Penjelasan Sederhana MENGENAL Syariat, Tarekat, Hakekat &  Makrifat | Buya Arrazy Hasyim MA

Summary

The transcript delves into the spiritual journey of a believer, emphasizing the importance of understanding the deeper aspects of faith beyond mere rituals. It discusses the progression from Shari'ah (Islamic law) to Tarekat (spiritual path), and then to Ma'rifat (knowledge of God), highlighting how true devotion and connection to Allah require inner recognition, not just outward practices. The speaker stresses that many people engage in religious acts without truly knowing the One they worship. Ultimately, the journey towards Ma'rifat is framed as a path to a more profound understanding of God's presence and purpose in life.

Takeaways

• 😀 The journey to **Ma'rifat** (spiritual knowledge) involves traversing through the stages of **syariat** (law), **tarekat** (spiritual path), and **hakikat** (truth), but it is not mandatory to follow them rigidly; Allah's will plays a significant role.
• 😀 People often misunderstand that one must first complete **fiqh** (Islamic jurisprudence) before advancing to **ma'rifat**; however, knowledge of **tauhid** (oneness of God) and **ma'rifatullah** (knowledge of God) can also be attained early on.
• 😀 In early Islamic teachings, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized **tauhid** and **ma'rifat** before **syariat**, showcasing their centrality in spiritual growth.
• 😀 **Syariat** refers to the outward aspects of Islamic law, including **fiqh** (jurisprudence), which governs actions like prayers and rituals. Understanding **syariat** is important but not the only step in spiritual practice.
• 😀 The proper practice of **fiqh** leads to a more structured and disciplined **tarekat**, representing the spiritual path towards purity and closeness to God.
• 😀 While some argue against adhering strictly to a specific **madzhab** (school of thought), the speaker highlights that adhering to one can offer a more profound connection to Allah through a regulated spiritual path.
• 😀 **Tarekat** (the spiritual path) integrates **fiqh** and spiritual practice, combining both the outward rituals and inner purification necessary for a deeper connection with God.
• 😀 **Fiqh** and **tarekat** must be balanced. While **fiqh** is crucial for establishing outward rituals, **tarekat** focuses on purifying the soul and cultivating spiritual awareness.
• 😀 The key to spiritual progression lies in truly knowing and understanding Allah. Without this intimate connection, practices like prayer can feel disconnected and difficult to perform.
• 😀 True **ma'rifat** (knowledge of God) comes from deep inner realization and understanding, which, once achieved, leads to complete **tauhid** (oneness with God). This inner transformation is necessary for a person to move beyond mere ritualistic worship.

Q & A

What is the significance of the journey from Syariat to Ma'rifat?

The journey from Syariat (external law) to Ma'rifat (spiritual knowledge) represents a process of deepening one's understanding of God. It involves progressing through different stages: Syariat (rules and rituals), Tarekat (spiritual path), Hakikat (the essence or truth), and Ma'rifat (gnosis). The journey culminates in a deep, personal connection with Allah, surpassing mere ritual observance.

Can one achieve Ma'rifat without first understanding Syariat?

No, according to the script, one cannot achieve Ma'rifat without first adhering to Syariat. The external practices and laws (Syariat) form the foundation upon which deeper spiritual understanding (Tarekat, Hakikat, and Ma'rifat) can be built.

Why does the speaker emphasize the importance of knowing who one worships?

The speaker emphasizes that a person cannot truly connect with or worship Allah if they do not know or recognize Him. This lack of familiarity leads to difficulties in performing rituals such as prayers (salat), as the worshiper is not fully aware of the significance of what they are doing.

What role does the heart (qalb) play in spiritual knowledge?

The heart (qalb) plays a central role in spiritual knowledge. It is where the inner dimensions of faith (Tarekat and Ma'rifat) reside. True spiritual progress requires the purification and alignment of the heart with divine knowledge and understanding.

How does the speaker view the modern approach to religious scholarship?

The speaker critiques the modern approach to religious scholarship, which focuses heavily on citing specific texts and legal rulings. In the past, scholars were more focused on the essence of teachings, whereas today, there is a tendency to seek immediate, simplified answers, often without understanding the deeper meanings of the texts.

What does the speaker mean by 'Syariat that is visible and hidden'?

The speaker refers to Syariat in two aspects: the visible (external) practices, such as prayers and rituals, and the hidden (internal) practices, which are concerned with the purity of the heart, intentions, and deeper spiritual alignment. Both aspects must be cultivated for spiritual progress.

Why is the concept of Ma'rifat linked to knowing Allah's attributes?

Ma'rifat is linked to knowing Allah's attributes because it represents a profound spiritual understanding and connection with the divine. Complete knowledge (Ma'rifat) is attained when one fully grasps the essence of Allah’s oneness (Tauhid) and His attributes, which is the heart of spiritual gnosis.

What does the script say about the practice of following a particular school of thought (madzhab)?

The script mentions that following a particular madzhab (school of thought) in Islamic jurisprudence is important for maintaining a structured approach to religious practice. However, the speaker stresses that the perfect application of a madzhab is seen in the spiritual path of Tarekat, where adherence to these principles is embodied and practiced with sincerity.

How does the speaker explain the concept of 'maqom' (station) in relation to worship?

The concept of 'maqom' refers to a spiritual station or position. It is not just a physical place but a level of closeness to Allah, as experienced during acts of worship. The speaker refers to the Maqam of Prophet Ibrahim, where the act of prayer and worship leaves a lasting impact, symbolizing the significance of spiritual standing before Allah.

What is the relationship between Salat (prayer) and spiritual growth in the script?

Salat (prayer) is seen as a key practice in both external and internal worship. The act of prayer is not just about performing physical rituals but about developing a deeper connection with Allah. Spiritual growth is achieved when prayer is performed with true devotion, aligning the heart and mind with the divine presence.