TITRASI ASAM BASA : KIMIA SMA KELAS 11

Summary

This script explains the process of acid-base titration, a method used to determine the concentration of acids or bases in a solution. Key concepts include titrants (the known solution), titrands (the unknown solution), and important terms such as equivalence point and endpoint. The script also outlines the steps involved in conducting a titration experiment, using examples with NaOH and HCl, as well as formulas for calculating molarities. Additionally, it covers different titration scenarios involving substances like KOH, H2SO4, and HNO3, demonstrating how to determine concentrations and pH values through titration.

Takeaways

• 😀 Titration is an analytical technique used to determine the concentration of an acid or base by measuring the volume of one solution reacting with a known volume of another.
• 😀 Titration is also called volumetric analysis because it focuses on the volume of titrant used during the reaction.
• 😀 Key terms in titration include titran (the solution with known concentration), titrand (the solution with unknown concentration), equivalence point (when acid and base are in exact proportion), and end point (when the indicator changes color).
• 😀 The formula for titration calculations is: M_A * V_A * n_A = M_B * V_B * n_B, where M represents molarity, V is volume, and n is the valency of the acid or base.
• 😀 The equipment used in titration includes a buret for dispensing titrant, an Erlenmeyer flask for the titrand, and an indicator that signals the end point by changing color.
• 😀 To calculate the concentration of an unknown acid or base, the volumes and concentrations of the known solutions are substituted into the titration formula.
• 😀 In the example where NaOH titrates HCl, the molarity of HCl is calculated to be 0.2 M based on the volume and molarity of NaOH used.
• 😀 The molarity of KOH is determined using HCl as the titrant, and by substituting the appropriate values into the titration formula, the molarity is found to be 0.125 M.
• 😀 When titrating NaOH with HCl, average volumes are used to find the molarity of the unknown solution (in this case, HCl), yielding a concentration of 0.0408 M.
• 😀 The volume of NaOH required to titrate H2SO4 is calculated by using the titration formula and the known molarities of both solutions, resulting in a volume of 20 mL NaOH.
• 😀 The pH of HNO3 can be calculated after titration with Ba(OH)2 by first determining its concentration and then applying the formula for pH, which results in a pH of 1.62.

Q & A

What is the purpose of titration in acid-base analysis?

Titration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base solution by adding a solution of known concentration (titrant) until the reaction reaches the equivalence point.

What are the main components involved in an acid-base titration?

The main components in an acid-base titration are the titrant (a solution of known concentration), the titrate (a solution with an unknown concentration), and an indicator (which signals the end point of the titration).

What is the equivalence point in titration?

The equivalence point is the stage in a titration where the moles of hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid equal the moles of hydroxide ions (OH-) from the base, meaning the reaction between the acid and base is complete.

What is the difference between the equivalence point and the end point?

The equivalence point is where the acid and base have completely reacted, while the end point is where the indicator changes color, signaling the completion of the titration process.

What is the formula used to calculate concentrations in titration?

The formula used in titration is: M_A × V_A × B_A = M_B × V_B × B_B, where M is molarity, V is volume, and B is the valency of the acid or base.

How do you calculate the molarity of an unknown solution in titration?

To calculate the molarity of an unknown solution, you use the titration formula and substitute the known values (molarity, volume, and valency) for both the acid and the base.

In the titration example with NaOH and HCl, how is the molarity of HCl determined?

The molarity of HCl is calculated using the formula by multiplying the molarity and volume of NaOH by the valency of NaOH and dividing by the volume and valency of HCl.

What is the role of the indicator in acid-base titration?

The indicator is used to signal the end point of the titration by changing color when the equivalence point is reached, helping to identify when the titration is complete.

Why is it important to carefully control the volume of titrant added during titration?

Careful control of the titrant volume is essential to accurately reach the equivalence point, as it ensures that the right amount of titrant is used to completely neutralize the titrate.

How is the molarity of KOH determined in the example where 20 mL of KOH is titrated with 25 mL of 0.1 M HCl?

The molarity of KOH is determined using the titration formula by substituting the known values for HCl (molarity, volume, and valency) and KOH (volume and valency), resulting in a molarity of 0.125 M for KOH.