Materi demokrasi Indonesia di PT

Summary

This Indonesian civic education transcript discusses the concept of democracy in Indonesia, its historical development, and challenges such as low political participation and economic factors. It highlights the importance of understanding democracy's integration with values like the Pancasila and Islamic principles. The lecture calls for analytical thinking to address democratic issues and emphasizes the need for a smart and wise populace to advance Indonesian democracy.

Takeaways

• 📚 The lecture is about the sixth material of the civics curriculum, focusing on Indonesian democracy.
• 🌟 Students are required to understand the concept of democracy and its urgency in Indonesia.
• 📖 The history of democracy in Indonesia, its problems, and challenges are discussed.
• 🤔 The concept of democracy originates from 'demos' meaning people, and 'kratos' or 'kratein' meaning rule, indicating government by the people.
• 🏛 Democracy is chosen over other systems because it balances individual and state sovereignty by placing the highest authority in the hands of the people.
• 📊 Two perspectives on democracy are highlighted: formal democracy, which is the system used to run a government, and substantive democracy, which is about how democracy is correctly implemented constitutionally.
• 🚩 Issues in Indonesian democracy include low public education, low political participation, and economic challenges affecting citizen dependence on the state.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Political dynasties are a problem as they undermine the idea of democracy being fully by and for the people.
• 🏢 The shift from the New Order's authoritarian regime to the current democracy has moved towards oligarchy.
• 🧠 Students are encouraged to think analytically about how to solve problems in implementing democracy in Indonesia through education, economy, political participation, and addressing political dynasties.
• 🌐 Indonesian democracy is based on Pancasila, which integrates values from traditional collective decision-making, Islamic democracy, and Western socialist traditions.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the sixth material in the Indonesian citizenship course?

The main topic is about Indonesian democracy, covering its conceptual understanding, urgency, historical background, problems, and challenges.

What does the term 'democracy' originate from?

The term 'democracy' originates from the Greek words 'demos' meaning people, and 'kratos' or 'kratein' meaning to rule, indicating a government of the people, by the people, and for the people.

Why is democracy chosen as a system of governance over others?

Democracy is chosen as it represents a middle ground in governance systems, where the sovereignty lies with the people, unlike individualistic systems where sovereignty lies with the individual, or socialist systems where it lies with the state.

What are the two ways to understand democracy as mentioned in the script?

Democracy can be understood both formally, as a system used to conduct governance, and substantively, in terms of how it is correctly implemented constitutionally.

What are the main issues with the implementation of democracy in Indonesia as discussed in the script?

The main issues include low levels of public education, low political participation, low economic levels affecting citizen dependency on the state, and political dynasties leading to a less democratic system.

How does the script suggest improving the implementation of democracy in Indonesia?

By improving education levels, economic conditions, political participation, and addressing political dynasties within the government system.

What is the unique characteristic of Indonesian democracy as described in the script?

Indonesian democracy is characterized as Pancasila democracy, which is not purely individualistic or socialist but is based on the state ideology of Pancasila.

What are the philosophical foundations of Pancasila democracy according to the script?

Pancasila democracy is founded on the belief in a single national ideology, Pancasila, and incorporates collective decision-making from village traditions, Islamic democratic values emphasizing truth and divine justice, and Western socialist traditions emphasizing humanism and national movements.

What are the traditional values mentioned in the script that should be integrated into Indonesian democracy?

The script mentions traditional values such as the Dayak language terms 'Jalan mules tea tumbang' meaning to return to the root of the problem if consensus is not reached in a discussion, and 'ujun buah petak' which implies服从上级政府或掌权者按照现行规范。

What is the goal for students after learning about Indonesian democracy as per the script?

The goal is for students to not only understand the material but also to think analytically to solve problems related to democracy in Indonesia, becoming wise in both intellect and moral values.

How does the script conclude the discussion on Indonesian democracy?

The script concludes by urging students to delve deeper into the material to understand and address the challenges of democracy in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of wisdom and moral intelligence.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Indonesian Democracy

This paragraph introduces the sixth topic in the Citizenship Studies course, focusing on Indonesian democracy. It explains that students need to conceptually understand democracy, its urgency, and its history in Indonesia. The speaker introduces 'democracy,' derived from the Greek words 'demos' (people) and 'kratos' (rule), quoting Abraham Lincoln's definition of democracy as a government 'by the people, for the people, and from the people.' The importance of democracy as a middle ground between individualism and socialism is highlighted, emphasizing that sovereignty rests with the people in democratic governance. The paragraph further discusses two perspectives on democracy: 'formal democracy,' which refers to the system of governance, and 'substantive democracy,' which concerns implementing democracy constitutionally. It also touches on challenges like low education, political participation, economic levels, and political dynasties, which hinder effective democracy in Indonesia.

05:00

🔍 Challenges and Principles of Indonesian Democracy

This paragraph delves deeper into the challenges faced by Indonesian democracy and the principles guiding its practice. It begins by emphasizing the importance of analytical thinking to address democracy-related issues, such as education levels, economic status, political participation, and the influence of political dynasties. The paragraph explains that Indonesia practices 'Pancasila Democracy,' which integrates the values of Pancasila, Indonesia's ideological foundation, rather than leaning toward individualistic or socialist models. The discussion includes the idea of 'collectivism' as described by Mohammad Hatta, rooted in decision-making traditions at the village level. It also incorporates Islamic democratic values like truth, justice, and human brotherhood, alongside Western socialist traditions emphasizing humanity and nationalism. The speaker concludes by encouraging students to understand democratic principles and the integration of cultural values like 'harati' (meaning smart and virtuous) in Indonesian democracy.

Keywords

💡Democracy

Democracy refers to a system of government where power is vested in the people and exercised by them either directly or through elected representatives. In the context of the video, it is the subject of the lecture material, with a focus on how it is conceptualized and implemented in Indonesia. The script discusses the historical development, challenges, and the importance of democratic values within the Indonesian context.

💡Indonesia

Indonesia is a Southeast Asian country and the subject of the democratic discussion in the script. It is highlighted as having a unique form of democracy influenced by its cultural, historical, and political context. The video explores the challenges and the importance of understanding the specificities of democracy in Indonesia.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the official philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, encompassing a set of principles including belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, democracy led by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations among representatives, and social justice for all of the people of Indonesia. It is mentioned as the guiding philosophy behind the Indonesian form of democracy.

💡Participation

Participation in the script refers to the active involvement of citizens in the democratic process, such as voting in elections. The video discusses the importance of high levels of participation for a healthy democracy and notes that in Indonesia, there are issues with low participation rates, which can affect the legitimacy and effectiveness of democratic governance.

💡Economic Level

The economic level is mentioned as a factor that can influence the functioning of democracy. A low economic level can lead to high dependence on the state, making constituents more susceptible to mobilization by state machinery. This can impact the integrity of democratic processes.

💡Political Dynasties

Political dynasties are families that dominate politics over generations, often leading to a lack of new leadership and innovation. In the context of the video, it is highlighted as a problem in Indonesian democracy, where positions such as governors or district heads are often inherited within families, which can undermine the democratic principle of equal opportunity.

💡Education

Education is discussed as a key factor in the proper functioning of democracy. A well-educated populace is more likely to understand and participate effectively in democratic processes. The script notes that in Indonesia, there is a need to improve education levels to enhance the quality of democracy.

💡Formal Democracy

Formal democracy refers to the institutional structures and legal frameworks that support democratic governance. In the script, it is contrasted with substantive democracy, emphasizing the need for democracy to be more than just a system on paper but also to be effectively implemented and respected in practice.

💡Substantive Democracy

Substantive democracy goes beyond formal structures and focuses on the actual realization of democratic principles in practice. It is mentioned in the script as a concept that is crucial for understanding how democracy should function in Indonesia, with an emphasis on constitutional correctness and the effective participation of citizens.

💡Collectivism

Collectivism in the context of the video refers to the value placed on community and consensus in decision-making processes. It is highlighted as a characteristic of Indonesian democracy, drawing from traditional village decision-making practices that emphasize collective consensus.

💡Islamic Democracy

Islamic democracy is a form of governance that integrates Islamic values with democratic principles. The script mentions that Indonesian democracy also adopts values from Islamic democracy, emphasizing justice and truth as key components in governance, which aligns with the broader discussion on the integration of local cultural and religious values into the democratic system.

Highlights

Democracy in Indonesia is the sixth topic of the civic education course.

Students need to understand the concept of democracy.

Transcripts

Hai selamat siang semuanya

Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh Pada kesempatan kali ini

kita akan belajar materi keenam dari

mata kuliah kewarganegaraan yaitu

tentang demokrasi Indonesia Apa yang

dibahas dalam materi demokrasi Indonesia

yang pertama adalah mahasiswa perlu

memahami bagaimana Secara konseptual

memahami istilah demokrasi Kemudian yang

kedua mahasiswa juga perlu memahami

bagaiman urgensi demokrasi di Indonesia

kemudian Mahasiswa juga perlu memahami

bagaimana sejarah demokrasi di Indonesia

dan permasalahan serta tantangannya

kemudian yang keempat Bagaimana

integrasi nilai-nilai pintar tentang

harati dalam materi demokrasi di

Indonesia baik untuk yang pertama

sebelum kita lanjut ke materi berikutnya

demokrasi itu berasal dari kata demos

dan Kratos atau kratein berarti kalau

Abraham Lincoln itu

Khan bahwa government rule by the people

for the people dan from the people jadi

Artinya bahwa demokrasi itu adalah

pemerintahan yang berkedaulatan rakyat

artinya bagaimana pemerintahan itu

dijalankan berasal dari rakyat Kemudian

oleh rakyat dan untuk rakyat kemudian

dalam memahami demokrasi tentunya

mahasiswa akan ada bertanya seperti ini

kenapa kok demokrasi yang harus dipilih

tidak tidak tidak tidak tidak yang lain

tidak sistem pemerintahan yang lain

karena Demokrasi merupakan satu

alternatif dalam Tengah Bagaimana sistem

pemerintahan itu bisa dijalankan artinya

yang pertama ketika kita menganut sistem

individualis maka kedaulatan tertinggi

itu ada pada individu warga negara

ketika kita menganut sistem sosialis

maka kedaulatan tertinggi itu ada pada

negara jadi Demokrasi merupakan jalan

tengah dalam sistem pemerintahan dan

penyelenggaraan negara karena demokrasi

itu menganut bahwa kedaulatan tertinggi

itu ada di tangan

rakyat atau ada di tangan warga negara

Kemudian yang kedua Bagaimana demokrasi

itu bisa dipahami dari 22 pendapat yang

pertama adalah pendapatnya Alberto

Torres demokrasi bisa dipahami dari

formal demokrasi Kemudian yang kedua

demokrasi bisa dipahami dari substantif

demokrasi jadi formal demokrasi itu

bagaimana demokrasi itu bisa dipahami

sebagai suatu sistem yang di jalan yang

dipakai untuk menjalankan suatu

pemerintahan tetapi kalau substantif

demokrasi demokrasi itu dipahami dari

bagaimana menjalankan demokrasi itu

benar secara konstitusional nah

pertanyaan berikutnya adalah bagaimana

Hai Sebenarnya apa yang menjadi

permasalahan demokrasi di Indonesia

sekarang ini banyak permasalahan yang

yang perlu mahasiswa kaji terkait dengan

penyelenggaraan demokrasi di Indonesia

yang pertama penyelenggaraan demokrasi

di Indonesia itu bisa belum bisa

berjalan baik ketika masyarakatnya masih

memiliki pendidikan yang rendah kemudian

demokrasi Indonesia belum bisa berjalan

baik ketika partisipasi politik rakyat

itu masih belum belum tinggi kita

mengetahui bahwa dalam pemilihan Pemilu

kepala daerah Kemudian baik kepala

daerah itu Gubernur ataupun bupati atau

walikota itu banyak daerah-daerah yang

partisipasi masyarakatnya itu hampir

mendekati 50% ada yang 40% Bahkan 40%

Nah itu belum bisa kita mengatakan bahwa

demokrasi sudah bisa berjalan baik

ketika partisipasi rakyat itu masih

sangat kurang artinya demokrasi itu

sebenarnya menghendaki bahwa ketika

Selatan itu rakyat itu dijalankan maka

partisipasi rakyat itu akan berjalan

dengan baik kemudian yang ketiga tingkat

ekonominya rendah tingkat ekonomi rendah

itu akan akan sangat mempengaruhi

bagaimana ketetang ketergantungan

konstituen terhadap negara ketika

ketergantungan konstituen tinggi

terhadap negara maka dengan mudah

konstituen itu akan mudah dimobilisasi

oleh alat-alat negara untuk bisa

mendapatkan satu kekuasaan dalam sistem

demokrasi kemudian yang ketiga adanya

dinasti politik kita ketahui bahwa

banyak pemilihan pemilihan Gubernur

pemilihan Bupati Walikota itu yang yang

yang menurunkan atau secara

turun-temurun regenarasi dalam satu

dinasti keluarga makanya disitu disebut

dengan dinasti politik jadi dinasti

politik itu akan kita akan kita pahami

bahwa dalam menjalankan demokrasi itu

belum sepenuhnya

sangat rakyat bahkan dikalangan mungkin

kaum elit atau kaum bangsawan sekelompok

keluarga itu yang yang menjadi

permasalahan yang kemudian permasalahan

berikutnya demokrasi ketika dijalankan

pada masa orde baru itu masih bersifat

operasi tetapi ketika kita bergeser

demokrasi yang sekarang itu sekarang

lebih ke bersifat ke oligarki nah

kemudian selanjutnya mahasiswa dituntut

Bagaimana dari permasalahan-permasalahan

demokrasi ini bisa berpikir analitis

untuk memecahkan

permasalahan-permasalahan dalam

menjalankan demokrasi di Indonesia baik

itu melalui tingkat pendidikan kemudian

tingkat ekonomi kemudian partisipasi

politik dinasti pomellato dalam sistem

penyelenggaraan pemerintah yang berkuasa

pada saat itu baik untuk selanjutnya

untuk memahami materi keenam tentang

demokrasi di Indonesia Kita juga harus

tahu bagaimana landasan penyelenggaraan

demokrasi di

niesya tentunya demokrasi yang

dijalankan di Indonesia bukan demokrasi

yang yang lebih condong ke demokrasi

individualis atau demokrasi sosialis

tetapi demokrasi yang dijalankan di

Indonesia adalah demokrasi Pancasila ada

beberapa pendapat yang diisap menjadi

dasar atau dasar pemikiran Kenapa

demokrasi Indonesia itu adalah demokrasi

Pancasila karena secara secara Pak dari

falsafah hidup atau pandangan hidup

bangsa kita menganut bahwa Indonesia itu

memiliki satu ideologi satu pandangan

hidup yaitu Pancasila Kemudian ada

beberapa pendapat terkait dengan

Bagaimana penyelenggaraan demokrasi di

Indonesia salah satunya adalah pendapat

dari Muhammad Hatta bahwa menyebutkan

bahwa demokrasi di Indonesia itu masih

bersifat kolektivitas Kenapa

kolektivitas karena pahatan melihat

sejarah perkembangan demokrasi di

Indonesia itu berawal dari

masyarakat desa dalam mengambil

keputusan dimana keputusan yang yang

diambil dalam tradisi masyarakat desa

itu lebih ditekankan kepada hasil

permusyawaratan kolektivitas dari

masyarakat desa itu sendiri kemudian

yang kedua demokrasi di Indonesia juga

mengadopsi nilai-nilai demokrasi di

Islam the dimana nilai-nilai demokrasi

di islam itu mengedepankan nilai-nilai

kebenaran dan keadilan Ilahi dalam

menjalankan apa pemerintahan Islam lebih

menekankan bahwa menjalankan kebenaran

dan keadilan itu lebih penting dalam

Bagaimana kita bisa menjalankan

pemerintahan dan mendapatkan frasa atau

kepercayaan dari masyarakat selain itu

juga Islam mengajarkan bagaimana

persaudaraan antarsesama manusia itu

menjadi landasan dalam menjalankan

demokrasi di Indonesia kemudian yang

ketiga ada tradisi sosialis Bara dari

mana tradisi sosialis barat ini menjadi

dasar-dasar pemikiran demokrasi karena

di

Tekan kan kepada dasar-dasar pemahaman

perikemanusiaan dan pergerakan

kebangsaan di dunia baik Bagaimana

sebenarnya mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai

harati di dalam materi demokrasi di

Indonesia ada beberapa nilai harati yang

pertama adalah di dalam bahasa Dayak itu

ada yang disebut dengan salah satu uang

tampilan Jalan mules tea tumbang Jalan

artinya sesat di jalan atau di ujung

jalan balik ke Pangkal jalan yang

berarti bahwa jika tidak tercapai

persetujuan dalam musyawarah hendaknya

diselidiki kembali apa yang menjadi

pokok permasalahan tersebut kemudian ada

lagi Eh salah satu istilah dalam bahasa

Dayak ujun buah petak kita harus tunduk

kepada pemerintah atasan atau yang

berkuasa sesuai dengan norma yang

berlaku baik itu saja pengantar dari

materi keenam mata kuliah

Kewarganegaraan tentang demokrasi di

Indonesia

Hai mudah-mudahan para mahasiswa nanti

bisa memahami lebih jauh tentang materi

tersebut dan bisa menggali lebih jauh

Bagaimana bisa menyelesaikan

permasalahan-permasalahan terkait dengan

demokrasi di Indonesia dan mahasiswa

akan menjadi pintar tidak hanya pintar

dari segi kecerdasannya taunya tetapi

harus pintar tentang harap ia rtinya

harus pintar dan berbudi Terima kasih

selamat siang salamualaikum

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh ya