Teknik Radiografi Thorax

Summary

This video script provides a comprehensive guide to performing a thoracic radiography exam, covering various projection techniques such as PA, AP axial, and lateral views. It details each step of the procedure, from patient preparation and positioning to the correct use of radiographic equipment. The script emphasizes precision in positioning, marker placement, and exposure settings to ensure accurate imaging. It also offers instructions for patient breathing coordination during exposures, ensuring optimal results for diagnostic purposes.

Takeaways

• 😀 Verify patient details (name, age, address) before starting the radiography procedure.
• 😀 Patient is required to change into a hospital gown before the radiography examination begins.
• 😀 The procedure involves multiple thoracic X-ray projections: PA (Postero-Anterior), AP (Antero-Posterior), AP Axial (Lordotic), and lateral.
• 😀 Ensure proper marker placement for each projection to avoid anatomical errors in the X-ray image.
• 😀 Instruct the patient to follow specific breathing patterns, including 'inhale, exhale, hold your breath' during the exposure phase.
• 😀 The PA projection requires the patient to stand facing the X-ray tube with specific positioning of the cassette.
• 😀 In the AP Axial (Lordotic) projection, the patient faces the X-ray tube and steps forward slightly to adjust the posture.
• 😀 For the lateral projection, the patient’s left side should be positioned against the cassette to properly capture the thoracic anatomy.
• 😀 The correct setup of the X-ray machine includes adjusting the focus-film distance (FFD), tube settings, and ensuring proper alignment of the equipment.
• 😀 After each exposure, the patient should return to normal breathing, and radiographers should ensure all steps are followed to avoid errors like cutting off body parts in the image.

Q & A

What is the initial step before starting the X-ray examination?

The initial step is confirming the patient's details, such as their name, age, and address, and ensuring that the photo and data match the request for the examination.

What type of X-ray machine is used for thoracic radiography?

A standard X-ray machine, specifically a sinar-X (X-ray tube), is used for the thoracic radiography examination.

Why is it important to place the marker correctly during the X-ray procedure?

The marker needs to be placed correctly to avoid misinterpretation of the image. Incorrect placement can result in parts of the anatomy being cut off or lead to incorrect labeling of the X-ray.

What is the role of the focus-film distance (FFD) in X-ray positioning?

The focus-film distance (FFD) refers to the distance between the X-ray tube and the film or image receptor. It is crucial to set this correctly to ensure accurate imaging and avoid distortion.

What is the significance of the T7 vertebral level during the X-ray process?

The T7 level, located at the inferior angle of the scapula, is used as a reference point for setting the central ray (CR) during the positioning of the patient for thoracic X-rays.

What is the difference between the PA (Posteroanterior) and AP Axial projections?

In the PA projection, the patient faces the X-ray machine, while in the AP Axial projection, the patient faces away from the X-ray machine and the tube is angled to capture a different view of the thorax.

Why is the patient instructed to inhale and hold their breath during the X-ray?

Inhaling and holding the breath helps to stabilize the chest, ensuring clearer images without movement or distortion caused by the patient’s breathing.

What is the purpose of the lateral projection in thoracic radiography?

The lateral projection is used to provide a side view of the thorax, which is essential for assessing the anatomy of the lungs, heart, and surrounding structures.

Why is the left side typically positioned for lateral chest X-rays?

The left side is preferred for the lateral projection because it offers a clearer view of the heart, which is located on the left side of the body.

How is the positioning of the patient's arms important during the lateral chest X-ray?

The patient’s arms must be raised above the head to avoid obscuring the chest area and to ensure the X-ray beam passes through without interference from the limbs.