MUSIC Grade 9 - Music of Renaissance Period (Part 2) - (1st Quarter MAPEH)

Summary

In this final lesson of the first quarter, the focus is on the music of the Medieval and Baroque periods. The Medieval era, marked by the fall of the Roman Empire, saw the rise of Gregorian chants, characterized by their monophonic nature and Latin liturgical basis. Composers like Adam de la Halle gained prominence during this time. Transitioning to the Baroque period, music became more ornate, with complex melodies and dynamic contrasts. Baroque music featured various genres, including operas, oratorios, and concertos, with famous composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, and George Frideric Handel leading the scene. Their works, like Bach's 'Mass in B Minor' and Handel's 'Messiah,' continue to resonate today.

Takeaways

• 🎵 The lesson continues the discussion from last week, focusing on the final modules of music, specifically covering the medieval and baroque periods.
• 🗝️ The medieval period, also known as the Middle Ages or Dark Ages, spanned from 700-1400 AD and was characterized by the fall of the Roman Empire and the significant influence of the Christian Church on European culture.
• 🎶 Pope Gregory I established Gregorian chant as the approved music of the Catholic Church, which is monophonic, has free meter, is based on Latin liturgy, and uses neume notation.
• 👨‍🎨 Adam de la Halle is noted as one of the oldest secular composers, known for his chansons and the musical play 'Jeu de Robin et Marion', which is the earliest surviving secular French play with music.
• 🎭 The baroque period, from 1685 to 1750, is derived from the Portuguese word 'barroco', meaning an irregular-shaped pearl, reflecting the era's emphasis on grandeur and elaborate ornamentation in the arts.
• 🎼 Baroque music is characterized by elaborate and ornamental melodies, primarily contrapuntal textures, dynamic contrast, and includes genres like operas, oratorios, suites, tocatas, concerto grosso, and fugue.
• 🎻 The concerto grosso is a form of orchestral music featuring a small group of solo instruments (concertino) and the full orchestra (tutti), exemplifying the interplay between the two groups.
• 🎵 The fugue is a contrapuntal piece developed through imitative counterpoint, showcasing the complexity and intricacy of baroque composition.
• 🌟 Johann Sebastian Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, and George Frideric Handel are among the most famous composers of the baroque period, known for their significant contributions to sacred and secular music.
• 📝 The lesson concludes with activities for students to complete based on the music modules 3 and 4, reinforcing the knowledge gained about the medieval and baroque periods.

Q & A

What is the time period of the medieval era in music history?

The medieval period in music history spans from the year 700 to 1400.

What is another name for the medieval period?

The medieval period is also known as the Middle Ages or the Dark Ages.

Who made Gregorian chant the approved music of the Catholic Church?

Pope Gregory the First made Gregorian chant the approved music of the Catholic Church.

What are the characteristics of Gregorian chants?

Gregorian chants are monophonic, have free meter, are usually based on Latin liturgy, and use neume notation.

Who is one of the oldest secular composers from the medieval period?

Adam de la Halle is one of the oldest secular composers from the medieval period.

What is the time period of the Baroque era in music history?

The Baroque era in music history spans from the year 1685 to 1750.

What does the word 'Baroque' mean in terms of art and music?

The word 'Baroque' is derived from the Portuguese word 'barroco', which means a pearl of irregular shape, and it signifies grandiose and elaborate ornamentation in the arts.

What are some of the musical characteristics of the Baroque period?

Baroque music is characterized by elaborate and ornamental melodies, primarily contrapuntal textures with some homophony, dynamic contrast, and includes various genres such as operas, oratorios, suites, tocatas, concerto grosso, and fugue.

What are the common keyboard instruments used in Baroque music?

The common keyboard instruments used in Baroque music are the harpsichord and the organ.

Which famous composer is known for his sacred music and compositions for organ, orchestra, and oratorio?

Johann Sebastian Bach is known for his sacred music and compositions for organ, orchestra, and oratorio.

What is Antonio Vivaldi's nickname and what is it derived from?

Antonio Vivaldi's nickname is 'Il Prete Rosso', which means 'The Red Priest', derived from his red hair.

What is George Frideric Handel's most famous composition?

George Frideric Handel's most famous composition is 'Messiah'.