Elemen Permukiman Tradisional 02

Emilya Kalsum

16 Sept 202011:39

Summary

TLDRThis lecture discusses the elements of traditional settlements according to Doxiadis, emphasizing the interconnection between humans and their environment. It outlines five natural elements: biological resources, topography, hydrology, vegetation, animals, and climate. It also covers human needs, societal structure, economic development, education, health, and welfare. The lecture further delves into the physical aspects of settlements, including housing, community services, markets, recreational facilities, civic centers, industry, and transportation centers. Lastly, it introduces the 'Network' element, highlighting the infrastructure that supports community life.

Takeaways

🌳 The script discusses the elements of a settlement according to Doxiadis, emphasizing the relationship between humans and their environment.
🏞️ It identifies five elements of a traditional settlement: biological resources, topographical resources, water resources, vegetation, animals, and climate.
👥 The second element of a settlement is the human being, with four needs: biological, sensation and perception, emotional, and moral values.
🏘️ The third element is society, which includes population composition and density, social stratification, and the roles of different community members.
🏛️ The fourth element is the shell or shelter, which includes housing, community services, shopping centers, recreational facilities, civic centers, industry, and transportation centers.
🌐 The fifth element is the network or infrastructure, which connects people and their activities, including water supply, power supply, transportation, and communication systems.
🌱 The script highlights the importance of culture in settlements, shaped by the stratification of society and the leadership within the community.
💼 Economic development is a key aspect of settlements, focusing on how communities grow economically and meet their needs.
📚 Education is discussed as a vital element, not just formal education but also understanding of nature and practical skills for daily life.
🏥 Health and welfare are crucial for the well-being of the entire community, with policies affecting how resources are used and preserved.
⚖️ Administration and governance are also important, with traditional settlements often governed by customary law and regulations.

Q & A

What are the five elements of settlement according to the transcript?
-The five elements of settlement are biological resources, topographical resources, water or hydrology, vegetation or flora, and fauna or animals.
What does the term 'epitex' refer to in the context of the script?
-Epitex refers to the physical natural conditions of a settlement, which includes biological resources, topographical resources, water, vegetation, and fauna.
According to Doxiadis, what are the four biological needs of humans?
-The four biological needs of humans according to Doxiadis are the need for space, air, specific temperature to avoid overheating or freezing, and biological needs.
What are the emotional needs that Doxiadis mentions in the script?
-The emotional needs mentioned by Doxiadis include the need for human relationships, self-esteem, feeling attractive, and moral values.
What are the key components of society according to Doxiadis?
-The key components of society according to Doxiadis are population composition and density, social stratification, culture, economic development, education, health and welfare, and administration.
How does the script define 'Shell' in the context of settlement?
-In the context of settlement, 'Shell' refers to the physical structures or coverings that support human activities, including housing, community services, shopping centers, recreational facilities, civic centers, industry, and transportation centers.
What are the different types of community services mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions community services such as buildings used for traditional ceremonies, open spaces like gardens, forests, or fields used for social or cultural facilities, shopping centers or markets, recreational facilities, civic centers for customary law activities, and industrial sectors.
What is the role of 'Network' in a settlement according to the script?
-The 'Network' in a settlement refers to the systems and connections between people and their activities, which include infrastructure like water supply, power supply, transportation, and communication systems.
What are the intrinsic elements of settlement according to Doxiadis?
-The intrinsic elements of settlement according to Doxiadis are biological needs, sensation and perception, emotional needs, and moral values.
How does the script describe the relationship between humans and their environment in a settlement?
-The script describes the relationship between humans and their environment as one where humans decorate or harmonize their lives with the elements of the settlement, such as biological resources, topography, water, vegetation, and fauna.
What are the implications of the script's discussion on traditional settlements for modern urban planning?
-The script implies that modern urban planning can learn from traditional settlements by considering the harmony between humans and their environment, the importance of social structures, and the need for comprehensive infrastructure to support the community's needs.

Outlines

00:00

🌿 Traditional Settlement Elements

This paragraph discusses the five elements of a settlement according to Babci Abis, which are crucial for understanding traditional architecture in West Kalimantan. The elements are: biological resources, topographical resources, water resources, vegetation, and climate. These elements are interconnected with human life within the settlement, emphasizing the need for harmony between human activities and the natural environment. The paragraph also introduces the second set of elements related to human needs as outlined by Doxiadis, which include biological needs, sensation and perception, emotional needs, recognition, and moral values.

05:00

🏘️ Components of Settlements

The second paragraph delves into the third set of settlement elements by Doxiadis, focusing on society. It highlights the importance of population composition and density, social stratification, culture, economic development, education, health and welfare, and administration. Each of these components plays a role in shaping the settlement's structure and function. The paragraph emphasizes how these elements are interrelated and contribute to the overall well-being and development of the community within the settlement.

10:01

🏗️ Infrastructure and Networks in Settlements

The final paragraph addresses the fourth and last set of settlement elements by Doxiadis, which are the physical structures or 'shell' and the networks that support them. These include housing, community services, shopping centers, recreational facilities, civic centers, industry, and transportation centers. The paragraph explains how these infrastructures are essential for the functioning of a settlement and how they are interconnected, forming a network that supports the needs of the community. It concludes by summarizing Doxiadis's intrinsic elements of a settlement, which encompass the environment, inhabitants, buildings, and systems that together create a cohesive living space.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Settlement Elements

Settlement Elements refer to the various components that make up a human settlement, such as natural resources, topography, water sources, vegetation, animals, and climate. In the video, these elements are discussed as the foundational aspects of human habitation, influencing how people live in harmony with their environment. For instance, the script mentions 'biological resources' and 'topographical resources' as part of the natural conditions that settlements must consider.

💡Biological Resources

Biological resources encompass the living components of an ecosystem, including flora and fauna. The video emphasizes the importance of these resources in traditional settlements, where they are integral to the livelihood and culture of the inhabitants. The script specifically mentions 'flanel live' or 'tanaman' (plants) as part of the biological resources that settlements rely on for sustenance and ecological balance.

💡Topographical Resources

Topographical resources relate to the physical landscape features such as elevation, slope, and terrain. These characteristics significantly impact the layout and design of settlements. In the video, 'topographical resources' are mentioned as one of the five elements of settlements, indicating their importance in determining the suitability of a location for habitation and the types of activities that can be conducted there.

💡Hydrology

Hydrology is the study of water's distribution, movement, and quality in the environment. In the context of the video, hydrology is a critical element of settlements as it pertains to the availability and management of water resources. The script discusses 'water or hidrologi' as an essential component for the survival and daily activities of the inhabitants within a settlement.

💡Society

Society in the video refers to the collective group of individuals forming a community within a settlement. It encompasses various social dynamics, including population composition, density, and social stratification. The video discusses how society's needs and structures shape the development and functioning of settlements, with elements such as 'social stratification' and 'economic development' being key factors in the formation of a settlement's culture and economy.

💡Social Stratification

Social stratification is the division of a society into distinct social layers or strata based on various criteria such as wealth, power, or prestige. In the video, this concept is used to explain how different groups within a settlement, such as community leaders or ordinary members, interact and contribute to the social order. The script mentions 'social stratification' as an important aspect of society that influences the distribution of resources and power within settlements.

💡Economic Development

Economic development refers to the process by which a society improves its economic well-being and standard of living. In the video, it is discussed as a key element of settlements, highlighting how communities engage in economic activities to meet their needs and sustain their way of life. The script uses 'economic development' to illustrate the various ways in which settlements support their inhabitants, such as through agriculture, trade, or craftsmanship.

💡Education

Education in the video is mentioned as a vital component of settlements, encompassing both formal and informal learning. It is not limited to academic knowledge but includes practical skills and understanding of the environment, such as farming techniques, climate adaptation, and construction methods. The script emphasizes the importance of education in traditional settlements, where it plays a crucial role in the transmission of cultural knowledge and survival skills.

💡Health and Welfare

Health and welfare pertain to the well-being of individuals and communities within a settlement. The video discusses how settlements must consider the health and welfare of their inhabitants when making decisions about resource use and environmental management. The script mentions 'health and welfare' as a critical element that affects the entire community, highlighting the need for sustainable practices to ensure the long-term health and happiness of the settlement's population.

💡Administration

Administration in the context of the video refers to the systems of governance and management within a settlement. It includes laws, regulations, and administrative structures that oversee the functioning of the settlement. The script discusses 'administration' as an essential element that maintains order and facilitates the resolution of disputes through customary laws or positive laws, depending on the type of settlement.

💡Shell

Shell, as used in the video, refers to the physical structures or infrastructure that provide shelter and support for human activities within a settlement. It includes housing, community services, markets, recreational facilities, and other essential buildings. The script describes 'shell' as a critical element that encompasses not only individual dwellings but also communal spaces and facilities that contribute to the social, cultural, and economic life of the settlement.

💡Network

Network in the video signifies the interconnected systems and infrastructure that facilitate the flow of resources, information, and people within and between settlements. It includes transportation systems, communication networks, and other essential services. The script mentions 'network' as a fundamental element that enables the exchange of goods, services, and ideas, highlighting its importance in the economic and social development of settlements.

Highlights

The lecture discusses the architecture of West Kalimantan in the context of urban and settlement studies.

It is the second video on the elements of settlement related to traditional settlements.

According to Babci Abis, there are five elements of settlement: biological resources, topographical resources, water resources, vegetation, and animals, and climate.

Human settlement should harmonize with these five elements.

Doxiadis identifies the second element of settlement as 'Man' with four needs: biological, sensation and perception, emotional, and moral values.

The third element according to Doxiadis is 'Society', a group of humans with various needs and acknowledgments.

Society includes population composition and density, social stratification, culture, economic development, education, and health and welfare.

Administration is the last element of society, involving laws and governance.

The third element of settlement according to Doxiadis is 'Shell', which includes housing and community services.

Community services can be large buildings for traditional ceremonies or open spaces for social and cultural activities.

Shopping centers, markets, recreational facilities, and civic centers are part of the Shell element.

The Shell also includes industrial sectors where daily activities such as weaving and crafting take place.

Transportation centers are part of the Shell, representing the routes and paths used for various activities.

The last primary element of settlement according to Doxiadis is 'Network', which includes systems like water supply, power, transportation, and communication.

Doxiadis calls these elements intrinsic to the settlement, comprising the environment as the container, humans as the content, buildings as the shell, and systems as the network.

The lecture will continue with the implementation of these settlement elements in the next video.