Les bons gestes en maçonnerie - Voile Banché

Summary

This instructional video guides viewers through the process of creating a reinforced concrete wall using a formwork system (banche). The steps include preparing the site, setting up formwork panels, ensuring safety protocols, and accurately positioning armatures and other materials. Key steps also cover pouring the concrete, vibrating it for proper compaction, and securing openings. The video emphasizes safety measures, precise measurements, and correct assembly to achieve a stable and durable concrete structure. It concludes with the careful deconstruction of the formwork and inspection of the completed wall.

Takeaways

• 😀 Prepare the work site by checking all required materials like banches, plastic wedges, magnets, and safety gear such as gloves, helmet, and shoes.
• 😀 Safety is a priority when handling banches. Always check for guard rails and safety accessories when working at height.
• 😀 The first step in building the formwork is to mark the placement of the future wall and verify that reinforcement is correct. Avoid bending reinforcement bars.
• 😀 Set the first row of formwork by placing the appropriate weight, cleaning, and positioning the banches, adjusting their height if necessary.
• 😀 Prepare the wall by marking the level line, stop points, and positions for the mannequins, ensuring everything is aligned and adjusted before continuing.
• 😀 Reinforce the wall according to the structural plan. Use spacers and fix the rebar with appropriate coverage and overlap.
• 😀 Ensure electrical boxes and other incorporations are correctly placed, coordinating with electricians when necessary.
• 😀 Secure the formwork by checking that the spacing between the banches is correct and adjusting the tongs and ties to align everything properly.
• 😀 Pour concrete in layers, vibrating it thoroughly to ensure even distribution and compactness. Avoid over-vibrating and ensure the bottom layer is compacted well.
• 😀 When de-coffering, make sure to check the concrete’s setting before removing the formwork. Take extra care to clean the equipment and reinstall it correctly.
• 😀 Ensure the wall is correctly aligned and check all openings and reinforcements for the final adjustment of the structure.

Q & A

What materials are required to construct a traditional formwork for a wall?

The required materials include metallic or wooden formwork panels (banche), plastic talonnettes (shims), two formwork stops, a mannequin, magnets, cones, a ratchet key, a baramine, a vibrating needle, release oil, a weight (lest), and an individual rolling platform. Additionally, safety gear such as gloves, a helmet, protective glasses, hearing protection, and safety shoes are essential.

How do you ensure safety when working with formwork?

Safety is ensured by wearing proper protective gear (gloves, helmet, eye protection, etc.) and verifying that safety accessories like guardrails are in place when working at heights. Additionally, it's important to check for any hazards like exposed steel rebar and avoid sliding hands between the steels.

What is the first step in preparing the site for formwork?

The first step is preparing the location for the future formwork. This involves tracing the position of the wall, checking that the expectations respect a minimum covering of 3 cm, and positioning the necessary support elements like the talonnettes. It is important to avoid bending the rebar.

What should be done before placing the first row of formwork panels?

Before positioning the first row of formwork panels, ensure that the formwork is cleaned and that the weight (lest) is properly placed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. The height of the panels should be adjusted using a baramine, and the panels should be leveled and fixed in place.

What is the role of the mannequin in the formwork process?

The mannequin is used as a reference for placing the formwork stops and ensuring that the alignment and plumb of the wall are correct. It also helps to maintain the correct positioning of the formwork during concrete pouring.

How should the reinforcement (armature) be installed in the formwork?

The reinforcement should be installed according to the structural plan, ensuring that the rebar is properly spaced with concrete spacers and overlaps. The first layer of reinforcement (trayis) is placed, followed by adding spacers, then the second layer of reinforcement is positioned, ensuring proper distance between the rebar layers.

What are the precautions to take while preparing the formwork for concrete pouring?

Before pouring concrete, ensure the formwork panels are properly oiled to prevent sticking. The rebar, mannequins, and formwork stops should be securely positioned. Double-check the alignment and level of the panels, and ensure that any necessary tools or reinforcement (like cones or tiges) are in place.

What is the recommended procedure for pouring the concrete?

Concrete should be poured in layers of 30-50 cm, distributing it evenly on both sides of the mannequin to ensure proper compaction. Use a vibrating needle to eliminate air bubbles and compact the concrete without over-vibrating. Continue this process until reaching the desired height, always ensuring proper alignment and plumb.

How do you handle the formwork after the concrete has been poured?

After pouring, the formwork should be left in place until the concrete has properly set. Then, the formwork is carefully detached by first checking the concrete’s strength. Remove the formwork stops and magnets, clean the panels, and then lift and rotate the panels for reuse. Ensure that any necessary safety measures, such as guardrails, are in place.

What steps should be followed when removing the formwork?

When removing the formwork, first check if the concrete has properly set. Begin by removing the formwork stops and loosening the braces. Lift the second skin (layer) of formwork, clean it, and then reposition it on the weight for rotation. Remove any remaining stops, cones, or mannequins. Lastly, open the formwork’s waiting boxes and check the alignment and plumb of the openings and wall.