Global Breakdown of International Law Amid Flagrant War Crimes in Gaza & Beyond, Says Amnesty Chief
Summary
TLDREn este captativo resumen, se aborda la situación preocupante de los derechos humanos a nivel mundial, destacando las violaciones cometidas por Israel en Gaza, donde se ha documentado una serie de crímenes de guerra, incluyendo el asesinato de civiles y la destrucción de infraestructuras, y la falta de acción por parte de los Estados Unidos para condenar dichas violaciones y para detener el suministro de armas a Israel. Además, se menciona la agresión de Rusia contra Ucrania y el surgimiento de regímenes autoritarios en países como Sudán, Etiopía y Myanmar. El Secretario General de Amnesty International, Anes Kalar, advierte sobre el colapso del sistema internacional y la importancia de actuar ante la proliferación de conflictos armados y violaciones de derechos humanos, incluyendo los peligros que representa la inteligencia artificial en la propagación de racismo y la discriminación.
Takeaways
- 📜 Amnesty International lanzó su informe anual sobre derechos humanos en 155 países, destacando violaciones cometidas por Israel en Gaza y la falta de condena por parte de sus aliados.
- 💥 Se evidenció la agresión de Rusia contra Ucrania y el aumento del autoritarismo y violaciones masivas de derechos humanos en países como Sudán, Etiopía y Myanmar.
- 🔍 Se llamó a la atención sobre la falta de acción internacional frente a los crímenes cometidos, incluyendo el uso de la hambruna como arma de guerra y el castigo colectivo contra el pueblo palestino.
- 🇺🇸 Se criticó al gobierno de los Estados Unidos por su uso del veto en el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU para bloquear cualquier tipo de intervención significativa en Gaza.
- 🚨 Se alertó sobre el peligro de que el sistema internacional, incluido el Derecho internacional y las convenciones de Ginebra, se vea desmantelado por acciones de superpotencias.
- 🏥 Se reportaron hallazgos de fosas comunes en el complejo médico de Naseer, lo que podría indicar crímenes de guerra y violaciones de los derechos humanos.
- 🤖 Se expresó preocupación por el papel de la inteligencia artificial en la propagación del racismo, la discriminación y la división, y se advirtió sobre los riesgos de un sector tecnológico poco regulado.
- 🔎 Se instó a la comunidad internacional a llevar a cabo investigaciones independientes y rigurosas sobre los sucesos en Gaza, y se cuestionó la autenticidad de las investigaciones propuestas por las partes involucradas.
- 🌐 Se señaló la creciente preocupación por la falta de regulación y el abuso de tecnologías como el reconocimiento facial y la espionaje, que afectan negativamente a los derechos humanos a nivel mundial.
- ⚖️ Se argumentó que las violaciones del Derecho internacional por parte de Israel y la justificación de dichas violaciones por intereses militares son un peligro para el sistema internacional de Derechos Humanos.
- 📉 Se lamentó la falta de cobertura mediática y atención internacional hacia crisis humanitarias en países como Sudán y Myanmar, donde se cometen violaciones masivas de derechos humanos.
Q & A
¿Qué consecuencias globales ha destacado Amnistía Internacional en su informe anual?
-Amnistía Internacional ha destacado que las consecuencias globales incluyen un aumento en el conflicto, el desgaste del derecho internacional y el aumento del autoritarismo en países como Sudán, Etiopía y Myanmar.
¿Qué evidencias de crímenes de guerra menciona el informe relacionadas con el asalto de Israel en Gaza?
-El informe señala evidencias de crímenes de guerra cometidos por Israel en Gaza, incluyendo bombardeos indiscriminados y dirigidos a civiles, y el alto número de periodistas y trabajadores humanitarios muertos en un conflicto.
¿Cuál es la postura de Estados Unidos frente a las violaciones de derechos humanos mencionadas en el informe?
-El informe critica a Estados Unidos por usar su derecho de veto en el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU para evitar intervenciones significativas y por no denunciar las violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas por Israel.
¿Qué tipo de investigación pide Amnistía Internacional respecto a los hallazgos en Gaza?
-Amnistía Internacional exige una investigación exhaustiva y transparente que no dependa únicamente de las autoridades israelíes, dado el contexto de deterioro en los lugares de los crímenes y la falta de protección en las escenas del crimen.
¿Cómo describió Anas Kalamar la respuesta de la comunidad internacional ante las violaciones de la ley internacional?
-Anas Kalamar describe que la respuesta de la comunidad internacional ha sido insuficiente, con instituciones internacionales como el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU y la Corte Penal Internacional siendo ignoradas o ineficaces frente a los abusos.
¿Qué conexión hace el informe entre los conflictos en Gaza y Ucrania con el orden internacional establecido post-Segunda Guerra Mundial?
-El informe hace una conexión directa, sugiriendo que las acciones en Gaza y Ucrania son indicativos de una erosión del sistema internacional establecido después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, donde las normas internacionales están siendo ignoradas por poderes globales.
¿Qué papel juega la inteligencia artificial según el informe de Amnistía Internacional?
-El informe advierte que la inteligencia artificial, especialmente la generativa, está desregulada y podría exacerbarse en violaciones de derechos humanos, discriminación y racismo, similar a problemas ya observados en plataformas y tecnologías existentes.
¿Qué crítica hace Amnistía Internacional al papel de los grandes conglomerados tecnológicos?
-Critica a los grandes conglomerados tecnológicos por su modelo de negocio que promueve la violación de derechos humanos y por no estar regulados adecuadamente, lo que contribuye a la propagación de la violencia y discriminación.
¿Qué soluciones propone Amnistía Internacional para enfrentar estos retos globales?
-Propone una regulación más estricta de las tecnologías emergentes, como la inteligencia artificial, y una reforma de las instituciones internacionales para que sean más efectivas en prevenir y responder a las crisis de derechos humanos.
¿Cómo relaciona Amnistía Internacional las crisis olvidadas como las de Myanmar y Sudán con la situación global?
-Relaciona estas crisis como ejemplos de la ineficacia del sistema internacional actual, donde conflictos severos y violaciones de derechos humanos persisten sin recibir la atención adecuada ni soluciones efectivas.
Outlines
📜 Violaciones de Derechos Humanos y Derechos Internacionales
Este párrafo aborda la situación de crisis en Gaza, destacando las violaciones de derechos humanos y el Derecho internacional perpetradas por las autoridades israelíes. Se menciona la falta de acción por parte de los Estados Unidos y la utilización de la hambruna como arma de guerra. Además, se critica la inacción ante la agresión de Rusia contra Ucrania y la creciente autoritarismo en otros países. La Secretaría General de Amnesty International, Anes Kalar, subraya la falta de respeto a la ley internacional y la inacción de los aliados de Israel, poniendo en riesgo el sistema de Derecho post-Segunda Guerra Mundial.
🕵️♂️ Investigaciones Insuficientes y Complicidad de los Estados Unidos
Este párrafo discute la insuficiencia de las investigaciones sobre las violaciones de derechos humanos en Gaza y la falta de acceso a la región para llevar a cabo una investigación adecuada. Se cuestiona la demanda de la Administración de Biden para una investigación sobre las fosas comunes en el hospital de Nasser. Además, se destaca la contradicción entre la declaración de apoyo de los Estados Unidos a la paz y la continua provisión de armas a Israel, lo que hace al país cómplice de los crímenes cometidos.
🌐 Colapso del Sistema Internacional y Olvido de Crisis Humanitarias
Este párrafo aborda la amenaza al sistema internacional de Derecho establecido después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, evidenciado por la conducta de superpotencias como Israel, Rusia y los Estados Unidos, que justifican sus violaciones del Derecho internacional. Se señala la ineficacia de instituciones como el Consejo de Seguridad y la Corte Internacional de Justicia. Además, se mencionan crisis humanitarias 'olvidadas' en países como Sudán y Myanmar, donde se cometen violaciones masivas de derechos y se destaca la falta de acción internacional para abordar estas situaciones.
📊 Riesgos de la Inteligencia Artificial y el Uso ABUSIVO de la Tecnología
Este párrafo destaca los peligros que conlleva el uso de la inteligencia artificial y la tecnología no regulada en el ámbito de los derechos humanos. Se menciona el uso de plataformas de redes sociales para propagar la violencia étnica y el abuso de la tecnología de reconocimiento facial y el espionaje, que han tenido un impacto negativo en la protección de los derechos humanos. Se hace un llamado a la regulación de las grandes empresas tecnológicas y a la necesidad de moratorias para evitar el desastre en la sociedad.
🌍 Desafíos Globales y Llamado a la Acción
Este párrafo aborda los desafíos globales que enfrenta la sociedad, incluyendo la crisis climática y la revolución de la tecnología de la información. Se destaca la urgencia de enfrentar la realidad de un sistema internacional al borde del colapso y la necesidad de acciones para proteger a las futuras generaciones. Se hace un llamado a la conciencia y la responsabilidad colectiva para abordar la situación crítica y peligrosa que se vive en la actualidad.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Democracia Ahora
💡Amnistía Internacional
💡Leyes internacionales
💡Consecuencias aterradoras
💡Conflicto en Gaza
💡Agresión de Rusia contra Ucrania
💡Autoritarismo
💡Derechos humanos
💡Integridad del sistema internacional
💡Genocidio
💡Inteligencia artificial
Highlights
Amnesty International highlights Israel's assault on Gaza and accuses the U.S. of failing to denounce rights violations by Israel.
The report details Russia's ongoing aggression against Ukraine and rising authoritarianism in Sudan, Ethiopia, and Myanmar.
Amnesty International's Secretary General condemns Israel for war crimes and criticizes its allies for not stopping the violence.
Discussion of the dire human rights situation in Gaza, including mass graves and extensive destruction of civilian infrastructure.
Amnesty International reports on the use of famine as a weapon of war and the unprecedented civilian harm in Gaza.
The U.S. uses its Security Council veto power to prevent intervention and protect Israel from condemnation.
The report criticizes the international system as collapsing, with major powers justifying violations of international law.
The need for a comprehensive investigation into mass graves in Gaza, hindered by lack of access and preservation of crime scenes.
Evidence of Israel's repeated war crimes documented by Amnesty International since October 7.
The U.S.'s conflicting signals on Israel, verbally calling for ceasefires while continuing to arm Israel.
Amnesty International asserts that the U.S. is complicit in Israel's actions by continuing to supply weapons.
The wider context of global conflict includes the demise of the post-World War II international order and increasing armed conflicts.
The report highlights 'forgotten crises' in places like Myanmar and Sudan, suffering massive rights violations with little international attention.
Concerns about the role of artificial intelligence in exacerbating racism, discrimination, and public election interference.
The call for regulation of generative AI technologies and big tech companies to prevent human rights abuses.
Transcripts
this is democracy Now democracynow.org
the Warren peace report I'm Amy Goodman
with Nur SCH the world is reaping a
harvest of terrifying consequences from
escalating conflict and the near
breakdown of international law Amnesty
International said yesterday as it
launched its annual report on human
rights in 155 countries the report
highlights Israel's assault on Gaza with
evidence of war crimes continuing to
mount as well as us failures to denounce
rights violations committed by Israel
it also called out Russia's ongoing
aggression against Ukraine and pointed
to the rise of authoritarianism and
massive rights violations in Sudan
Ethiopia and
Myanmar amnesty International's
Secretary General anes kayar said quote
Israel's flagrant disregard for
international law is compounded by the
failures of its allies to stop the
Indescribable civilian Bloodshed Meed
out in Gaza many of those allies
were the very architects of that postor
War II system of law end quote well anes
kalar joins us now from London welcome
to democracy now we so appreciate you
being on with us um if you can start off
by talking about the situation um in
Gaza right now you just heard in our
previous segment the Gaza based
journalist describing uh the discovery
of the hundreds of bodies in a mass
grave at the Nasser medical complex
following Israel's Siege of the
hospital what are you calling for right
now thank you very much for uh welcoming
me on your program ah you know I I've
listened to the journalist and um what
what can we what can I add uh more um
since uh October 7 we have been
documented a plethora of V viations
committed first by Hamas and then by the
Israeli authorities but in particular um
the Israel authorities have been um you
know have committed an extraordinary
amount of violations of international
law the indiscriminate and targeted
bombing of uh civilians we know now that
there is at least 30,000 of them that
have been killed 70% of the
infrastructure
of Gaza have been destroyed I'm talking
civilian infrastructure schools
hospitals cemeteries cultural
institutions um we know that um there
has been the highest number of
journalists killed in any conflict the
highest number of humanitarian workers
killed in any conflict we know that
famine is being used as a weapon of War
we know that Collective punishment has
been waged against the the Palestinian
people and we also now know um of you
know clear evidence of extrajudicial
killings as highlighted by the discovery
of those Mass Graves that are coming on
top of all the um detentions and uh use
of torture and and ill treatment so the
the scale of the violations committed
over the last 6 months is
unprecedented and I want to insist on
that it is unprecedented the harm to
civilians is
unprecedented and what is making matters
worth is that this is all broadcasted
every day in front of our very eyes and
yet nothing nothing is being done to
prevent that Bloodshed the United States
has been using its right of veto at the
security Council to prevent any kind of
meaningful intervention it has shielded
um Israel from the denunciation that
that was required it has protected them
it has pretended for the longest period
of time that no violations were
committed this is why Amnesty
International is concluding that the the
the the International System is on the
brink of collapse right now
international law is not just
violated people who are violating
international law are justifying their
violations and that means they are
pretending that international law either
has no meaning or does not apply to them
but whatever intention they have the
outcome is the empting out of
international law the empting out of the
Geneva Convention uh that were supposed
to regulate War the empting out of the
genocide convention the empting out of
the universal Declaration of Human right
and the completely uselessness of the
security Council we have an
international court of justice that
could play a role and yet its rulings
are being ignored so all in all coming
on the on the hills of Russia's
aggression of Ukraine the only
conclusion that we can reach is that the
International System is collapsing and
that the world is being plunged back to
where we were promised will happen never
again Dr anas kalar we want to go to uh
US National Security adviser Jake
Sullivan who on Wednesday called for an
investigation into the mass Graves at
Nasser
hospital we have been in touch at
multiple levels with the Israeli
government we want answers we want to
understand exactly what happened you've
seen some public commentary from the IDF
on that but we want to know the
specifics of what the circumstances of
this were and we want to see this
thoroughly and transparently invest at
so that the whole world can have a
comprehensive answer and we the United
States can as well so uh that's Jake
Sullivan speaking Wednesday if you could
respond to that and what kind of
Investigation you believe needs to
happen and who should conduct this
investigation well first and foremost um
Amnesty International and others have
been calling on for those investigation
for a very long time the journalist that
was speaking before me pointed out that
those inv investigation have been called
on since 2014 and nothing has ever
happened you cannot rely on the Israeli
authorities to deliver any kind of
meaningful uh investigation right now no
one can enter Gaza no one can provide uh
the expertise required for this
investigation we have mass Graves people
are looking and that's absolutely uh
human are looking for their for their
loved one which means that the crime
scene itself is going to be less within
a few hours or a few days there are
absolutely nobody there who can protect
the crime scene who can provide the
necessary expertise uh so that at least
we have a sense of how people died when
did they die and and the kind of um
violation that have been perpetrated
against them so yes we want an
investigation but I don't think this is
a genuine demand for an investigation
people know that masg graes are
extremely fragile and right now they are
probably no crime scene left to be
investigated effectively but we don't
need that investigation to conclude that
um Israel has been committing war crimes
after war crimes after war crimes we
have plenty of evidence since October 7
of many of those violations we at
Amnesty International have documented
with good evidence um indiscriminate
shelling of civilians we know from
people on the ground that almost all
civilians in frr rors have been
destroyed and this cannot be justified
just by the the the notion of military
objective of military necessity we have
the the evidence required to conclude
that Israel has you know repeatedly
repeatedly to an extent
unprecedented unprecedented extent
violated international law it is now
time for the United States more than
time it's too late in fact for the
United to take a stand to denounce
Israel's violations to stop arming
Israel because that's what they are
still doing and to do everything in
their power to put an end to this
Bloodshed to the killings of the
Palestinians that we are all witnessing
that we are all made to witness can you
talk Dr kalamar about the US disconnect
of the Biden Administration on the one
hand uh con calling vaguely for
ceasefire and saying from blinkin to
President Biden their hearts are broken
uh when it comes to Palestinian
casualties but on the other hand
continuing to supply the
weapons it's not a disconnect I think
it's very well organized and very well
scripted you know that they are making
some sound that they feel they have to
make but that has absolutely no impact
on on their actions uh we are now middle
of April uh a month ago finally the
United States agreed to a
ceasefire uh adding though that it was
nonbinding so you know that that that
also shows uh that their heart was not
really into um the the ceasefire last
one the US
abstained yes um insisting that the um
that the that the ceasefire was uh was
actually not not that the resolution was
non-binding um they have had plenty of
of opportunities since October 7 to
demand a ceasefire but they use their
right of veto to to stop it and let let
me add and as well as the the release of
all hostages um so you know it's not a
disconnect I think it's a very well
planned very well scripted commitment uh
to support uh Israel all way including
to a possible genocide because let's
recall that the international court of
justice has concluded that the risk of
genocide were extremely high and we have
every evidence in front of us of that of
those risk indeed some eminent legal
Scholars have concluded that genocide
was already occurring so the United
States is providing support to a country
that is VI ating international law
repeatedly that is justifying those
violations in the name of going after uh
ramas without due respect for the um the
proportionality and the Discrimination
that should accompany uh their actions
um by so doing the United States is
making itself complicit to some of the
worst possible crimes being committed
right now and uh Dr anas uh kalar if you
could put this in the wider context of
what your rep report uh uh finds you've
said that the world is facing the demise
of the 1948 International order created
after the second World War uh amid both
the conflict in Gaza and in Ukraine if
you could elaborate uh on your
conclusions
sure um so I've already highlighted uh
what's happening in Gaza and H how
Israel is violating international law
and is justifying those violations this
is coming hot on the hills of Russia's
aggression in Ukraine itself a violation
of the UN Charter Russia too is
justifying its violation of
international law it's justifying its
violation of the UN Charter in the name
of some kind of um vision of its own uh
security Russia too has been justifying
its repeated violations of international
uh Geneva Convention through its
bombardment of um of of Ukrainian
through the the forced transfer of
populations so over the last 14 24
months we have seen some of the main um
superpowers in this world uh claiming
that the international legal system that
was established after World War II does
not apply to them we have seen Russia
doing that we have seen Israel doing
that and we have seen the United States
doing that by proxy uh through its
support to um to Israel those
institution that were established after
World War II including the security
Council and later on the international
criminal court the international court
of justice these are the backbone of
preventing the very worst happening to
the world and those in institution have
been rendered you know useless really um
the security Council cannot do anything
for peace and security because of the
abuse of the veto power the
international court of justice is
delivering very strong rulings that
everyone is ignoring the international
criminal court is delivering warrant
including against President Putin that
must people are ignoring so those
institution that are supposed to protect
us all are not protecting us anymore and
the international legal framework the
international normative framework is
being progressively emptied out through
those actions and through the
justification of those violations when
Israel is saying international law does
not apply to us because we have a
well-founded military objective and
Military necessity they are pretending
that this military necessity takes
precedence of over everything that is
not the case that is not the case when
Russia is saying uh International un
shter does not apply to us because of
whatever NATO may be doing uh they are
also empting out the UN Charter that is
not the purpose of the UN Charter that
is not there to um to be violated by
Russia in that way so the the entire
legal normative framework right now is
is at risk of completely collapsing and
what do we have instead nothing we have
the power of the arms the weapons um and
we you know we are basically going back
to our pre9 uh
1940 uh situation we are back to where
we were supposed not to ever ever again
go back to and if you could also talk
about you know a number of uh places
that the report highlights that receive
very little media attention uh me ymar
and and Sudan if you could talk about
the massive rights violations going on
there yes absolutely and that too um I
should have mentioned these are the
so-called forgotten crisis um a they are
characterized by Massive violations by
parties to to that conflict uh Sudan in
particular I've seen thousands of people
dead over the last uh 12 months the
largest number of people um refugees uh
abroad in in a very short period of time
the massive use of sexual violence
ethnic violence um and finally when the
security Council took action it took
them almost a year um their their
resolution has been completely ignored
so the the suffering in Sudan is falling
off the international agenda and yet it
is extremely uh extremely
heartbreaking in Myanmar uh there the uh
the military um government has been
protected by China we finally saw the
security Council a year a year and a
half ago uh taking a res a resolution
that was quite timid but a first step
but meanwhile the militaries have been
uh uh armed uh by uh by China they have
continued their indiscriminate or even
targeted um attack on on civilians
throughout the territory hundreds of
people have been arrested uh tortured
even political prisoners have been
condemned to death sentenced to death
and killed um that's the situation in
Myanmar I'm not mentioning the
Democratic Republic of Congo that has
completely Fallen the agenda for the
last 20 30 years and yet it is probably
the longest ever crisis again where no
one is taking action or the the kind of
action that is that is being required so
the Forgotten crisis around the world
are multiplying they are increasing in
fact according to the expert we are
witnessing an increase in the number of
armed conflict uh around the world a
reflection of a very unstable
International System a reflection of the
conflict between the three superpower
vying for emony the United States Russia
and and China and the multiplication of
those Conflict by proxy I will say
between them is uh costed uh in in human
lives in hundred and thousands millions
of human lives around the world finally
anes kalamar if you can talk about the
alarm that you're sounding in this
report on artificial intelligence and
its role in furthering racism
discrimination division during public
election
you note the dominance of big Tech risks
a supercharging of human rights
violations talk about what you see as
the
dangers absolutely so we know that over
the last 12 months we have seen
generative uh artificial intelligence um
coming into our almost um daily daily
reality um it is a technology that no
one really fully understand certainly
not politicians and policy makers it is
one that is completely unregulated as of
now and if what has happened with
artificial intelligence non-generative
One Is to Be The Benchmark by which to
assess what is going to happen in the
future then we need to be very worried
over the last few years Amnesty
International has been monitoring how
artificial intelligence um you know in
in uh through through for instance uh
platform social media platform platform
uh in the the in facial recognitions
through the Spy Wes all of those
technologies have had disastrous impact
on human rights over the last 12 months
in uh Facebook for instance platforms
have been used to um to to you know to
uh to Launch to spread ethnic violence
in in Ethiopia uh in Serbia we have
documented that semi
automated uh algorithm have been used uh
particularly in the context of the
provision of public social assistance in
ways that has discriminated against Roma
people and people with uh disability
spywares that were denounced um that
have been denounced since 2020 2021 with
the Pegasus project well guess what in
2023 we found more evidence of Pegasus
being used uh in many countries around
the world including India where we're
going to have a elections coming up so
um the the control of the spyware is not
happening in addition to Pegasus that
continue to be used around the world we
have monitored this year the use of the
pr data uh files which is EU European
based and that too has been used and
sold around the world including against
journalist activist human rights um
Defenders so abusive facial
recognition um abusive Mass surveillance
abusive uh use of spyware all of those
things are extremely dangerous for human
rights including in a context where
there is a multiplication of arm
conflict
and they should be the object of
moratorium we are calling as well on
those big tech company whose business
model is
feeding um the the multiplication of
data of certain kind of data we are
calling on them as well to a to be much
better regulated than they are now but
also to take action to regulate their
own content but it's it's a wild west
it's the Wild West in a context of um
the collapse of the International System
this is why we are sounding the alarm I
mean you know
the as of today we have the
International System on the brink of
collapse we have a an an industrial
revolution uh revolution of Information
Technology that no one is regulating
effectively and that has the potential
to to run a you know a major disaster
for for societies it is is more than
time more than time to wake up to the
reality that we are confronting if we
want if we want to you know to to
deliver um to our children and
grandchildren a safer Planet I haven't
even mentioned the climate crisis in the
midst of it all so I'm sorry if I'm
being very um apocalyptic here but I
think people need to wake up to that to
the reality that we are really really
facing a a an incredibly serious
dangerous situation for all of us analar
we want to thank you so much for being
with us Amnesty International Secretary
General speaking to us from London
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