Crowded Out: The Story of Overtourism

Summary

The video discusses the growing global issue of 'over-tourism,' where the excessive number of visitors to popular destinations negatively impacts local communities, environments, and cultures. It highlights how tourism, once seen as beneficial, now causes overcrowding, rising living costs, environmental damage, and a loss of authenticity in cities like Venice and Barcelona. Experts and residents express concerns about the unsustainable growth of tourism, urging for better management to protect cultural heritage and natural sites. The video calls for a balance between tourism and the preservation of local communities and environments.

Takeaways

• 🌐 **Overtourism Defined**: Overtourism is a situation where locals and tourists alike feel that a place has been overvisited, leading to a loss of authenticity for tourists and irritation for locals.
• 🏙️ **Impact on Locals**: Overtourism has led to increased cost of living, property price inflation, and displacement of locals from their neighborhoods due to short-term rentals.
• 🌍 **Global Phenomenon**: Overtourism is not limited to popular cities but also affects remote and fragile locations, causing environmental damage and local tensions.
• 📈 **Exponential Growth**: The tourism industry has grown exponentially, with a significant increase in tourist arrivals worldwide from 25 million in 1950 to 1.3 billion in 2017.
• ✈️ **Role of Low-Cost Airlines**: The rise of low-cost airlines has made travel more accessible, contributing to the surge in tourist numbers and the problem of overtourism.
• 🏖️ **Environmental Concerns**: Overtourism has led to environmental degradation, with increased waste and strain on natural resources in popular tourist destinations.
• 📰 **Media Influence**: Media often promotes the same destinations, leading to concentrated tourist flows and contributing to the problem of overtourism.
• 🚢 **Cruise Ship Issues**: Cruise ships are a significant source of environmental damage and contribute to 'fly-by' tourism, which adds little value to local economies.
• 🌆 **Urban Challenges**: Cities like Barcelona have been overwhelmed by the impact of overtourism, with local markets becoming tourist attractions and losing their authentic cultural value.
• 🏠 **Housing Crisis**: The surge in tourism has led to a housing crisis in many cities, with locals unable to find affordable housing due to the conversion of residences into short-term rentals.

Q & A

What significant change occurred in the tourism industry in 2017?

In 2017, the concept of 'over tourism' emerged as a significant issue, with protests against mass tourism in Spain and other locations, highlighting the negative impacts of tourism on local communities and environments.

What does the term 'over tourism' imply?

Over tourism refers to a situation where either local people or tourists feel that a place is over visited, causing a loss of authenticity for tourists and irritation for locals, ultimately changing the character of the visited place.

How did the events of 2017 impact Justin Francis' perspective on tourism?

The events of 2017 made Justin Francis, who has dedicated his life to travel and running a travel business, realize the negative consequences of over tourism and the need for a more responsible approach to tourism.

What is the main concern of local communities regarding over tourism?

Local communities are concerned that over tourism is leading to increased cost of living, loss of local culture and identity, and overcrowding, which is making their daily lives unbearable.

What is the impact of over tourism on the city of Venice?

Over tourism in Venice has led to a loss of local identity, with traditional businesses being replaced by souvenir shops, increased property prices leading to locals moving away, and a general degradation of the community.

How has Barcelona been affected by the rise of mass tourism?

Barcelona has experienced an increase in protests from locals, a transformation of local markets into tourist attractions, and a shift in local businesses to cater exclusively to tourists, leading to a loss of authentic culture.

What was the outcome of Thomas Eglee's visit to Gili Trawangan Island?

Thomas Eglee found that Gili Trawangan Island had changed dramatically from a quiet paradise to an overcrowded tourist destination with significant environmental damage, including a hidden rubbish pit.

What are some of the factors contributing to the exponential growth of tourism?

The rise of low-cost airlines, tax breaks for the aviation sector, media promotion of certain destinations, and an increase in global population and affluence have all contributed to the rapid growth of tourism.

What role do cruise liners play in over tourism?

Cruise liners contribute to over tourism by causing environmental damage and promoting 'fly by' tourism, which adds little value to local economies and often overwhelms local infrastructure.

What is the estimated number of international tourist arrivals by 2030?

It is estimated that international tourist arrivals will reach 1.7 billion by 2030, continuing the trend of exponential growth.

What is the call to action for governments regarding tourism management?

Governments are called upon to accept the responsibility of managing tourism, recognizing there are limits to the number of tourists that can be sustained and implementing strategies to prevent over tourism.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 The Changing Face of Tourism

This paragraph introduces the topic of mass tourism and its shifting perception over time. While once seen as beneficial for both tourists and locals due to job creation, by 2017, this narrative began to unravel. Protests in Spain signaled growing resentment, as tourism was increasingly blamed for rising costs of living, environmental damage, and cultural disruption. The emergence of 'over-tourism' marked a turning point, with both tourists and locals expressing concerns about overcrowding and loss of authenticity in popular destinations.

05:02

😔 The Loss of Local Character in Venice

Venice is highlighted as a case study of how over-tourism affects local communities. Residents lament how their city is losing its unique identity, becoming more like a theme park ('Disneyland') for tourists. Short-term rentals have displaced locals, essential services have been replaced by tourist-oriented businesses, and the city’s infrastructure is struggling to handle the overwhelming number of visitors. Locals fear that Venice is losing its essence, with residents being forced to leave due to lack of affordable housing.

10:04

🏝️ Gili Trawangan's Environmental Decline

This paragraph discusses the environmental consequences of over-tourism on Gili Trawangan, a small island in Indonesia. Once a quiet paradise, the island now faces severe environmental degradation due to the influx of over one million tourists annually. The increased number of visitors has led to overcrowding and pollution, including a hidden trash pit that locals and tourists often overlook. Despite the enjoyment tourism brings, the negative environmental impact cannot be ignored, and the need for responsible tourism is emphasized.

15:06

🚢 The Global Backlash Against Over-Tourism

A global backlash against over-tourism is emerging as many destinations are overwhelmed by increasing numbers of tourists. From Thailand to Scotland, local populations are protesting against the environmental and social damage caused by tourism. Large cruise ships and cheap flights, driven by tax breaks and media promotion, are exacerbating the problem. Cities like Barcelona have suffered from skyrocketing property prices due to short-term rentals, pushing out locals. The unchecked growth of tourism is straining both natural and cultural resources worldwide.

20:08

🏠 Residents Forced to Leave Their Homes

This paragraph focuses on the personal toll that over-tourism takes on local residents in cities like Venice. Many locals, despite their love for their hometown, are being forced to consider leaving due to declining living conditions and rising costs. The prioritization of tourists over locals has led to a significant cultural and social shift, making everyday life difficult. Residents express frustration over the lack of governmental action to address these issues and are left contemplating whether to stay or leave their beloved cities.

Keywords

💡Overtourism

Overtourism refers to a situation where the number of tourists exceeds the capacity of a destination, leading to a degradation of the local environment, culture, and the quality of life for residents. In the video, it is defined as a condition where both locals and tourists feel that the destination is over-visited, losing its authenticity for visitors and creating frustration for the local population. The protests in places like Spain and Venice highlight the negative impact of overtourism, including rising living costs and environmental damage.

💡Mass Tourism

Mass tourism describes the phenomenon of large numbers of tourists visiting the same destination, often leading to overcrowding and strain on local infrastructure. In the video, mass tourism is criticized for transforming local communities into tourist hubs, driving up housing costs, and converting local businesses into tourist-focused enterprises. This influx results in residents being pushed out and local cultures being diluted, as seen in Barcelona and Venice.

💡Local Resistance

Local resistance refers to the pushback by residents against the negative effects of overtourism, as they see their cities becoming dominated by tourists. In the video, protests across Europe, particularly in Spain and Venice, show how local communities are frustrated with the rising cost of living, loss of local culture, and the transformation of their homes into tourist destinations. The resistance highlights the clash between the tourism industry's economic benefits and its social and environmental costs.

💡Touristification

Touristification is the process by which local areas, businesses, and even infrastructure are adapted to serve tourists rather than residents. The video illustrates this in Venice, where traditional stores like butchers and pharmacies are replaced by souvenir shops, and local housing is converted into short-term rentals for tourists, driving residents away. This shift alters the character of cities, turning them into 'tourist towns' devoid of local life.

💡Sustainability

Sustainability in tourism refers to the concept of developing tourism in a way that minimizes its negative impact on the environment, culture, and local populations while ensuring long-term benefits. The video suggests that the tourism industry has failed to become truly sustainable, with the rapid growth of tourist numbers surpassing the capacity of many destinations to cope without environmental or social degradation. The discussion on managing destinations emphasizes the need for more strategic planning to avoid irreversible damage.

💡Cultural Dilution

Cultural dilution occurs when local traditions, lifestyles, and identities are overshadowed or replaced by commercialized and homogenized tourist offerings. The video explains how tourism has led to the loss of cultural authenticity in cities like Venice and Barcelona, where markets that once served locals are now focused on selling products to tourists, and local traditions are commodified for visitors. This dilution makes cities lose the very uniqueness that originally attracted tourists.

💡Cruise Tourism

Cruise tourism refers to the influx of tourists arriving in large numbers on cruise ships, which can have severe environmental and economic impacts on local communities. The video highlights how cruise ships, especially in cities like Venice, overwhelm local infrastructure while contributing little to the local economy. These massive ships are described as 'fly-by' tourism, where visitors spend only a few hours in the city, creating crowding but not supporting local businesses.

💡Environmental Damage

Environmental damage in tourism refers to the harm caused to ecosystems and natural landscapes due to the influx of tourists. In the video, destinations like Gili Trawangan Island in Indonesia are cited as examples where mass tourism has led to significant environmental degradation, including waste management problems and pollution. The visual contrast between the island’s past and present underscores the irreversible environmental costs of unchecked tourism growth.

💡Tourism Backlash

Tourism backlash describes the increasing global resentment and protests against the harmful effects of tourism. The video discusses how local populations in destinations like Barcelona and Venice have taken to the streets, angry about rising housing prices, environmental degradation, and the overwhelming number of tourists disrupting their daily lives. This backlash is a global phenomenon, with residents around the world pushing for more regulation and limits on tourism growth.

💡Tourism Industry

The tourism industry refers to the global network of businesses and services catering to tourists, including airlines, hotels, tour operators, and cruise lines. The video argues that while tourism is often perceived as a benign or 'fun' activity, it has grown into a massive industry with significant economic, social, and environmental impacts. The discussion with Elizabeth Becker highlights how governments and regulators have been slow to recognize and manage tourism as a serious industry, leading to unchecked growth and the current crises of overtourism.

Highlights

Tourism, once seen as a benign industry, has now become a source of protest and unrest in places like Spain due to its negative impacts on local economies and living conditions.

The concept of 'overtourism' emerged in 2017, describing a situation where destinations are overwhelmed by visitors, leading to dissatisfaction for both tourists and locals.

Justin Francis, who has spent years in the tourism industry, reflects on the protests of 2017, which revealed a global backlash against unchecked tourism growth.

Professor Harold Goodwin explains overtourism as a situation where both tourists and locals feel the place is overrun, losing its authenticity and character.

An anecdote from South Africa illustrates how tourism can alienate locals, as an elderly woman felt objectified by tourists treating her township like an exhibit.

In Venice, locals are protesting the mass tourism that has turned the city into a 'Disneyland,' pushing out residents and replacing traditional businesses with tourist-centric ones.

Venice's fragile infrastructure and unique layout struggle to cope with the influx of tourists, and locals feel they are losing the city's identity.

Barcelona’s markets have become tourist attractions rather than places for locals to shop, shifting from selling fresh food to catering to tourists with fruit juice and other novelties.

Mass tourism is a global issue, with fragile locations like Gili Trawangan in Indonesia experiencing severe environmental and cultural damage due to rapid, unregulated tourist growth.

Photographer Thomas Eglee’s project documented the dramatic transformation of Gili Trawangan, which changed from a quiet paradise to an overcrowded tourist hotspot in just 30 years.

Environmental impacts of tourism are often hidden from view, with places like Gili Trawangan suffering from large waste problems due to the huge number of visitors.

Elizabeth Becker, author of 'Overbooked,' highlights that the tourism industry has escaped scrutiny and grown exponentially, with 1.3 billion tourist arrivals in 2017.

Cheap flights, fueled by tax breaks for the aviation sector, are a major driver of mass tourism, making travel more accessible but exacerbating the pressure on destinations.

Cruise liners, another major contributor to overtourism, cause environmental damage while bringing tourists who contribute little to local economies.

Airbnb and short-term rentals are pushing locals out of cities like Barcelona, with property owners profiting from tourists while housing for residents becomes scarce.

There is a growing recognition that tourism must be managed responsibly to avoid further damaging the world’s most valuable natural and cultural destinations.

Transcripts

[Music]

this is a story about tourism and a

world on the move tourism has been

widely regarded as a benign industry a

win-win for tourists and local people

who benefit from the jobs that the

industry creates

in 2017 everything changed the group

protesting against mass tourism in Spain

has threatened further attacks after

time tourists for driving up the cost of

rents and basic necessities the world's

largest cruise ship was embarked on its

maiden voyage from Barcelona to manager

so - that is the order tourism is the

toxic that's getting more and more

attention over to another

[Music]

my name is Justin Francis much of my

life and work has been dedicated to

travel my own travel has led me to

enriching experiences and a warm embrace

from local people for the past 17 years

I've run a travel business which allows

others to have similar experiences the

events of 2017 sent shockwaves through

the tourism industry and a new term

emerged over tourism I spoke to

Professor Harold Goodwin to understand

what it means I think over tourism is

actually quite easy to understand and

the reason the word is caught on is that

people understand immediately what it

means it means a situation where either

local people all the tourists feel that

the place is just over visited and that

it's changing its character so for the

tourists it loses authenticity and for

the local people it just causes

irritation and annoyance when that all

add additive this is your holiday but

this is my home it rings really true now

didn't you do you think that's I think

that campaign hit the nail on the head

we take our holidays in other people's

homes when I was working here in South

Africa back in 2000 or 2001 I went with

the Township operator in the back of a

small minibus into into kaliesha and he

wanted me to meet an elderly lady who

was trying to start a restaurant in her

house and it was an amazing experience

you know one of those privileged times

that you remember but I'd been invited

into our house we came out and there was

a big fifty seater coach parked outside

and the tourist rules stood up at the

windows shooting with a camera down at

us and she turned to me and she said

they think we're animals and that really

went home I just thought this is

appalling

yeah and that is over tourism

frustrated and appalled by such

treatment communities across Europe took

to the streets and turned against

tourism in angry protests I'm going to

try to find out more about what

triggered these outbursts what's changed

and why have many local communities had

enough of tourism

you

[Music]

it's a it's a fight every everyday it's

a fight we still survive but I'm not

with you know they call us the pandas or

anything the few left citizens there

must be a way to contain this okay there

is a maximum amount of tourists this

place can carry so this huge flow we're

getting every day it's just unbearable

every single day you find a problem you

know when you had to cross the street

when you had to buy something when you

to get the public boat it's kind of

destroying the community because

everything is case for tourists there

are more short let flats than permanent

residency for locals we don't have

enough flat for inhabitants so people

moving away because you cannot find a

place to live here losing people losing

habitants means losing the character or

the city you know it now is becoming

Disneyland all the the butchers the

bakers the pharmacies you know the dress

makers are all going and being replaced

by souvenir shops we are losing the

meaning of the city Venice is so

different from the other part of the

world the so fragile is so weak somehow

educating the visitors to you know

respect the locals respect the size and

and the layout to understand which is

very very unique as you see the gondola

yeah you should you should feel bad you

should feel that look at that look at

the mess Chaya Venice kayak they cross

in a in a place where all we going to

like cross and this is completely crazy

[Music]

the main effect that I feel this time

it's losing its identity which is

ironically what are the tourists come to

buy but it's gone you know

[Music]

it feels like the infrastructure can't

really cope with the amount of people

that we have here generally the

residents feel that the city is becoming

overrun by tourism and it's becoming

more of a city for the tourists actually

the residents who've been living here

for generations in the neighborhood I'm

living here now over the past seven

years has changed massively and it has

converted into a tourist neighborhood

and I cannot sleep I mean they just

forget about their behaviors right they

come here just to mean to do everything

that they cannot do in their in their

home countries here they call it el

Turismo Deborah Shira charisma Deborah

Tara is the drunken parties

[Music]

local markets in Barcelona have become

in a way the biggest victims of this

tourist massification as they are the

core of what is supposed to be authentic

culture they become tourist attractions

in their own right

so tourists go but they basically go to

take pictures they will not actually

shop as residents do they've changed

from selling food fresh food they've

just going to selling fruit juice I mean

just for tourists so everyone is just

changing shaping their mind to see how

they can make business out of tourists

and not offering value to local people

actually it's a vicious circle because

of course the more you develop the

industry the more the massification will

affect the tourist experience you know

because if numbers continue to sustain

ly grow probably very soon

Barcelona could die of Safed you know

Barcelona as a tourist

because it's so beautiful they had

people were suffocated the desperation

of residents and the protests which

followed brought the world's attention

to Europe but it didn't stop there

around the globe reports of overcrowding

environmental damage and local tensions

emerged and in some unexpected places

not only were popular cities suffering

but remote fragile locations such as

gili trawangan island in Indonesia were

raising their voices as well

photographer Thomas

eglee traveled to this Paradise Island

to document the dramatic changes tourism

has caused

[Music]

don't tell me about your project which

is your recent project which is a which

is like kind of personal one I think

yeah it all started with my parents

because 30 years ago my parents went to

Paradise Island which real name is gili

trawangan and it wasn't their honeymoon

and it's the most beautiful place

they've ever been to it was their

paradise their Paradise Island

so when there's thirty years later to

discover what happened to the island

because I already knew it changed yeah

when I saw your when I saw your work I

mean the before and after pictures with

the 30 year gap

I mean it's barely recognizable as the

same place yeah it's it's totally

different I mean it starts with how my

parents went to that Island

when whereas they just hired a fisherman

with little boats it wasn't even in the

tourist guides they stood with local

people and there was nothing else to do

them have a swim in the sea they were

like three or four people on that island

whereas 40 years later they're like

3,000 people coming on the dial and each

day so it's like over a million in one

year

Wow and all that on a really small

island now you can work how we can dive

and you party a lot there are a lot of

trucks everywhere yeah yeah but this

question is what can tourism calls if if

there are no limits yes but let's talk a

little bit about the cost because the

the growth in numbers that you've

described is extraordinary I'm guessing

that must have had some environmental

impact yeah definitely when you come on

the island you wouldn't see it but as

soon as you go in the middle of that

island you would see a huge rubbish pit

you don't really see it on the first

place

but it's all hidden there yeah I mean

some people listening to us might say

you know everybody's entitled to have

fun and enjoy themselves but you know

how do we respond to that that people

are entitled to enjoy themselves

everybody is entitled to enjoy

themselves and their good things about

tourism but what I think is important

that the city open your mind you know

you everybody

location you want to band out all the

problems you know you have problems in

your everyday life work job family

whatever I'm going to go to vacation

it's all no there is a rubbish pit but I

don't care I just look at the beach and

I think you have to open yourself also

due to that things even when your

invocation yes and you start to do small

changes in your behavior yes so it's not

about not going somewhere

it's about how he goes from yes sadly

this is just one of many examples in

what the Wall Street Journal described

as a global tourism backlash Thailand

was forced to close the beach made

famous by Leonardo DiCaprio's movie

local people in Japan increasing

described effect on their lives and

culture as tourism pollution some US

National Park started buckling under the

strain and Islanders on the other sky in

Scotland call for help after surges in

tourism

I spoke to Elizabeth Becker author of

overbooked to understand how tourism

could have reached this point what was

it that really drove you to want to

write a book about tourism I was the

International Economics correspondent of

the times the New York Times as

globalization was exploding around the

world what was not being covered and

what seemed to pop up to me all the time

was the fact that the tourism industry

seemed to be taking advantage of the new

open borders yeah

the new economic system the new

technology and I didn't see that

reported yes

I mean tourism is the industry that

seems to have escaped acknowledgement as

an industry or scrutiny is an industry

yes every everybody thinks that tourism

is a pastime yes it's not an industry

and a few governments treated it as an

industry it's also that the explosion of

the industry was extraordinary in 1950

there were 25 million tourist arrivals

worldwide

this number grew exponentially of the

following 70 years and reached 1.3

billion by 2017 it's estimated it will

reach 1.7 billion by 2030 deriving this

is the exponential growth of global air

travel and cruise line passenger numbers

it seems to me that what we're seeing

now all over the world is what happens

when an industry which has talked about

being sustainable but is actually dumb

very little

begins to bump up against the limits of

our environment and the physical limits

of space and it's in that sense I think

it's it's like a rash it's all over the

world I believe it's a global emergency

if we don't look more strategically at

the question of how to manage

destinations we're going to really

destroy an increasing number of the

world's most valuable natural and

cultural assets it doesn't matter if

there's a recession doesn't matter if it

looks like the United States is going to

start a war with North Korea tourism

grows and it is it is shockproof no

longer a harmless pastime tourism has

grown to one of the biggest industries

in the world with a far-reaching

potentially destructive impact here are

some of the key factors influencing this

change the rise of low-cost airlines

means that a return flight from the UK

to mainland Europe can be cheap as a

couple of pieces and a glass of beer

Ryanair even have stated their intention

to offer free flights but these super

cheap flights are the result of massive

tax breaks for the aviation sector

aviation fuel is exempt from tax in the

UK alone that's estimated at a nine

billion pound subsidy the media has

tended to heap praise on the same

familiar destinations and journalists

often receive free holidays when writing

their review

far too many travel writers are paid to

go to these places by the very people

they're supposedly judging there's

always a tempest never the 10 worst so I

found too much of travel writing I'm

critical and what we all want to visit

the same few places at the same time of

year this concentrates pressure on these

honeypot sites problems can be created

by an extra hundred tourists in a small

place one extra million in a big city

cruise liners are a source of

environmental damage and fly by tourism

which adds little value to local

economies they're like four times

taller than the buildings around them I

mean have you seen that coming in I mean

you just see and see that that doesn't

fit here literally it doesn't fit local

people are being pushed out of their own

neighborhoods by a huge surge in house

and flat rentals for tourists see cause

it's property price inflation its

reasons people the problem is when the

same owner has like 20 30 40 apartments

on the market it was so quick so fast

that cities like Barcelona have been

crushed by Airbnb changes in the global

population have fueled the explosion in

tourist numbers every day they were

quarter of a million more people on the

planet and as the world becomes more

affluent and more people join the middle

classes China now provides more

international tourists than any other

country and yet only 6% of the

population of a passport as the baby

boomer generation reaches retirement age

it looks like the pressure on

oversaturated destinations with the

phone

Treece do you think things are gonna get

worse before they get better in general

with with the over tourism issue yes I

think that's without question I read

that the Thailand new Minister of

Tourism said he really doesn't have any

idea how to manage the problem you know

and in a country that's a hot spot for

the problem yeah I mean that hasn't been

trained and he's he went public saying I

just I have no training for this I

became concerned I find it difficult to

find the right nexuses of dialogue right

now that that's what I'm a little bit

less optimistic about where's the nexus

of dialogue that's at the scale that we

need it now so you think the problems

gonna get worse before it gets better

yes yeah I do think that the problem

will get worse and unfortunately I think

in many places it will require

rebellious tourists if you remember

krippendorf talks about the need for

rebellious tourists and rebellious

locals well we need a bit of rebellion

by both those groups to retrieve the

change it won't just happen the

interests the tourism interests are

extremely wealthy and powerful it's as

any other power situation where there's

a lot of money being made so I don't

want people to beat themselves up but

you are up against some very powerful

wealthy interests who don't want this

change do you think that in some sense

tourism managers have been asleep on the

job

to see how much fuel has ever been any

tourism managers who is in control of

the tourism industry who has control

they are it I think that really no one

does well it's been a a while since I've

been thinking to give it up I love the

city a lot of the way to live here I was

the way we had to live here now is

getting worse and worse

we must be somebody would take decision

and that that's the problem

we don't have it I think all the

residents have facing this big question

mark the no matter how much we love the

city we consider our home we are

probably considering moving out to have

a simpler life with more services and

more comfort I mean I wanted to come

back here and I'm happy to be here

really happy and I'm happy that my

daughter is growing here but I don't

know how this is gonna end and I don't

know if I'm gonna be here watching that

honestly it would be nice if for at

least once

the locals were a priority and not

litoris you know out of respect for the

town in its history about how to respect

for people that want to stay here who do

not particularly want to take part in

the tourist machine and want to live

like Venetians you know just slowly

disappearing we're a bit of a an

endangered species if you like so I like

to say in the Venetian we travel to see

the world's most remarkable places and

people

however it's now clear that our travels

are having a significant impact and then

we bear responsibility for this

local people are calling time on the era

of unregulated and unmanaged tourism

growth it now lies with governments to

accept the responsibility of management

and to recognize there are limits to the

number of tourists that can be sustained

the struggle of local people versus the

power of the tourism industry is also

the struggle to remember the beauty and

diversity of our planet

it's the struggle of memory versus

forgetting and one we must all meet

[Music]

[Music]

you