consonante en adjetivos de 'consonante-voyela-consonante' y cambiar la 'y' en adjetivos de uno o dos sílabas en 'i' antes de añadir 'er'. También se menciona la existencia de adjetivos irregulares que cambian completamente su forma en comparativos, como 'good' que se convierte en 'better'. Se ofrecen ejemplos prácticos para ilustrar cada patrón y se animan a los espectadores a tomar capturas de pantalla para estudiar más tarde.
🏆 Uso y Formación de Adjetivos Superlativos
El tercer párrafo se centra en los adjetivos superlativos, que se utilizan para describir la cualidad más alta o la cantidad más grande en un grupo de elementos. Se explica que se forman añadiendo 'the' antes del adjetivo y 'est' para adjetivos de una sílaba o doblando la última consonante y añadiendo 'est' para adjetivos que siguen el patrón 'consonante-voyela-consonante'. Para adjetivos más largos, se utiliza 'the most' seguido del adjetivo. Se presentan ejemplos prácticos y se enfatiza la importancia de usar 'the' antes de los superlativos. Además, se ofrecen frases útiles para describir a las personas en un grupo, como 'the woman with the dark red curly hair'.
🎉 Ejemplos y Aplicación de Adjetivos Superlativos
El cuarto y último párrafo del guion ofrece ejemplos prácticos de cómo utilizar los adjetivos superlativos en oraciones completas, utilizando una imagen de un grupo de personas para comparar características como la altura, la juventud y el humor. Se proporcionan frases como 'the man with the hat is the tallest in the group' y 'the woman with curly hair is the coolest'. El orador anima a los espectadores a escribir sus propias oraciones en los comentarios y a utilizar el vocabulario proporcionado para practicar. Finalmente, se agradece a los espectadores por ver el video y se los anima a suscribirse para más contenido de aprendizaje del inglés.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Comparativo y superlativo
💡Adjetivos
💡Comparación
💡Formación de comparativos
💡Formación de superlativos
💡Adjetivos irregulares
💡Ejemplos
💡Características
💡Contexto
💡Estructura de las oraciones
Highlights
Comparative and superlative adjectives are used to compare different things or describe the degree of a particular quality in comparison to others.
Comparative adjectives are formed by adding 'er' to one-syllable adjectives like 'old' to make 'older'.
For two-syllable adjectives with a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, double the last consonant and add 'er', such as 'big' becoming 'bigger'.
Adjectives ending with 'y' change the 'y' to 'i' and add 'er' to form the comparative, like 'dry' becoming 'drier'.
Longer adjectives with two or more syllables use 'more' plus the adjective for the comparative form, such as 'more famous'.
Irregular adjectives change completely to form the comparative, like 'good' becoming 'better'.
Superlative adjectives are used to indicate the highest degree in a group of more than two, often preceded by 'the'.
One-syllable adjectives form the superlative by adding 'est', like 'cold' becoming 'coldest'.
For two-syllable adjectives with a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, double the last consonant and add 'est' for the superlative, like 'big' becoming 'biggest'.
Adjectives ending with 'y' change the 'y' to 'i' and add 'est' for the superlative, such as 'dry' becoming 'driest'.
Longer adjectives use 'the most' plus the adjective for the superlative, like 'dangerous' becoming 'the most dangerous'.
Irregular superlatives change completely, like 'good' becoming 'best' and 'bad' becoming 'worst'.
Examples are provided to illustrate the use of comparative and superlative adjectives in sentences.
The video includes visual aids like pictures to help understand the comparative and superlative forms.
The presenter uses relatable examples with pictures of people to demonstrate the use of superlatives.
The video encourages viewers to practice by writing sentences in the comments section.
The presenter provides vocabulary related to appearance and characteristics for viewers to use in their practice.
The video concludes with an invitation to like, subscribe, and continue learning English in future lessons.
Transcripts
hi there this is the oros and today
we're going to learn another important
topic uh which is called comparative and
superlative adjectives okay I'm going to
explain in this video I'm going to
explain to you when do we use it how do
we use it how do we form and also we're
going to make it we're going to write it
some examples about it okay so let's pay
attention
and
continue okay let me share the screen
very quickly guys because I'm going to
show you
some some pictures here okay it says
comparative and superlative adjectives
so when do we use it we use comparative
adjective and superlative adjectives to
compare that is the main thing guys to
compare different things or to describe
the degree of a particular quality in
comparison to others okay this is very
important for you to know guys so the
theory first and later on we're going to
see some examples okay very good uh next
one please the first thing we have
comparative we use comparative
adjectives plus done okay this is very
important guys when you are talking
about adjectives you're going to have
this word this is like a like the
keyword in comparisons okay uh to
compare to things to people ER to cities
to books to whatever you want to compare
okay for example here we have a picture
two pictures here okay okay the first
one it's a mouse and the other one is an
elephant so if we are going to describe
or compare these two animals we're going
to have like a bunch of sentences here
okay you can write as many sentences as
you can in this one but I I only have
two of them here for example the mouse
is smaller than as you can see here than
the elephant or you can say on the other
way the elephant is bigger than the
mouse okay so we we have paired The
Mouse and the elephants I hope this
example is clear for you guys and let's
continue now I'm going to show you how
to form it let's see how do we form it
we have
adjectives so here we have adjectives
okay we have the adjective old cheap big
hot dry healthy famous
expensive good bad far okay those are
the adjectives now in order to make an
adjective comparative we need to add
something okay the adjective is going to
be modified because it's going to be
added something here pay attention
please I'm going to put it into a box
here for you to identify very quickly
okay this is the first pattern okay this
is the first uh example we have what is
the adjective the comparative of all we
have old we have older cheap cheaper why
because what what does it what does it
say the rule says one syllable adjective
you're going to add only e as you can
see here eer e old older cheap cheaper
okay next one please we have another
pattern here this is the second
pattern it says
hot I mean big bigger hot hotter what is
the What is the rule the rule says
consonant vowel consonant we're going to
double the last
consonant Additionally you need to add
ER for example big we have
consonant
vowel consonant so you need to duplicate
the last letter okay bigger okay hter
the same happens with hoter we have
consonant vowel consonant if you have
this pattern you need to double the last
letter okay very good let me give you
another
example another pattern I would say not
example another pattern so here we have
we have
dry drier healthy healthier what does
the rule says but it says one or two
syllable adjectives ending with Y you're
going going to change it the Y is going
to change to Y and continue adding ER
for example look at this the letter D
changes into I the letter Y changes into
I okay dry Dr r
y d r i in this case Okay so be very
careful about it now we have another
pattern here put it with another Cola
for you to identify we have this one
here it
is famous in this case it's totally
different because this adjective it's a
little bit longer than the others okay
so in this case you need to add in more
for example famous more famous expensive
more expensive okay and what does the
rule say about it two or more syllable
adjective we're going to use this
structure more Plus ad
more expensive more famous more elegant
more beautiful
more outstanding whatever okay and
finally we have this pattern which is um
a totally different pattern this is
irregular adjective so in this case when
we have irregular adjectives so you
don't need to add it something or you
don't need to modify the word in this
case the word is going to change
completely for example good
better bad words far far okay because
this is an irregular adjective okay guys
so you can pause the video for a moment
or maybe you can make an screenshots in
order for you to study ER later on okay
now let's
continue now let's continue give me a
second so here we go now here we have
some examples for you to understand
better let's write some examples here
and let me put in a pencil here yeah
we're going to say for
example uh we got to compare these two
picture picture a and picture B okay
here we have we can use more or we can
use less okay we're going to use the
adjective colorful elegant fashionable
formal
informal good bad modern traditional old
new serious Trend okay let me write an
example here for you to understand
better for example you can say the
guy in
picture a okay the guy in picture
a is more I'm sorry I'm sorry I'm Sor
Sor I'm sorry is more
colorful
than the
guy in picture
what in picture B all right so this is
this is the first example that I can
show you okay but later you can continue
writing more examples using these two
pictures okay so let me make it as mola
all right here we go okay it says the
guy in picture I'm sorry I was missing
picture
a the guy in picture a is more colorful
than the guy in picture B because it's a
lot of colorful you have yellow black
the shoes is also white but in this case
it's only black and white okay now
another example uh we're going to use
the the the the adjective formal okay
but in this case which is formal in this
case we're going to use like this the
guy in picture what the guy in picture
B is more
formal done the guy
in
picture a you
see or you can you can use less you can
say for example the guy in picture a is
less formal than the guy in picture B
okay so these are two examples for you
guys to follow and and try to write more
sentences if you wish you can write here
in the comments okay write some
sentences in the comments here okay very
good now let's continue I'm going to
delete
it let me go to the next one now we have
superlative or superlative whatever you
want to call you can say superlative or
superlative both are correct now uh let
me let me see the pencil okay it says we
use the in this case the superlative we
are not going to use Dan we're going to
use the okay the plus this superlative
adjective to say which is the bigger the
best Etc in a group okay not only two no
not two people not two animals but here
we're going to say in a group like more
than two three four five Etc okay it
says after superlative we use in and not
of plus places for example I am the best
teacher in the world I hope I hope so I
am the best teacher in the world another
one here we have some apples here it
says the red
apple is
the biggest app as you can see this is
like some sentences according to the
context here now I'm going to explain to
you how to form it all right so uh let's
continue it says how do we form it let
me put it into boxes here okay we have
this one first okay this is the first
one says um
cold this is comparative we already
started now we're going to jump into
superlative okay we're going to jump
here okay it says what is the adjective
cold what is the superlative the
coldest what is the adjective High what
is the the superlative the highest we
only add EST because it's only one
syllable okay only one syllable we're
going to add it EST EST in this case
another one please here we have this
pattern we have
big big big in this case bigger what is
the superlative the biggest hot the
hottest okay in this case the same as
explained to you before we're going to
double the last consonant because
consonant vowel consonant okay so it
follows that pattern now then we have
another one let me put it into another
column here dry what is the superlative
of dry the dest Sunny the sunniest we
only add what e es I'm
sorry I EST okay because we have the
consonant y now let's continue the next
one
please and here this is a a very long
adjective okay this is a very long
adjective and then it's going to change
a little bit for example we have
dangerous what is the superlative the
most dangerous beautiful the most
beautiful okay expansive the most
expensive okay so here we have the most
plus the adjective okay and finally we
have
here what irregular adjectives okay so
we have good what is the superlative of
good the best bad the worst far the
farest okay as you can see all the
superlative we have before the word the
this is very very important guys the
coldest the highest the biggest the
hottest the driest the sun is the most
dangerous the most beautiful the best
the worst the Fest you see every single
follows I mean before the adjective we
need to use da da da da da do okay
perfect let's
continue let me see if we have a picture
in order to oh nice here we have here we
have a picture okay here we have a
picture let me see okay here we have a
group of people we not only have a two
people in this case we have a group of
people okay it says here we have the
adjectives tall short young old serious
loud funny cool
shy we're going to use some useful
language in order to help you guys the
woman with the dark red stray Carly hair
the man with the dart blah blah blah
blah blah blah blah blah I'm going to
write an example here okay I got to
compare uh this guy over here okay I'm
going to compare this person yeah I'm
going to say like this we need to give
some characteristics okay I'm going to
say I'm going to use this language
butter here theand with the okay pay
attention
please
sorry
theand with the black hat okay or the
man with the hat I would say the man
with the
head
is the I'm going to use the adjective to
okay I'm sorry the adjective toll the
man with the heart is the toll but what
happens with the adjective in order to
make superlative we're going to add e s
okay the man with the hat is the
tallest in the group all
right the man with the hat is the
tallest in
the group all right now let me give you
another example uh let me
see the
woman the
woman with
the Carly
hair all right the man the woman with
the Carly hair which is this girl over
here okay the woman with the Carly
hair is
[Music]
the the coolest let's put it the coolest
all right the woman with the Carly hair
is the coolest okay guys as you can see
these are some examples but you can
continue writing more sentences here in
the in the in the chat okay in the
section charts okay in order to provide
me more sentences about it so you can
use as many sentences as you can and
here you have some uh vocabulary that
you can pick from it in order to write
some sentences okay all right now let me
see what's going to be
next all right so we have finished thank
you so much for watching this video and
I hope I can see you in the next one
don't forget to like this video And
subscribe if you wish if you want to
continue learning more English okay so
I'm G to stop sharing for a moment and
I'll see you in the next class okay bye
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