Historische Quellen - Einfach erklärt
Summary
TLDRThe video introduces the concept of historical sources and explains how historians use them to explore the past. It highlights that anything, from objects to people, can become a historical source if it provides insights into history. Through the example of finding old items in an attic, various types of sources are explained, including material sources (objects), written sources (letters), visual sources (photos), audiovisual sources (films), and oral sources (personal stories). The video also distinguishes between accidental historical remnants (relics) and intentional records (traditions).
Takeaways
- 📜 Historical sources are essential tools for historians to study the past.
- 💡 Any object or living being can become a historical source if it provides insight into the past.
- 📦 Physical items, like an old box found in the attic, can provide clues about history (example of material sources).
- ✉️ Written sources, such as letters from a grandparent, can reveal personal and historical details (example of written sources).
- 📸 Visual sources, like old photographs, can show what people looked like, how they dressed, and where they were.
- 🎥 Audiovisual sources, such as films and recordings, offer insight into historical events and people's lives.
- 🗣️ Oral sources, like stories told by grandparents, offer first-hand accounts and memories of the past.
- 🔍 Historical sources can be divided into ‘relics’ (unintentionally preserved, like skeletons or ruins) and ‘traditions’ (intentionally preserved, like diaries).
- 📝 Relics are unintentional remnants of the past, discovered later, like artifacts found by accident.
- 🏛️ Traditions are intentionally passed down to preserve history, such as monuments, texts, and recordings.
Q & A
What are historical sources?
-Historical sources are objects, documents, or any form of evidence that provide information about the past. Historians use these to learn about history.
Can any object or living being become a historical source?
-Yes, theoretically, any object or living being can become a historical source as long as it provides information about the past.
What kind of information can be learned from old letters found in a box?
-Old letters can provide insights into the thoughts, feelings, and events experienced by the people who wrote or received them, offering a window into their past.
What are some examples of visual historical sources?
-Examples of visual historical sources include photographs and films, which can show how people looked, dressed, and behaved during a particular time.
What are the five types of historical sources mentioned in the script?
-The five types of historical sources are: material sources (objects like the old box), written sources (like letters), visual sources (like photos), audiovisual sources (like films), and oral sources (like interviews).
What is the difference between 'Überreste' and 'Tradition' sources?
-‘Überreste’ (remains) are sources that are discovered by chance and have survived from the past unintentionally, while ‘Tradition’ refers to sources deliberately created and passed down for future generations.
What are some examples of 'Überreste'?
-Examples of 'Überreste' include old coins, skeletons, or ruins found accidentally, like during excavations.
How is a diary considered a source of 'Tradition'?
-A diary is considered a source of 'Tradition' because it was written intentionally to record the author’s thoughts and experiences, preserving them for the future.
What is an example of an oral historical source?
-An oral historical source could be an interview with a person who experienced past events, also known as a 'Zeitzeuge' (contemporary witness).
Why is it important to distinguish between different types of historical sources?
-Distinguishing between different types of historical sources helps historians understand how the information was preserved and whether it was intended for future generations or simply survived by chance.
Outlines
🏫 Introduction to Historical Sources
The video begins with a warm welcome to the Goldseller Realschule, introducing the concept of historical sources. It highlights that everyone and everything has a history, and historians rely on these sources to study and learn about the past. The video promises to explore what constitutes a historical source and how historians use them to gain insights into history.
🔍 What Can Be a Historical Source?
This section explains that practically anything or anyone can become a historical source, as long as it provides information about the past. To make this concept clearer, the video presents an example of exploring an old attic, where various items like an old box, letters, photographs, and film recordings offer glimpses into the past. These objects serve as examples of historical sources that tell stories about the people who owned them.
📜 Types of Historical Sources
Here, the video introduces different types of historical sources encountered in the attic: material sources like the old box, written sources such as letters, visual sources like old photographs, audiovisual sources like films, and oral sources, such as stories from people who lived through past events. These sources collectively help uncover different aspects of the past.
🧭 Understanding Sources: Remains vs. Traditions
The next segment elaborates on the distinction between two main categories of historical sources: 'remains' and 'traditions.' Remains refer to objects that survived unintentionally and were discovered later, like the old box in the attic. Examples include skeletal remains, ancient coins, or ruins uncovered by chance. In contrast, traditions are sources intentionally created to be passed down to future generations, such as diaries, official records, monuments, or historical writings.
📚 Intentional and Unintentional Historical Sources
The video concludes by reiterating the difference between sources that are accidentally preserved ('remains') and those intentionally left for future generations ('traditions'). Examples of remains include random discoveries like skeletal remains or ancient coins, while traditions include more deliberate historical records like diaries, monuments, or art created to preserve history.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Historische Quellen
💡Sachquellen
💡Schriftliche Quellen
💡Bildquellen
💡Audiovisuelle Quellen
💡Mündliche Quellen
💡Überreste
💡Tradition
💡Zeitzeugen
💡Überlieferung
Highlights
Introduction to historical sources and their significance.
Every person and object has a history, which can be explored.
Historians use historical sources to study and understand the past.
Anything that provides information about the past can be considered a historical source.
Example of finding an old box in the attic that provides clues about its age through its appearance.
Old letters from a grandparent can reveal insights into the family’s past.
Photos and films found in the attic show how people dressed, looked, and what they did in the past.
Talking to grandparents about these artifacts provides firsthand oral accounts of the past.
Historical sources can be classified into five categories: material sources, written sources, visual sources, audiovisual sources, and oral sources.
Material sources include objects like the old box found in the attic.
Written sources include letters, documents, and diaries.
Visual sources include photos and other imagery from the past.
Audiovisual sources include recordings, such as films and sound clips.
Oral sources include oral history from living witnesses or relatives, such as the grandparents' testimony.
Difference between ‘remains’ (accidentally preserved historical sources, like ruins or old coins) and ‘tradition’ (intentionally preserved records, such as diaries or monuments).
Transcripts
willkommen zur goldseller realschule
heute mit der frage was sind historische
quellen
[Musik]
jeder und alles hat eine geschichte das
wissen wir bereits
doch wie kann man geschichte erforschen
und etwas über unsere vergangenheit
erfahren
ein wichtiges hilfsmittel mit dem die
historiker arbeiten sind historische
quellen
rein theoretisch kann aber jeder
gegenstand und jedes lebewesen zu einer
historischen quelle werden solange man
durch das objekt etwas über die
vergangenheit erfährt aber am besten
wird das an ein paar beispielen
veranschaulicht stell dir vor du
durchstöbert an einem langweiligen
nachmittag euren dachboden
du findest dabei eine alte kiste die
schon ganz schön heruntergekommen
aussieht und die alte schrift darauf
könnt ihr schon erste informationen über
das alter der küste geben
findest du beim durchstöbern dieser
kiste alte briefe deines körpers an
deine oma so könntest du mit hilfe
dieser zeilen viel über die
vergangenheit der großeltern herauslesen
befinden sich darüber hinaus auch noch
film und bildaufnahmen von den
großeltern in der alten truhe so siehst
du zb wie sich die beiden damals
gekleidet haben wie sie aussahen wo sie
zu diesem zeitpunkt waren und was sie
dort machten
du bist nun natürlich neugierig gewonnen
und könnte es daraufhin deine großeltern
selbst zu den bildern und briten
befragen
und sie könnten der dann auch alles über
damals erzählen
wir wurden also durch ganz verschiedene
objekte und menschen informationen über
die geschichte geliefert
all diese zeugnisse der vergangenheit
nennt man historische quellen was du
noch nicht weisst du bist an diesem
nachmittag auf ganze fünf verschiedene
historische quellen angestoßen
da wären die sach quellen zb die alte
kiste die du auf dem dachboden gefunden
hast
es gibt schriftliche quellen zb die
briefe die den oper geschrieben hat
daneben existieren noch bildquellen wie
die alten fotos seiner großeltern
audiovisuelle quellen zum beispiel ton
und filmaufnahmen und schließlich
mündliche quellen zum beispiel
sogenannte zeitzeugenvideos eltern die
dir persönlich etwas über die
vergangenheit erzählen
darüber hinaus kann man quellen auch
noch in ihrer überlieferung weise
unterscheiden zu können uns heute aus
der vergangenheit ganz zufällig gefunden
werden weil sie von damals übrig
geblieben sind und sie erst später
wieder entdeckt wurden
diese quellen nennt man überreste du zb
hat die überbleibsel einer große dann
ganz zufällig auf dem dachboden entdeckt
die quellen wurden somit also
unabsichtlich überliefert weitere
beispiele für überreste sind zb skelette
alte münzen oder ruinen die aus zufall
bei ausgrabungen entdeckt werden im
unterschied dazu existieren aber auch
quellen die mit voller absicht für die
nachwelt produziert und weitergereicht
wurden führte deine oma zb ein tagebuch
dass du auch in der kiste findest
so jetzt sie ihre damaligen gefühle und
gedanken absichtlich und natürlich
eigentlich nur für sich selbst und ihr
späteres sich fest
solche absichtlichen überlieferungen
nennen wir tradition
weitere beispiele hierfür wären zb alle
geschriebenen texte und
geschichtsschreibung von autoren
denkmäler öffentliche bau und kunstwerke
oder auch die zeugenbefragung
und nun weil sie schon einiges mehr über
historische quellen
[Musik]
[Musik]
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