Jean PIAGET - COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT | Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Operational, and Formal Stage
Summary
TLDRThis script discusses Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory, outlining the stages of cognitive growth from infancy to adulthood. It explains cognition as the ability to process information from the external world, highlighting three key processes: organization, equilibrium, and adaptation. The script describes four developmental stages: sensory-motor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operational, detailing how children's understanding evolves from simple perceptions to complex abstract thinking. It emphasizes the importance of nurturing cognitive skills through play and exploration, and the video concludes with an invitation to join the channel for deeper dives into psychological topics.
Takeaways
- 🧠 Cognition is the ability to process information from the external world and is crucial for interaction and survival.
- 👶 The cognitive development theory by John Piaget outlines how cognition develops from infancy to adulthood.
- 🔄 Three fundamental processes of cognition are organization, equilibrium, and adaptation.
- 👶🏻 The sensory-motor stage (0-2 years) is where infants learn through their senses and motor skills, developing an understanding of object permanence.
- 🧩 The pre-operational stage (2-7 years) introduces symbolic thinking, language, and pretend play, but children are still egocentric.
- 🔄 The concrete operational stage (7-11 years) sees children develop logical thinking and problem-solving skills related to tangible objects.
- 💭 The formal operational stage (12+ years) allows adolescents to think abstractly, consider hypothetical scenarios, and engage in metacognition.
- 🌟 Piaget's theory emphasizes that cognitive development is not instantaneous but a gradual process with distinct stages.
- 🌐 As we age, our cognitive schemas become more complex, reflecting a deeper understanding of multiple perspectives and approaches to reality.
- 🔑 The complexity of human cognition is a significant contribution of Piaget's work, highlighting the journey from simple to complex thought processes.
Q & A
What is the main topic discussed in the script?
-The main topic discussed in the script is John Piaget's cognitive development theory, which explains how human cognition develops from infancy to adulthood.
What are the three processes that Piaget suggests are fundamental to cognitive development?
-The three processes fundamental to cognitive development according to Piaget are organization, equilibrium, and adaptation.
How does the concept of 'schema' relate to cognitive development?
-In cognitive development, 'schema' refers to mental frameworks or structures that help individuals organize and interpret information from their experiences.
What is the significance of the 'sensory-motor stage' in Piaget's theory?
-The 'sensory-motor stage' is significant as it is the first stage of cognitive development, where infants learn to understand and interact with the world through their senses and motor actions.
What is the difference between 'assimilation' and 'accommodation' in Piaget's theory?
-In Piaget's theory, 'assimilation' is the process of incorporating new information into existing schemas without changing them, while 'accommodation' involves altering schemas to fit new information.
Why are children considered 'egocentric' during the pre-operational stage?
-Children are considered 'egocentric' during the pre-operational stage because they perceive the world only from their own perspective, unable to understand that others may have different viewpoints.
What is the 'concrete operational stage' and what are its key features?
-The 'concrete operational stage' is a developmental stage where children begin to think logically and solve problems, but their thinking is still tied to concrete objects and real-life situations rather than abstract concepts.
How does Piaget define the 'formal operational stage'?
-Piaget defines the 'formal operational stage' as the final stage of cognitive development where adolescents can think abstractly, reason hypothetically, and engage in metacognition.
What is the role of play and language in the cognitive development of children?
-Play and language play crucial roles in cognitive development as they provide children with opportunities to practice new skills, express themselves symbolically, and expand their understanding of the world.
How does Piaget's theory suggest that cognitive development is not a sudden event but a process?
-Piaget's theory suggests that cognitive development is a process because it involves a series of stages, each characterized by the refinement of schemas and the ability to handle increasingly complex information and abstract thinking.
What is 'metacognition' and how does it relate to the formal operational stage?
-Metacognition is the ability to think about one's own thinking processes. It is related to the formal operational stage as it represents a higher level of cognitive development where adolescents can reflect on and analyze their thought processes.
Outlines
🧠 Cognitive Development Overview
The paragraph introduces the concept of cognitive development through the lens of John Piaget's theory. It discusses cognition as the ability to process information from the external world and emphasizes the importance of understanding how humans develop this ability from infancy to adulthood. The speaker outlines three key processes in cognitive development: organization, equilibrium, and adaptation. Organization involves making sense of information, equilibrium is the balance between internal schemas and external information, and adaptation is the adjustment of schemas to accommodate new information. The paragraph sets the stage for a deeper dive into the stages of cognitive development.
👶 Sensory-Motor Stage of Development
This section delves into the first stage of cognitive development known as the sensory-motor stage, which occurs from birth to around two years of age. During this period, infants interact with the world primarily through their senses and motor functions. The speaker explains how infants initially perceive the world and how they develop an understanding of object permanence, realizing that objects continue to exist even when not in sight. The paragraph also touches on the transition to the pre-operational stage, where children begin to engage in symbolic thinking and language acquisition, marking a significant leap in their cognitive abilities.
🌟 Language and Pretend Play
The speaker discusses the rapid cognitive development in young children, particularly the explosion of language acquisition around the age of 3 or 4. Children at this stage can quickly learn a substantial vocabulary and begin to engage in pretend play, which is a sign of symbolic thinking. They start to create their own realities through role-playing and fantasy, indicating a growing creativity and curiosity. The speaker advises encouraging this exploratory behavior and answering children's questions to the best of one's ability to support their cognitive growth, while also mentioning the limitations in their practical application of knowledge due to their limited life experiences.
🧐 Egocentrism and Concrete Operational Thinking
In this paragraph, the focus shifts to the pre-operational stage, where children are described as egocentric, meaning they perceive the world only from their own perspective. This leads to behaviors like hiding objects and believing they are invisible to others if out of their sight. The speaker also notes the transition to the concrete operational stage, which occurs around 7 to 11 years old. During this stage, children develop logical thinking and problem-solving skills, but these are limited to concrete objects and situations. They begin to understand concepts like measurement and quantity, which are crucial for mathematical thinking.
🤔 Formal Operational Stage and Metacognition
The final paragraph discusses the formal operational stage, which begins around age 12 and continues into adulthood. Adolescents in this stage are capable of thinking about abstract concepts and engaging in hypothetical reasoning. The speaker highlights the development of metacognition, which is the ability to think about one's own thinking processes. This stage is characterized by a more complex and higher-order thinking, allowing individuals to consider various perspectives and approaches to understanding reality. The speaker concludes by emphasizing the gradual and non-instantaneous nature of cognitive development, acknowledging Piaget's significant contribution to the field.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Cognition
💡Schema
💡Equilibrium
💡Assimilation
💡Accommodation
💡Sensory-Motor Stage
💡Preoperational Stage
💡Concrete Operational Stage
💡Formal Operational Stage
💡Egocentric
Highlights
Introduction to John Piaget's cognitive development theory.
Cognition is the ability to process information from the outside world.
Three processes of cognition: organization, equilibrium, and adaptation.
Organization involves grouping similar and dissimilar information.
Equilibrium is the balance between internal schemas and external information.
Assimilation and accommodation are methods of adaptation.
The sensory-motor stage is the first stage of cognitive development from birth to 2 years.
Object permanence is a concept developed during the sensory-motor stage.
The pre-operational stage occurs from 2 to 7 years old, marked by symbolic thinking.
Language acquisition is a significant milestone in the pre-operational stage.
Egocentrism is a characteristic of the pre-operational stage where children see the world only from their perspective.
The concrete operational stage is from 7 to 11 years old, introducing logical thinking.
Children in the concrete operational stage can solve problems involving concrete objects.
The formal operational stage starts at around 12 years old, with the ability to think about abstract concepts.
Metacognition, or thinking about one's thinking, is a part of the formal operational stage.
Piaget's theory suggests that cognitive development is a process with distinct stages, not an overnight change.
The complexity of human cognition is a result of a developmental process, as explained by Piaget.
Encouragement for children to play and explore is crucial for cognitive development.
The importance of answering children's questions to support their cognitive growth.
Transcripts
so Hello at Welcome ulit sa ating human
development series Ako si JP at
pag-uusapan natin ngayon yung siguro
pinakahihintay ng marami sa inyo nung
nalaman niyong may human development
series tayo which is Iyung theory ni
John PJ na tinawag niyang cognitive
development theory napaka napaka
Straight forward ni Pia J So basically
pag-uusapan natin dito kung ano yyung
cognition and Paano nade-develop no yung
cognition ng isang tao mula sa pagkabata
no sa infancy hanggang sa adolescent or
in adulthood Okay so yun ang pag-usapan
natin ngayon so Huwag na natin patagalin
Roll na nating intro
[Musika]
Wow so ano nga ba yung cognition so
inung cognition is yung ability ng mga
tao or ng mga ibang organisms na
i-process yyung mga information sa
outside world So basically This Is How
We interact no sa mundong ibabaw ' ba
kumbaga kailangan nating iproseso ' ba
kung ano yung nakikita natin naririnig
natin nararamdaman natin nalasa natin
even ' ba para alam natin kung paano
mag-navigate paano mag-survive basically
dito sa mundong ito so ang cognition ng
tao is arguably the best kind of
cognition na meron dito sa mundo kung h
natin i-include Siguro iyung mga ai
Although to be fair hindi pa naman ganon
katindi yyung cognition ng mga ai no so
arguably mga tao pa din yung may
pinaka-advanced na cognition so ang
tanong e Paano nga ba natin pinoproseso
yung mga impormasyon na nakikita natin
sa paligid natin So ayon kay phj May
tatlong processes na parang sinusundan
yung cognition ng isang tao first is
yung organization second is yung
equilibrium and Third is yung adaptation
Okay so unahin natin yung organization
So basically sinasabi ni PJ na yung mga
tao daw Eh meron tayong tendency no no
i-organize yyung mga information na
nakakalap natin So There are many ways
to organize information first is yung
pagsama-sama natin yung mga parhas na
bagay sa mga hindi parhas na bagay ' ba
So yun yung pinaka-basic and then of
course yung mga ibang complex Like for
example making conclusions ' ba sa mga
information na nakukuha natin or making
some concepts ' ba So kumbaga
pinagtatagpong mga information na yan
para mag-make sense siya basically so
Once na nag-make sense na yung mga
bagay-bagay a makakabuo tayo ng mga
paniniwala or mga beliefs mga concepts
no mga constructs na based doun sa mga
information na napulot natin ang tawag
doun sa mga ion is schema no let's say
for example nakita natin yyung crash
natin tumititig sa atin pag tinitignan
natin sila ' ba O agad-agad may delusion
T mean may schema tayo na- crash din
tayo ng crash natin So that's how schema
works Okay so yung mga schema
nag-uumpisa yan sa mga simpleng schema
hanggang sa maging complex na schema na
medyo pag-uusapan natin mamaya So gusto
rin ng mga tao na tugma yung internal
schema nila sa external information na
nakikita or nakakalap nila so ang tawag
doon is equilibrium pantay yyung
dalawang factors na to kasi pag hindi
nagpantay for example si schema is medyo
iba no sa new information na nakikita sa
labas eh nagkakaroon ng tinatawag na
disequilibrium so ung this equilibrium
na to Ito yung magli-lead sa isang tao
para bumalik ' ba sa equilibrium para
mag-make sense pa rin no para ma-
organize pa rin ng maayos yung mga
information so para makapag basically
adapt ' ba yun yung third process para
makapag adapt yung tao eh mabalanse niya
yon Nono so there are two ways of
adaptation first is Iyung assimilation
and then second is Iyung accommodation
so sa assimilation basically parang wala
kang babaguhin sa schema mo yung new
information tatanggapin mo siya kasi
aligned siya sa schema mo or iti-treat
mo yung new information as a line no sa
schema mo let's say for example sa mga
bata No yung mga Baby let's say for
example yung paglalaro niya sa mga
laruan niya is basically
pinagpatong-patong niya in-stock niya '
ba kasi mga blocks usually ung mga
laruan nila and then nung binigyan siya
ng new toy which is yyung toy cars ' ba
yung mga toy cars Bago yan so bagong
information meron siyang schema so ang
gagawin niya Kukunin niya yyung mga toys
na yan and then papag patong-patong niya
Okay so that's how assimilation works so
sa accomodation naman on the other hand
eh babaguhin yung internal schema para
makapasok yung bagong information So
paano yun going back doun sa example
nung bata so nakita niya no meron siyang
schema pagpatung-patungin yung mga
laruan tapos tinray niyang
pagpatung-patungin yung mga toy cars
niya and Anong nangyari dumudulas kasi
may gulong yang mga yan basically ' ba
So ang mangyayari pag accommodation is
babaguhin ng bata Yung kanyang schema so
hindi pala lahat ng laruan eh Pwedeng
pagpatung-patungin kasi yung iba
dumudulas okay so iniba no yung schema
na meron para ma-accommodate or para
makapasok yung external information na
bago so adaptation usually ang dahilan
kung bakit yung mga schema na meron
yyung tao is very complex kasi
nag-uumpisa tayo sa mga simpleng schema
Yun nga simple lang na yung mga lahat ng
laruan y i stock ta's eventually
mare-realize ng mga tao or ng isang bata
habang tumatanda siya na marami pang
ways no para mabago yung schema na yon
na Lapat pa rin sa reality so knowing
that ang tanong is paano nagde-deliver
yung cognition ng isong bata from the
schema na kung papaano laruin yung mga
laruan to the point na parang
pag-iisipan na kung anong meaning ng
buhay na puno ng pighati life is
suffering and so on so let's discuss the
stages of development na dinadaanan ng
mga tao para magkaroon tayo ng capacity
para pag-isipan kung ano nga ba ang
meaning ng buhay at ng kamatayan pero
sig Ano na y k j muna tayo stages of
[Musika]
development
Okay so first stage of development natin
is yung tinatawag nating sensory motor
stage no na nangyayari at the age zero
to2 So yung mga ages dito medyo ano lang
sila rough estimation lang sila kasi
iba-iba yung pacing ng mga tao no merong
iba na parang mabilis lang parang
mabagal no 0 to 3 0 to2 kaya iba-iba
yung makikita niyong mga ages kasi Ganon
talaga yung mga tao iba-iba Sila No but
anyway hindi naman yung importante ang
pinakaimportante sa mga stages na'to is
hindi ung edad kung hindi yung mga
nangyayari no kaya doun tayo magfo-focus
So ano nga bang nangyayari sa sensory
motor stage So from the word itself
sensory plus motor So naka-focus yung
cognition natin or Iyung way of
interaction natin with the world through
our senses no senses Iyung sight Iyung
hearing no Iyung smelling Iyung touching
ah an pa ba yung isa lagi ko
nakakalimutan yung isa tasting yun
tasting Ah so senses and then motor
functions ' ba So kaya Makikita natin
yung mga baby ' ba usually ang modo
operande nila una makikita nila yung
laruan ' ba tapos kung marunong ng
gumapang yan gagapangin so that is motor
' ba and then
iga-guide na naririnig natin nalalasahan
natin no nararamdaman natin eh yun lang
yung realidad yun lang yung mga
nag-e-exist na bagay-bagay sa mundo so
Once na hindi na nakikita ng isang bata
yung isang Mukha ' ba para sa kanya it
ceases to exist parang hindi na
nag-e-exist basically wala na sa mundo
no yung mukha mo kaya parang Pag
pinakita mo ulit yung mukha mo ' ba doun
sa Kik Bulaga Ayan parang What the F
moment sa kan Par uy ' ba wala ka na
Ba't bigla ka nabuhay ' ba So basically
tinatawanan nila yung death and
Resurrection ng mukha mo So ganun yung
sensory motor staged sa mga baby but
eventually of course no through brain
development Syempre
nag-concert nila and so on and then of
course nagkakaroon din sila ng
experience no lagi kay nag kikick Bulaga
kck Bulaga parang eventually
mare-realize din ang bata na parang
hindi naman pala lahat na mga bagay na
hindi ko nakikita eh Nawawala minsan
kahit hindi ko nakikita yung mga
bagay-bagay Eh nandiyan pa rin sila
nagiging nagpa-pic pa rin sila permanent
yung mga bagay-bagay so ang tawag doun
sa konsepto na yun is object permanent
so once ang bata is na-realize niya na
yon na yung mga object is permanent
kahit hindi nila makita continue silang
mag-exist eh Malapit na sila doon sa
susunod na stage basically tapos na sila
sa sensory motor So pupunta na sila sa
pre-operational stage na tinatawag so sa
preoperational stage nangyayari to from
2 to 6 or 2 to 7 Syempre Depende no sa
mga bata sa I mention So lahat pala ng
stages ganun no walang definitive na age
range basta nangyayari lang yung mga
nangyayari so sa stage na' is nag
nakaroon ng ability yung bata sa
tinatawag nating symbolic thinking So
ibig sabihin they can represent things
in reality through symbols no so as
mention nga kanina hindi na nila
kailangan makita yung actual na bagay
para malaman nila nag-e-exist yun So
mag-extend yyun doon sa symbolic
thinking na kung saan yung parang kahit
isang bagay lang non na hindi naman
necessarily yon eh nare-realize
block tapos ang gagawin lang kukunin
nila and then lalagay nila sa tenga nila
tos
magss so that is a sign of symbolic
thinking kasi yyung block of toy is a
symbol for what for the phone and
nakikita niyya yyung nanay niya na nasa
phone lagi So parang ganon siguro ngayon
hindi na ganon o ganon ganon kasi
napanood namin ganon yung telephone no
telephone pa n Alam niyo pa ba yun yung
telephone yung kung anou Yung icon ng
call yun yung telephone no Alam niyo pa
ba yun kasi kung h niyo naalam feeling
kung matanda na ako Anyway so that is
symbolic thinking So merong mga side
effects or pero merong mga repercussions
kumbaga yung symbolic thinking and one
of them is that they can play pretend
nga as mentioned kanina and another
thing is they will be able to learn
language no magkakaroon na silang
ability para magsalita no and then in
Extension magbasa t saka magsulat kasi
basically words are symbols ' ba yung
pag narinig ng bata yung word na mama '
ba ah it represents the person na
nag-alaga sa kan niya ' ba ung parang
humel sa kanya nagpakain sa kanya and so
on so sa word lang na mama ' ba So ang
daming mga concepts ang daming mga
experiences ang
nae-encounter
explosion at the age of 3 or 4 years old
Depende sa bata mas mabilis yung M mga
babae na magsalita kump para sa mga
lalaki but the but still magkakaroon
sila ng parang Pag nakapag learn ng na
sila Siguro ng 50 words eh bigla-bigla
after siguro overnight magkakaroon sila
ng mga 1,000 to 5,000 words
[Musika]
Okay so Once na na-master nila yyung
play yung pretend play and speech eh may
ability na sila para mag-create ng
kanilang own reality in the form of
fantasies ' ba kaya Makikita natin yyung
mga bata they are role playing ' ba
parang o ako si Batman ako si Superman o
kaya kung ano-ano pang mga creatures na
Out of This World kasi hindi na natin
alam kung sa sila napupunta sa internet
By the way Huwag niyo munang bibigyan ng
internet yung bata kasi ma ma- stifle
yung Ah yung cognitive development but
anyway so Ayun magkakaroon sila ng
parang explosion din no in terms of
creativity kaya as much as possible
Dapat ine-encourage natin sila no to to
play on their own para hindi ma-stop '
ba Hindi ma-stop yung parang ah
pag-explain and speaking of exploration
yan nagiging curious din yung mga bata
at this age kasi nga parang finaflex
nila yung bagong natutunan nilang skills
which is yung words ' ba tanong ng mga
tanong yan so pag nagtatanong sila do
your best no to answer them para
magtuloy-tuloy nga yung kanilang
cognition huwag natin silang lolokohin
huwag natin silang bibiruin masyado no
ah kung hindi niyo na kaya yung mga
tanong nila bilhan niyo sila ng libro
kasi ganun yung ginawa ng mga magulang
namin sa amin kasi marami daw kam
masyadong tanong Ayun dumami yung mga ah
Encyclopedia na pambata sa
bahay but even though nagiging creative
sila sa mga panong ito eh eh Meron pa
rin silang konting weaknesses no Kasi
nga dahil bagong salta lang sila sa
mundo eh Medyo hindi pa ganon katindi or
kadami yung experience nila sa buhay
kaya nga sabi ni fuds ' ba ah kids are
[Musika]
dumb Ah it's a hard one to get out you
got Although Yun nga hindi naman sila
talaga dumb they just lack experience no
So yung mga alam nila usually alam lang
nila by their mind but in practice
kumbaga Hindi pa nila gaanong
napa-practice yung mga natututunan nila
can we count backwards Yeah All right
here we go 10
n kaya ang tendency nagiging modus
operand din ng mga preoperational labata
is they are very egocentric ibig sabihin
ah They only see the world in their own
perspective in the most literal sense no
kaya nakakatawa pag nakikipaglaro ka sa
mga preoperational na bata ng
tagu-taguan ' ba tatago lang nila yung
ulo nila toos Akala nila hindi mo na
sila Nakikita kasi sa perspective nila
pag di ka nila nakikita ibig sabihin
hindi mo rin sila nakikita ' ba kasi nga
egocentric So kung ano lang yung alam
nila
ipo-produce
kaya parang Pag binigyan mo sila ng
dalawang baso ' ba kunyari ung isang
baso matangkad na payat tapos ung isang
baso eh maliit pero medyo chunky taos
lagi mo ng juice yun or kung anoang
drinks ang lagi nilang pipiliin is yung
nasa matangkad no When In Reality eh
parehas lang naman yung laman nung
dalawa no Magkaiba lang him shape So
bakit ganon kasi siguro ah for for their
entire life No dahil maliit sila no
tsung tumatanda sila lahat ng nakikita
nilang mas matangkad sa kanila is
usually mas better sa kanila mas Ah mas
matanda sa kanila ' ba and basically
Parang mas magaling sa kanila so ang
tendency generalize nila yon So kahit sa
baso no basta matangkad yun na yun mas
magaling yun Mas marami Iyun mas
maraming laman yyun So yun yyung kukunin
nila so eventually through brain
development and Syempre experiences na
rin eh mare-realize din nila na parang
hindi lang generalization ang way no ng
pag-oorganize ng mga bagay-bagay Once na
na-realize na nila to eh Pwede na silang
pumunta sa next stage of development na
tinatawag nating concrete operational
stage so ang concrete operation stage is
nangyayari to from 7 to 11 no Elementary
School no so school age na so dito
nagkakaroon na sila ng logical thinking
no Kasi kung papansinin niyo sa
pre-operational hindi pa logical Masyado
silang generalization Masyado silang
intuition based so dito sa stage na ito
mare-realize nila y ng mundo is very
complex no and usually parang kailangan
pag-isipan talaga no yung mga
bagay-bagay lalo na yung mga problema na
sino-us solve nila sa araw-araw nilang
buhay so sa stage na' marunong na silang
mag logical problem solving Okay hindi
na sila masyadong uto-uto kasi nung
pre-operational kung anong sasabihin mo
sa kanila paniniwalaan nila yon with all
their lives no pero ngayon dahil meron
na silang logical thinking no na pwedeng
ibangga sa mga sinasabi ng ibang tao and
minsan nag-counter argument din sila or
hindi naman counter argument more
counter examples ' ba sa mga bagay-bagay
So hindi na sila ganon kabilis parang
ma-encourage or ma-persuade no so
pagbibigyan mo sila ng mas matangkad na
baso no parang pag-iisipan muna nila
kung mas marami nga talaga yan kasi
hindi na lang tangkad yung tinitignan
nila tinitignan na rin nila ung lapad ng
mga bagay-bagay so lalo na pag nakita
nila may measurement yan ' ba parang
binibigay mo sa kanila 50 mL Tapos yung
isa 100 mL pala kasi meron na rin silang
mathematical thinking or arithmetic
thinking Alam na nila Iyung numbers no
ah yyung quantity ng mga numbers Alam na
nila kung paano mag-add
mag-submit ng mundo yun nga lang yung
logical problem solving skills nila is
mas applicable lang sa mga concrete na
objects ' ba So kaya nilang i-solve yung
problem na kung saan ilang ah mansanas
na lang yung natira kay jose no nung
Kinuha ni Procopio Yung lima mula doun
sa 10 na meron si Jose So alam nila yung
sagot doon is five pero Kung tatanungin
mo sila deserve ba ni Jose na makuhanan
siya ng limang mansanas Bakit or Bakit
hindi medyo mahihirapan silang sagutin
yun in a justifiable way kasi nga
limited sa concrete things no yung
kanilang logical thinking So kaya nga
concrete operational pero Once na
nagkaroon na sila ng again brain
development more experience and then
eventually magkakaroon na sila ng
capacity to grasp iyung mga abstract na
concept which brings us to the last
cognitive stage of development ni Pia J
na tinawag niyang formal operation stage
na nangyayari at the age 12 and Above
Yun nga lang merong ibang mga research
na nagsasabi na parang hindi lahat
umaabot do Although kung pag-uusapan
natin y magtatagal tayo kaya just puting
out there so dito sa stage na'to yung
mga adolescent eh may capacity na sila
no to think about abstract concept So
ano ba yung mga abstract concept for
example Yun nga justice ' ba love Okay
poverty power Freedom yung mga ganyan
mga abstract concepts y mga Ian ibig
sabihin hindi sila hindi mo nakikita no
Pero nag-exist sila at least in our mind
So parang higher level of symbols sila
kumbaga they represent Something In
Reality but hindi sila parang kunyari
mansanas ' baung sana mahahawakan mo
pero yyung Freedom mahawakan mo ba yyung
Freedom hindi mo pero alam mo no na may
konsepto ng Freedom So yun yyung mga
abstract concepts na tinatawag So yung
mga adolescent supposedly ideally dapat
Alam na nila kung papaano iproseso yung
mga ganong klaseng mga topics and then
Parang sabi nga ni PJ dito na yung stage
na kung saan
nagde-deliver ial or even motor kasi nga
mas marami na tayong experience Mas
marami na tayong accommodation na ginawa
Mas marami na tayong adjustment na
ginawa sa mga schemas natin So it makes
sense no na mas mataas or mas higher
order na iyung thinking natin no in fact
we can also think about our thinking '
ba the fact na pinag-uusapan natin Iyung
cognition This is a form of formal
operation so parang pinag-iisipan natin
yung pag-iisip natin So ang tawag Dian
sa English is metacognition so at this
stage din kay na rin natin magdeal with
sa mga hypothetical or sa mga What if
scenarios ng buhay no parang basically
Same lang to ng mga fantasies natin nung
pre-operational stage no pero yung
pinagkaiba lang is this time since Meron
na marami na tayong experience no meron
na tayong logical thinking yyung mga
realities na
pina-prioritize Anong mangyayari sa
Pilipinas ' ba yung mga trivial na ganon
kaya na nating pag-usapan kaya nating
pagdebatihan sa klase no or pwede din
naman sa mga practical things ' ba What
if crash ka ng crash mo ' ba anong
mangyayari SAO ' ba magkakatuluyan ba
kayo o hindi so Ayun ' ba yung mga dulo
natin I mean yung mga What ifs natin
kahit hypothetical Yan ' ba ang useful
pa rin nila kasi p hindi mo pag-iisipan
yung ah mga bagay-bagay na ganyan eh
hindi ka magiging ready Once na dumating
na sila ' ba Once na nag-confess na yung
crush mo Anong gagawin mo or something
like that that according kay Pia J ito
na yung last stage of development natin
Although may mga nagsasabi no yung mga
Neo Pia J sian na tinatawag na ah kontin
yyung tradition ni PJ at parang nilagyan
nila ng DLC downloadable content No
parang meron silang sinasabi na Next
Stage which is yyung post formal thought
so mas Parang mas complicated version ng
formal operations but that's a topic for
another day so yan ang proseso ng
development ng cognition ng isang tao
ayon kay John PJ so as you can see ' ba
yung schema natin nag-umpisa sa very
simple What I cannot see Do not exist
tapos hanggang sa nag-develop siya no
what if i Seas to exist What if mamatay
ako anong mangyayari ' ba so hindi
nangyari overnight yung development na
yan noo and kaya din Siguro mapapansin
natin nung bata tayo feeling natin ang
simple ng buhay ' ba kasi nung bata tayo
iniisip lang natin yung sarili natin na
yun lang yung nakikita natin which is
Wala namang masama don pero eventually
as we grow old ' ba nare-realize natin
na marami palang perspectives no' marami
paang approaches marami paang ways on
how to look at reality kaya ayan ' ba
mas naging complex yung buhay natin not
to mention naging complex din yyung
technology so baka tama din yyung mga
matatanda nung sinabi nilang simple yung
buhay non but still the point remains na
yyung complexity ng cognition ng isang
tao is Hindi yan nangyayari ng isang
biglaan lang may proseso na
pinagdadaanan yan and that is the main
contribution of John Pia J sa cognitive
development
Okay so Ayan ang pag-aralan natin kung
ano nga ba ang cognition and Paano to
nagde-deliver
thought na siguro and Huwag niyo ring
kalimutang mag-subscribe no so Maraming
maraming salamat din sa mga members na
sumusuporta sa ating channel directly So
kung gusto niyo ring suportahan yung
channel natin while also doing deep
dives no sa mga topics na pinag-uusapan
natin dito eh Pwede kayong mag-join no
mag-join sa tabi ng subscribe button
click niyo lang ung join no tapos ah
piliin niyo ung mga Tears na gusto
niyong salihan So kung ah nagpe-prepare
kayo for board exam ng psychometrician
yan malalaking tulong yung mga live
lectures and yung mga lectures na
in-depth talaga nating pinag-aaralan so
Ayun and with that Maraming maraming
salamat sa pakikinig and panonood kung
ano man yung ginawa niyo kung ginawa
niyo man ng podcast and I Will See you
next next week no for another topic
which is si Brown
basta y si basta yun Okay so yun muna sa
ngayon and Maraming maraming salamat and
as always enjoy learning
ba-bye hindi na ba
madilim Madilim kasi Last
Time
関連動画をさらに表示
Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development Explained!
Jean Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
Introduction to Developmental Psychology: Piaget’s Stages
Human Reasoning: Analyzing Piaget's and Kohlberg's Theories via the Heinz Dilemma #3
Formal operational stage - Intro to Psychology
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