Part 1: The Social and Anthropological Perspectives | Understanding the Self | Cebu

Summary

The video script explores the concept of self in society and culture. It discusses the philosophical perspectives of body and mind, the roles people play in society, and how these roles define our self-concept. The lecture also covers the 'Ugly Duckling' story from a sociological viewpoint, emphasizing self-discovery and acceptance. It introduces the 'Big Five' personality traits, their biological basis, and how they influence our behavior. The script further delves into social interaction theories by Mead and Cooley, explaining how our self-identity is shaped by societal expectations and interactions. It concludes with the impact of culture on self, using examples like behavior changes in different cultural settings and language nuances.

Takeaways

• 🧠 The script discusses the philosophical concept of the bifurcation between body and mind or soul.
• 📚 Scholars were tired of the dualistic view and sought a new perspective on the self.
• 👩‍🏫 The speaker identifies themselves as a teacher, student, daughter, and woman, emphasizing the roles we play in society.
• 🌟 The concept of self is shaped by societal roles and cultural definitions.
• 🦆 The 'Ugly Duckling' story is used as a metaphor for self-realization and acceptance.
• 🌊 The 'Big Five' personality traits (OCEAN) are mentioned as having biological underpinnings, influencing how we interact with the world.
• 🌱 Openness to experience is described as a trait that drives curiosity and the desire for new experiences.
• 🔄 Conscientiousness is linked to responsibility and hard work, which are valued traits in employees.
• 🤝 Extroversion is not just about being around people but about gaining energy from social interactions.
• 🤔 Agreeableness and neuroticism are also discussed as key personality traits influencing how we behave and react.
• 🤝 The social self and the authentic self are influenced by societal expectations and cultural norms.
• 🌐 Cultural differences impact how we present ourselves and understand our identity, as shown by the example of behavior changes when abroad.

Q & A

What is the concept of bifurcation discussed in the script?

The concept of bifurcation refers to the dualistic or divided view of the body and the soul or mind, which is a philosophical perspective that separates the physical from the non-physical aspects of a person.

What does the script suggest about the role of society in shaping our identity?

The script suggests that our identities are shaped by the roles we play in society, such as being a teacher, student, daughter, etc., and how we interact with others influences our self-concept.

How does the script relate the story of the Ugly Duckling to the concept of self-understanding?

The script uses the Ugly Duckling story as a metaphor for self-discovery and understanding. Just as the duckling realizes it's a swan, individuals can come to understand their true selves, even if they feel they don't belong in certain societies.

What is the 'Big Five' personality test mentioned in the script, and what does it measure?

The 'Big Five' personality test, also known as the OCEAN model, measures five broad dimensions of personality: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. It has biological underpinnings and is used to understand an individual's personality traits.

How does the script define 'Openness' in the context of the Big Five personality traits?

Openness is defined as the personality trait of seeking new experiences and intellectual pursuits. People high in openness are curious, have many hobbies, and are eager to explore and learn about different cultures.

What is the difference between extroversion and introversion as discussed in the script?

Extroversion is characterized by seeking fulfillment and energy from social interactions, while introversion involves gaining energy from solitude and may involve a preference for quiet, individual activities. The script clarifies that extroversion does not mean always being around people, but rather getting energy from such interactions.

According to the script, how does the concept of 'agreeableness' affect how individuals behave in society?

Agreeableness reflects how individuals adjust their behaviors to suit others. It is a personality trait that indicates whether a person is likely to be compassionate, cooperative, and good-natured.

What is the role of social interaction in developing the self, as per the theories of Herbert Mead and Charles Horton Cooley mentioned in the script?

Social interaction plays a crucial role in developing the self. According to Mead, our concept of self emerges from our interactions with others, and Cooley's 'looking glass self' theory suggests that our self-image is shaped by how we imagine others perceive us.

What are the three phases of developing self-identity according to Cooley's theory mentioned in the script?

The three phases of developing self-identity according to Cooley are: 1) Imagining how one appears to others, 2) Imagining others' judgments of that appearance, and 3) Developing feelings about the response to those perceived judgments.

How does the script describe the concept of the 'generalized other' in relation to self-concept?

The 'generalized other' is described as the collective expectations and attitudes that society has towards actions and thoughts within a particular culture. It influences the 'me' (social self) and the 'I' (authentic self), shaping how individuals perceive themselves and behave in society.

What does the script suggest about the influence of culture on the self, using the example of Filipinos abroad?

The script suggests that culture significantly influences behavior and self-concept. For example, Filipinos may behave differently when abroad due to the cultural context. They might be more obedient to rules in a foreign country because they do not perceive the environment as 'theirs' as they would in their home country.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to the Concept of Self in Society

The speaker begins by acknowledging the various times of day their audience might be watching the video. They transition into a discussion about the philosophical perspectives on the body and soul or mind, noting the historical shift from dualistic views to more integrated ones. The speaker introduces the topic of roles in society, using their own identities as a teacher, student, and daughter as examples. They encourage viewers to reflect on their own identities and societal roles, and to consider how these are shaped by cultural context. The speaker also references the 'ugly duckling' story to illustrate the theme of self-discovery and societal acceptance.

05:01

🔍 The Big Five Personality Traits and Self-Understanding

This paragraph delves into the 'Big Five' personality traits, also known as the OCEAN model, which are scientifically linked to biological factors. The speaker explains that these traits—openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism—can be traced back to genetic predispositions. They describe each trait and how they manifest in behavior, using examples to illustrate the differences between high and low scorers on each trait. The speaker also discusses how these traits can impact one's perception of self and how they might change in different social contexts, such as during a pandemic.

10:03

🧠 Social Interaction and Self-Development

The speaker explores the role of social interaction in the development of self-concept, referencing theories by Herbert Mead and Charles Horton Cooley. They explain that the self is not static but evolves through social interactions. The 'looking glass self' concept is introduced, which posits that our self-image is shaped by how we believe others perceive us. The speaker outlines the three stages of self-identity development: imagining how we appear to others, imagining their judgment of that appearance, and developing feelings about those perceived judgments. They also touch on the concept of the 'generalized other,' which refers to the collective expectations of a society that influence an individual's behavior.

15:03

🌏 The Influence of Culture on the Self

In this paragraph, the speaker discusses how culture affects the self-concept, using the example of Filipinos adjusting their behavior when abroad due to different cultural norms. They differentiate between the 'person' (social self) and the 'moi' (authentic self), explaining how these aspects of self can change depending on the cultural context. The speaker also highlights the importance of language in shaping self-concept, using the Filipino language as an example of a gender-neutral language that contrasts with more gendered languages like Spanish. They conclude by setting the stage for a discussion on the self in relation to family in the next video.

Keywords

💡Bifurcation

Bifurcation refers to the splitting or forking of something into two parts. In the context of the video, it relates to the philosophical concept of dualism, which is the division between the body and the soul or mind. The script discusses the historical shift away from this dualistic view towards a more integrated understanding of the self.

💡Self-conceptualization

Self-conceptualization is the process by which individuals define themselves. The video discusses how people perceive their own identities, including roles they play in society such as being a teacher, student, or daughter. This concept is central to the video's exploration of personal identity and societal roles.

💡Roles

Roles refer to the functions or positions that individuals play within society. The script mentions roles as a way to understand how people define themselves based on their societal functions, such as being a teacher or a student, which are integral to their self-concept.

💡Ugly Duckling

The Ugly Duckling is a story used as a metaphor in the video to discuss the feeling of not belonging or being different. The script suggests that understanding oneself can lead to a realization similar to the duckling's discovery that it is actually a swan, implying self-acceptance and the discovery of one's true identity.

💡Big Five Personality Traits

The Big Five, also known as the Five-Factor Model, is a widely accepted taxonomy that describes five broad dimensions of human personality: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The video uses this model to discuss how personality traits can be biologically determined and how they influence self-perception.

💡Openness

Openness is one of the Big Five personality traits, referring to a person's willingness to experience new things. The video script uses the concept to illustrate how some individuals are naturally inclined to seek new experiences and intellectual pursuits, which can shape their self-concept.

💡Conscientiousness

Conscientiousness is another of the Big Five personality traits, indicating a person's level of organization, responsibility, and discipline. The video mentions that high conscientiousness is often valued in a work environment, suggesting it plays a role in how individuals are perceived by others and how they perceive themselves.

💡Extroversion

Extroversion is a personality trait characterized by outgoing and sociable behavior. The video explains that extroverts gain energy from being around others, contrasting with introverts who prefer solitude. It is used to discuss how different personality types interact with society and how that affects their self-concept.

💡Agreeableness

Agreeableness is a personality trait that reflects an individual's tendency to be compassionate and cooperative towards others. The video script mentions that high agreeableness is associated with getting along well with others, while low agreeableness might lead to conflict.

💡Neuroticism

Neuroticism is a personality trait associated with emotional instability and a tendency to experience negative emotions. The video discusses how neuroticism can influence a person's self-concept and how they are perceived within society.

💡Social Self

The social self refers to the part of an individual's self-concept that is shaped by social interactions and societal expectations. The video script explains that the social self is dynamic and influenced by the perceptions and judgments of others, as illustrated by the concept of the 'looking glass self'.

Highlights

Introduction to the philosophical perspectives on the bifurcation of body and soul or mind.

Discussion on the growing scholarly fatigue with dualistic conceptualizations.

Introduction to a new perspective that challenges traditional dualism.

Personal identity exploration through roles such as teacher, student, and daughter.

Invitation for viewers to comment and share their own identities.

Exploration of societal roles and their influence on self-concept.

Analysis of the 'Ugly Duckling' story from a sociological perspective.

Discussion on the realization of self-worth and belonging, akin to the 'Ugly Duckling' narrative.

Introduction to the 'Big Five' personality traits and their biological basis.

Explanation of how genes influence personality traits like openness and conscientiousness.

Description of extroversion and introversion, and their impact on personal energy levels.

Discussion on how the pandemic affected extroverts and introverts differently.

Introduction to the theories of self-development by Herbert Mead and Cooley.

Explanation of the 'looking glass self' and its development through social interactions.

Description of the three phases of self-identity development according to Cooley.

Discussion on the stages of self-development: preparatory, play, and game stages.

Introduction to the concept of the 'generalized other' and its role in shaping the self.

Analysis of how culture influences the self and the presentation of the 'person' and 'moi'.

Example of how Filipino culture affects behavior abroad and at home.

Discussion on the impact of language on self-concept, using the Filipino language as an example.

Transcripts

all right so um

good

morning good evening good afternoon

again depending on the time that you're

able to see this video

so we're done discussing about the

philosophical

um perspectives no

remember the bifurcation the dualistic

um conceptualization of the body and the

soul or mind no

um when it comes to around this period

know their people were already tired you

know the scholars the academics they

were already tired of

always

arguing

double baguette or separated bhagyotang

mind or

and

and then this perspective snow that we

will be talking about today

where was already the

pioneering okay

so before we start

[Music]

but since this is a video now you can

comment it if you like um don't be shy

but you can also um just put it in your

mind or in your

think or just say it whatever

so who am i who are you okay

so

for me um

i am

a teacher

i am a student as they say at the same

time and i am a daughter

i am

[Music]

a woman

that is

how i perceive myself

okay

so

how about you okay as i told you you can

comment

so as you observe no all of these

all of the things that i mentioned i am

a teacher i am a student

i am a

daughter

these are roles that i play in society

so

today we will be talking about

the roles that we place

okay so who are you

um

who is who

what is your

conceptualization of yourself when

you're in society and how do you also

define yourself based on your culture so

there are differences

as you may have known

so hopefully you know you will be

enlightened

so for the first part we'll be talking

about the self and society

so most people are other people their

thoughts are someone else's opinions

their lives a mimicry their passions a

quotation meaning

is that

originally from ours no these people

these scholars in a social

social perspective

theorization

most people are other people we're just

collections of all the interactions that

we've had for our

with other people's atom surroundings

immediate circles

outside circle

okay so i hope you've watched carefully

the video now um

i just like to ask now what are your

realizations about the ugly duckling

story of course

realizations

of

um

of the ugly ducklings

around with this sociological

perspective you may see and observe that

the duckling the ugly duckling was not

accepted um anywhere

he goes no he went to the docks he went

to the chicken even when he was adopted

by the farmer

[Music]

so um it if you analyze it carefully

within you

you would think that um

maybe um there are societies that you

think you don't belong

and it's this is again the beauty of

understanding yourself so once you

can

once you can um finally internalize or

understand yourself you will be like the

ugly duckling who went down below so his

own reflection realized he is a

beautiful swan after all

group so i hope you also realize that

thing know that um i realized this one

so the next slide would be the ocean or

the big five so i'm sure maybe you've

heard about it voila

you can search it up on a quizzes

internet

nah you can answer konsaka but do not

really trust anything from the internet

usually we need a valid and reliable

test

and you can get the result of what you

really are so just for educational

purposes you can search the big five

personality tasks and you can

answer that and let's find out um

so this ocean or the big five actually

has a biological underpinnings

now it's scientifically proven to have a

biological basis so meaning to say since

birth

genes indicate whether we're we're in

this spectrum

or where conscientious where extroverts

were agreeable or were

high in neuroticism okay so

um

of course on the other side of that

openness is cut on close close

mindedness conscientiousness maybe

you're not that responsible when we say

conscientiousness you're very

responsible you're hard-working

and that extrovert of course the other

side of the spectrum is introversion

agreeableness the other side is your

prone maybe to to

conflict with others and your criticism

is that

is stable emotionally on the other side

on the other side you are very

emotionally stable

so try to um as we go along the

discussion maybe

uh intervertebral extroverting okay so

openness is the personality trait of

seeking new experiences and intellectual

pursuits so if you're the type of person

that's very curious you have a lot of

hobbies you want to try a lot of things

you want to travel and you want to see

the world to learn another culture

maybe you're high in openness okay but

if you're the type that you're afraid to

travel in

then maybe low openness okay

conscientiousness is the personality

trait of being honest and hard-working

well that's separate of that if

dishonest

maybe you are low in conscientiousness

so init

you will answer this one and

most

recruiters no mutant conscientiousness

indicate that if you're high in

conscientiousness probably you are a

good employee so more chances of hiring

if the ask unconsciousness

next is extroversion it is the

personality trait of seeking fulfillment

from sources outside the self

or in community okay so um extroversion

does not mean to say that if you're

always around people you're already an

extrovert again extroversion and

introversion permit

anywhere no it's

it's widespread it's in facebook it's in

tumblr it's in youtube

but just to say extroverts actually and

energy if they're surrounded by people

but it does not mean to say they value

they don't value alone time yes they

value their alone time but

again must lively salamas comfortable

see life where they're around people so

wanashank

[Music]

you were once surrounded by a lot of

people and and

because of the isolation brought to you

by pandemic

extrovert if you're an introvert you

notice that you cope well probably

pandemic because you were you

you were always um you value so much

your alone time you get energy from your

alone time but it doesn't mean to say no

introverts antisocial no they have a lot

of friends as well no maybe but not that

much maybe an asleep

friends the look of friends and then

if mahwatangan nasilag energy motto

own quarters they would probably paint

read a book

introverts and me i am an introvert so i

love reading i volume my alone time if i

don't get that

energy

and um

particularly if my discus go and make

turn on up on camera

it's just the same as kanan ko

okay so baby i will cut this video into

two uh two parts we will just end in

within 30 minutes and then the next part

two will we will also discuss so

paradilica

and you can watch it in chunks next is

agreeableness or reflects how

individuals adjust their behaviors to

suit others

okay and then we move now to neuroticism

or the trait of having emotional

instability so

so again this is a biological

underpinning

now the role of social interaction in

developing the self nana should actually

do hackable theories we have herbert

mead and cooley so for me the postulate

that our concept of who we are emerges

as we interact with others no and the

theory is of the social young theory is

theory of the social self

um according to him also the self is not

static though continually evolving and

constructed with the interactions others

kankuli naman is the looking glass self

or view of ourselves coming from the

impressions of others okay

so not shy interactionist perspective

however

i don't say my difference

particular people

influence nemo and those people are

important in your life for example your

parents your teachers your friends but

for cooli

everyone can influence us no matter the

importance or significance in your life

so kanam aki animosa streets

again all people can influence the view

of oneself

so there are three phases of developing

self-identity according to kohli first

is an indiv an individual in a social

situation imagines how they appear to

others second is they imagine others

judgment of that appearance and then

third is they develop feelings about

response to those perceived judgments so

i had to take example for examples

philippines

it's not really technically what others

are really thinking about her it's her

imagination

she develops feelings about that

imagined response or judgment

and then she develops that concept of

herself so that is how the face of

self-identity is developed according to

huli

now for me

to look at

stages of self-development you have the

preparatory stage the play stage and the

game stage so the preparatory stage

children merely imitate the people

around them so if not

you will notice

that

touch stage not to start to pretend to

be other people they start to role play

normal doctor doctor nasillah makasel

because they're imitating what they've

observed cylon surroundings and mostly a

television pod and then the third stage

is the game stage they're no longer

playing roles but they start to consider

several tasks and relationship

simultaneously so ah within the game

i can be

i can be

so they can simultaneously

um

understand the roles of in each people

they interact and also their own role

bones

okay and we also have the concept of the

generalized other or the general notion

that the person has

um

of the common expectations that others

have about actions and thoughts within a

particular society

so this is the again can meet up on the

i

the me and the self so the me is our

social self the i is an authentic self

and monition generalized others so

monitoring viewpoints attitude attitudes

and expectations of society as a whole

so what if the philippines a viewpoint

milla of being a filipina is maria clara

being a

um

maybe you're the type of girls not

liberated

i was turned thinking because also of

the influence of the television or the

western media

okay so both of them interact to produce

the self no where that is according to

me

so we're now in the second part of the

lecture and that's the self and the

culture and the development of the self

in a social world we will be discussing

about various cultures and how the

culture affects the self okay

so the self and culture so sabine when

you're with girlfriend politka or

starbucks and you're with best friend

no martial mouse i don't know how he is

pronounced but

let's just say mouse nisha mouse okay

every self has two faces the person and

then the moi

the social self the person is composed

of the social concepts about the self

and the more is the basic identity the

person's sense of who he is okay

is um if you think about it deep inside

ikawra when you're alone okay or your

authentic self um as others um perceive

it to be but the person is yourself when

you're around other people when you're

with your friends with your classmates

with your teachers your family your

relatives no

so the dynamics of person differs every

culture or role you know so for example

for filipinos who travel abroad and

especially singapore with strict laws

regarding their streets no

you will notice that the filipinos are

very obedient no they follow traffic

rules they don't spit anywhere but if

why because for filipinos they consider

the streets to be theirs so it's theirs

for the taking it's theirs but

i am a filipino i live in the

philippines the streets are mine but if

you

abroad of course they don't feel belong

na society so they follow the rules so

that's another um theory but know why

egani and filipinos might change your

behavior and that's because of

culture okay and also we have the

example some men with their girlfriends

versus when men with their friends so

come on up boys

gentlemen when you're with your

girlfriend

baby baby

but when you're with your boyfriends do

you do that with your girlfriend no

right you want to appear as thick or

okay so there is paris um presentation

of yourself when you're in

the society you also have the language

now

so just to give you an example the

filipino language is very neutral

um

did you know the mahal kita is

translated as i love you of course but

the difference is an english translation

is not i i subject and i you my object

no there is the person who loves and

there's the person to love but the word

mahal kita kita is a second personal

pronoun that refers to both you and i

okay because

us both no so that's another

conceptualization of language so very

gender neutral and filipino language

unlike

spanish language

[Music]

language

um we'll

talk about this in the next video

the self and families