Mahatma Gandhi, Sosok Inspiratif Pejuang Kemerdekaan India, tanpa Kekerasan

Summary

Mahatma Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869, originally named Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, became a key figure in India's struggle for independence. After marrying at 13 and having four children, he studied law in London. Gandhi faced challenges finding work in India, leading him to South Africa, where he established a political community. He returned to India at 46 and led the nationalist movement, famously protesting British salt laws with a 387 km march. Advocating nonviolent resistance, he launched the Quit India Movement during World War II. Tragically, he was assassinated at 78, leaving a legacy of nonviolent activism worldwide.

Takeaways

• 😀 Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, originally named Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
• 😀 He married at the age of 13 and had four children.
• 😀 At 18, Gandhi traveled to London to study law to become a lawyer.
• 😀 Struggling to find work in India, he moved to South Africa, where he spent 20 years.
• 😀 In South Africa, Gandhi established a strong Indian community and became a political leader.
• 😀 At 46, he returned to India and became a leader of the Indian nationalist movement.
• 😀 Gandhi protested against British salt laws by producing salt from seawater, known as the Salt March, covering 387 km.
• 😀 His activism led to the imprisonment of 60,000 Indians during the struggle for independence.
• 😀 Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence, called 'Satyagraha', emphasizes adherence to truth without violence.
• 😀 The Quit India movement demanded the orderly withdrawal of the British from India, leading to independence and the partition into India and Pakistan.

Q & A

What is the birth date and name of Mahatma Gandhi?

Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, and his original name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

At what age did Gandhi get married, and how many children did he have?

Gandhi got married at the age of 13 and had four children.

Why did Gandhi travel to London?

Gandhi traveled to London to study law in order to become a lawyer.

What challenges did Gandhi face in India regarding his career?

Gandhi struggled to find work in India, which led him to seek opportunities in South Africa.

What significant contribution did Gandhi make during his 20 years in South Africa?

In South Africa, Gandhi formed the Indian community and helped it become a political force.

What was the significance of Gandhi's Salt March?

The Salt March was a protest against British salt laws, during which Gandhi and his followers marched 387 kilometers to make salt from seawater, leading to the imprisonment of 60,000 Indians.

What does the term 'Satyagraha' mean?

Satyagraha is a philosophy of non-violence and truthfulness that Gandhi promoted as a means of resistance against oppression.

What was the Quit India Movement?

The Quit India Movement was a campaign launched by Gandhi in 1942, demanding the end of British rule in India.

What were the consequences of India's independence in 1947?

India gained independence from British rule, but it resulted in the partition of the country into two nations: India and Pakistan.

How did Mahatma Gandhi's life end, and what is his legacy?

Gandhi was assassinated by an extremist at the age of 78. He is remembered worldwide as a symbol of non-violent resistance in the struggle for freedom.