PPG 1.4 Types and Forms of Government
Summary
TLDRThis video discusses various types and forms of government, focusing on monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. It explains the differences between constitutional and absolute monarchies, the role of aristocracies, and the evolution of democratic systems. The video also explores different forms of democratic governments, such as presidential, parliamentary, and hybrid systems, with examples from countries like the Philippines, Australia, and France. Additionally, the video highlights federal systems, such as the United States, and their unique distribution of power between the federal government and individual states.
Takeaways
- 🗺️ The video covers types and forms of government used around the world, evolving through history to impact societal development.
- 👑 Monarchy is a government ruled by a single person, with various terms for monarchs such as king, queen, sultan, and more.
- 📜 Constitutional monarchy limits the monarch's power with a constitution, sharing governance with an organized government (e.g., the UK, Japan, Morocco).
- 🤴 Absolute monarchy gives the monarch complete control over political, economic, and social authority, as exemplified by Louis XIV of France.
- 👑 Aristocracy is a government ruled by a small, elite group, often of nobility or the political elite, as seen in ancient Sparta and medieval Europe.
- ⚖️ Democracy follows the rule of the people, with two main types: direct democracy (like ancient Athens) and representative democracy (starting with the Romans).
- 🇵🇭 The Philippines practices a presidential form of government with three branches: executive, legislative, and judiciary, and a bicameral legislature.
- 🇦🇺 Australia follows a parliamentary system where the executive and legislative branches are closely linked, with the prime minister leading the government.
- 🇫🇷 France uses a presidential-parliamentary system, where the president and prime minister share governing roles with specific powers.
- 🇺🇸 The federal system divides power between a federal government and individual states, as seen in the United States, where each state has distinct laws.
Q & A
What are the three major types of government according to classical arrangement?
-The three major types of government according to classical arrangement are monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
What is a monarchy, and what are the different titles used for monarchs in various nations?
-A monarchy is a form of government ruled by a single person, known as the monarch. Different titles for monarchs in various nations include king, queen, sultan, prince, czar, and emperor.
How does a constitutional monarchy differ from an absolute monarchy?
-In a constitutional monarchy, the power and authority to govern are shared between the monarch and an organized government, limited by a constitution. In an absolute monarchy, the monarch has complete control over political power, economics, and all forms of authority.
What is an aristocracy, and how does it differ from democracy?
-An aristocracy is a type of government ruled by a small group of people, typically from the political and social elite. In contrast, democracy follows the rule of the people, where power is more widely distributed among the population.
What are the two types of democracy, and how do they differ?
-The two types of democracy are direct democracy and representative (or republican) democracy. In direct democracy, people directly participate in government activities, whereas in representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to govern on their behalf.
What is the presidential system of government, and how is power divided in this system?
-In a presidential system of government, power is divided equally among three branches: the executive, legislative, and judiciary. The president serves as the head of the executive branch, and legislatures may be either unicameral or bicameral.
How does a parliamentary system function, and who leads the government in this system?
-In a parliamentary system, the executive and legislative branches are closely related. The government is led by a prime minister, appointed by the coalition parties with the greatest representation in the legislature. Minority parties serve as opposition.
What is a presidential-parliamentary system, and how does it combine elements of both systems?
-A presidential-parliamentary system is a hybrid of the presidential and parliamentary systems. It features both an elected president and a prime minister, who is chosen from the ranks of legislators in the parliament. The prime minister must maintain majority support in the legislature.
What is a federal system of government, and how is power divided in such a system?
-A federal system is a federation of individual states, each with its own democratic government. Power is clearly divided between the federal government and the member states. For example, in the United States, there are federal laws as well as state laws, which can vary between states.
What happens in a federal system if a crime is committed in one state and the criminal flees to another state?
-In a federal system, if a crime is committed in one state and the criminal flees to another, the state where the crime was committed must coordinate with the state the criminal fled to in order to extradite the criminal back for prosecution.
Outlines
🌍 Overview of Types and Forms of Government
This paragraph introduces the topic of government types and forms around the world, explaining their historical evolution and their roles in societal progress. It outlines three classical government types: monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. Monarchies are led by a single ruler like a king or queen, with two main variations: constitutional monarchy (where power is shared with a government) and absolute monarchy (where the monarch holds complete control). Aristocracy is a government led by a small group of elite individuals, while democracy is a government ruled by the people, with two forms: direct and representative democracy.
🏛️ Forms of Democratic Government
This paragraph explores the forms of democratic governments. The presidential system, like that of the Philippines, divides power between executive, legislative, and judicial branches, with a president as the head. Parliamentary systems, such as in Australia, have close ties between the executive and legislative branches, with a prime minister as the leader. The hybrid presidential-parliamentary system, like France's, combines both models, with a president and a prime minister. The federal system, like that of the United States, consists of individual states with distinct laws, and clear divisions of power between federal and state governments.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Monarchy
💡Constitutional Monarchy
💡Absolute Monarchy
💡Aristocracy
💡Democracy
💡Direct Democracy
💡Representative Democracy
💡Presidential Government
💡Parliamentary System
💡Federal System
Highlights
There are three major types of government: monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
Monarchy is a form of government ruled by a single person, such as a king, queen, sultan, or emperor.
There are two types of monarchy: constitutional monarchy, where the monarch's power is limited by a constitution, and absolute monarchy, where the monarch holds full authority.
An example of an absolute monarchy is Louis XIV of France, who ruled with complete control from 1661 to 1715.
Aristocracy is a form of government where a small group of people, often from noble or elite backgrounds, rule.
The concept of aristocracy is often associated with superior moral and intellectual capabilities of the ruling class.
Democracy is the rule of the many or rule of the people, and is currently the most popular form of government.
Two common types of democracy are direct democracy, where citizens directly participate in governance, and representative democracy, where citizens elect representatives.
In a presidential system, like in the Philippines, power is divided among the executive, legislative, and judiciary branches.
In a parliamentary system, the executive and legislative branches are closely connected, with the prime minister leading the government.
The presidential-parliamentary system is a hybrid of both systems, where both a president and a prime minister share power.
A federal system divides power between a central federal government and individual member states.
The United States of America is an example of a federal government, where individual states have their own laws that may differ from one another.
In federal systems, coordination between states is necessary when a crime is committed in one state and the suspect flees to another.
Different forms of democratic governments distribute power differently among leaders and institutions, influencing the structure of governance.
Transcripts
welcome back to philippine politics and
governance
today we will be talking about the types
and forms of government
there are different types and forms of
government utilized all around the world
by different nations
these forms have evolved throughout the
history and
have played great role in the progress
and development of societies that we
know to this day
types of government there are three
major types of government according to
classical arrangement
these are monarchy aristocracy and
democracy
monarchy refers to the government ruled
by a single person
the soul ruler is called the monarch
there are various terms used for the
monarch in different nations such as
king
queen sultan prince czar emperor and
others
the monarch gets help from the
bureaucracy composed of ministers
court officials and local governors
these bureaucrats and the monarch govern
the entire state
there are two types of monarchy
constitutional monarchy
a monarchy that is defined and limited
by a constitution
the power and authority to govern is
shared between the monarch and an
organized government
some examples are united kingdom spain
japan
morocco kuwait jordan and others
absolute monarchy this is a type of
government where the monarch had
complete control over political power
economics and all forms of authority
this
is clearly depicted by louis xiv who
ruled france in 1661 to 1715
when he proclaimed i am the state quite
literally so
some key features of the absolute
monarchy is hereditary rules and divine
right of kings
aristocracy refers to the type of
government that is ruled by a small
group of people
this is also known as oligarchy during
the medieval period
the nobility families of royal blood or
people with honorary titles
established an aristocracy with the
right to govern
this aristocracy is mainly composed of
people
who belong to the political and social
elite the aristocrats are said to be the
best qualified to rule
being the morally and intellectually
superior group in the state
some examples are the brahm cast in
india
the spar shiats in sparta the patricians
in
optimus or rome and the medieval
nobility in europe
democracy refers to the government that
follows the rule of the many or rule of
the people concept
currently it is the most popular type of
government
it lives by the motto of the people by
the people
for the people there are two common
types of democracy
first direct democracy based on the
ancient
form of government most notably that of
athens
where the people directly participated
in all government activities
however this only worked good in a tribe
or city-state areas
which was small enough to be suitable
for democracy by assembly or direct
democracy
representative or republican democracy
in the beginning of 18
th century representative or republican
democracy was established
it was said to be introduced by the
romans representative democracy gave
inherent power to the citizen to elect
their representatives
who will embody their sentiments and
goals in the government
forms of democratic government there are
different forms of democratic
governments that are currently
recognized throughout the world
these forms are based on the means by
which power is distributed among the
leaders and
institutions of the government
presidential government this is the form
of government utilized in the
philippines
in theory presidential system has its
power divided equally among its three
branches
the executive legislative and judiciary
branches
it recognizes the president as the
highest official of the state and the
head of the executive branch
presidential governments have
legislatures that may either be a
unicameral
composed of one house such as an
assembly or
bicameral composed of two houses such as
the house of representatives and the
senate
currently in the philippines we have
president rodrigo duterte as the
president
diastato peralta as the chief justice of
the supreme court of the philippines
and we have bicameral legislature
parliamentary system
characterized by the close relationship
between the executive and legislative
branches
it is a democratic form of government
where coalition parties with the
greatest representation in the
legislature
or the parliament forms the government
the leader is a prime minister or
a chancellor the cabinet members are
appointed by the prime minister and the
coalition parties in minority serve as
an
opposition to the majority they also
challenge the duty of the majority to
ensure that no anomalies or illegalities
are happening within the government
australia is a constitutional monarchy
and parliamentary democracy type of
government
the parliament consists of the queen
represented by the governor general
and two houses the senate and the house
of representatives
presidential parliamentary system this
is a hybrid of the first two democratic
systems
it has an elected president and a
presidentially appointed prime minister
and
his or her cabinet members who are
chosen among the ranks of legislators in
the parliament
the prime minister must maintain
majority support in legislature
the power of the president varies among
the nations practicing this system
however he or she does have the power to
dissolve the parliament or assembly
and organize a new government the most
prominent example for this
is the government of france the current
president of
france is emmanuel macron and the prime
minister is gene castex
federal system is a federation of
individual states that has its own
democratic government
there is a clear division of power
between the federal government and each
member state
there is a president that is considered
as the leader of the federation
and governors in each state for example
the united states of america is one of
the most popular federal government in
the world
each state has different set of laws
from other state
to be specific there are some laws that
are illegal in one state
but is legal in another another example
if a murderer commits the crime in
nevada but flees the state and
enters california even if he got caught
by the police
they won't be able to charge him
anything unless he breaks the laws of
the state of california
but if he doesn't the state of nevada
should coordinate first with the police
of california
to have the suspect sent back to nevada
thank you for watching in the next video
lesson
we will be talking about political
ideologies
see you there
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