ALL Engineering Majors & Careers Explained | 22 Types of Engineers
Summary
TLDRThis video script addresses the confusion surrounding the multitude of engineering disciplines by categorizing them into six primary types: mechanical, chemical, civil, electrical, software, and industrial engineering. It outlines the core aspects of each, including relevant courses and potential job roles post-graduation. Additionally, it connects specialized fields like mechatronics, aerospace, and biomedical engineering back to these foundational categories, clarifying how they are combinations or subsets. The script serves as a comprehensive guide for students navigating the vast landscape of engineering careers.
Takeaways
- 😀 Engineering has evolved from a few basic types to a vast array of disciplines, reflecting the growth of technology and new challenges.
- 🔧 The 'Big Six' engineering disciplines are Mechanical, Chemical, Civil, Electrical, Software, and Industrial, which form the foundation of all other engineering fields.
- ⚙️ Mechanical Engineering focuses on the design and optimization of products across various industries, including automotive and aerospace.
- 🧪 Chemical Engineering involves designing chemical processes and plants to produce materials like drugs and fertilizers, with a significant role in the petroleum industry.
- 💡 Electrical Engineering is about designing electronic hardware and systems, from small circuits to large-scale communications technology.
- 💻 Software Engineering deals with creating, testing, and evaluating software for computers and mobile devices, utilizing a variety of programming languages.
- 🏗 Civil Engineering is concerned with designing and managing large-scale public projects like roads, bridges, and buildings.
- 🏭 Industrial Engineering aims to optimize processes, systems, and organizations by considering various factors including people, money, and information flow.
- 🤖 Mechatronics Engineering combines Mechanical, Electrical, and Software Engineering, opening opportunities in robotics and autonomous vehicles.
- 🌱 Environmental Engineering tackles issues like wastewater management and pollution, aiming to create sustainable solutions for environmental challenges.
- 🚀 Aerospace and Automotive Engineering involve Mechanical, Electrical, or Software Engineers working on specific aspects of aircraft and vehicles.
Q & A
What are the six main categories of engineering referred to as the 'big six'?
-The 'big six' categories of engineering are Mechanical, Chemical, Civil, Electrical, Software, and Industrial engineering.
What is the role of a mechanical engineer in designing a laptop?
-A mechanical engineer in designing a laptop would be responsible for designing the chassis, selecting materials for optimal heat dissipation, weight, strength, and durability, as well as analyzing mechanical stresses within the assembly.
Which courses are typically included in a mechanical engineering curriculum?
-Courses in a mechanical engineering curriculum may include Statics, Dynamics, Photo Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Design, Manufacturing Processes, and learning a common programming language such as MATLAB.
What types of jobs can a chemical engineer expect to apply for?
-A chemical engineer can apply for jobs such as Process Engineer, developing and optimizing processes using energy to convert raw materials into usable products, or a Solid State Cell Chemistry Engineer, designing fabrication methods for electric vehicle batteries.
What is the primary focus of electrical engineering?
-Electrical engineering focuses on designing all the electronics hardware such as wiring, circuitry, and communications technology used in devices that utilize electricity.
What are some job positions a graduate with a degree in software engineering might pursue?
-Job positions for software engineering graduates include Software Engineer, developing software for operating systems, apps, games, and APIs; Web Developer, focusing on front-end or back-end development; and roles involving the creation of software for specific industries or applications.
How does civil engineering differ from architectural engineering?
-Civil engineering oversees large-scale infrastructure projects, including roads, bridges, dams, buildings, airports, and railways, while architectural engineering is a subset of civil engineering, focusing specifically on the planning, designing, and constructing of buildings.
What is the role of an industrial engineer in a manufacturing context?
-An industrial engineer in manufacturing focuses on developing strategies to improve production lines, reduce waste, and achieve maximum efficiency using tools like Six Sigma, Kanban, and Lean Manufacturing.
What is mechatronics engineering and how does it relate to the 'big six'?
-Mechatronics engineering is a combination of mechanical, electrical, and software engineering. It allows individuals to work on interdisciplinary projects such as robotics, prosthetic limbs, and autonomous vehicles, making use of knowledge from any of the three disciplines.
What is the difference between a petroleum engineer and an engineer working in the oil and gas industry with a degree in mechanical, chemical, or electrical engineering?
-A petroleum engineer specifically works on subsurface operations like exploration, drilling, and reservoir management, requiring a degree in petroleum engineering. In contrast, engineers with degrees in mechanical, chemical, or electrical engineering can work in surface operations like transportation or conversion of crude oil to gasoline without needing a petroleum engineering degree.
How does materials engineering stand out from the 'big six' categories of engineering?
-Materials engineering is distinct from the 'big six' as it focuses on the development of new materials such as piezoelectrics and shape memory alloys. While it doesn't fit into any of the six categories, mechanical and chemical engineering majors often take material science courses, and one can work in this field with a degree in either of those disciplines.
Outlines
🔧 Overview of Engineering Disciplines
The speaker begins by addressing the confusion among engineering students regarding the choice of engineering major and the differences between various engineering fields. Historically, there were few types of engineering, but with technological advancements, the field has expanded significantly. The speaker, an experienced mechanical engineer, aims to explain the 22 types of engineering, focusing on the 'big six': mechanical, chemical, civil, electrical, software, and industrial engineering. These six categories encompass most engineering disciplines, with other types being combinations or subsets of these main areas. The speaker promises to discuss each category's essence, relevant courses, and potential job opportunities post-graduation.
🏗️ Engineering Roles and Job Prospects
This section delves into the specifics of mechanical, chemical, electrical, and software engineering. Mechanical engineers are involved in designing and optimizing products across industries, with courses like statics, dynamics, and thermodynamics. Job roles include product design and aerodynamics engineering. Chemical engineers focus on chemical processes and plant design, with job opportunities in the petroleum and food industries. Electrical engineers design electronic hardware and take courses in electromagnetic systems and circuits. Software engineers develop software for various platforms, with classes in programming and data structures. Civil engineers manage infrastructure projects, taking courses in mechanics and structural design. Industrial engineers optimize processes and systems, with studies in operations modeling and data processing. The speaker also introduces mechatronics, computer, and systems engineering as combinations of the primary disciplines.
🚀 Specialized Engineering Fields
The speaker continues by discussing specialized fields such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical, petroleum, architectural, nuclear, construction, agricultural, marine, materials, manufacturing, and financial engineering. Each field has its unique focus, such as aerospace and automotive on vehicle design, biomedical on medical device development, and petroleum on oil extraction. Some fields like architectural and nuclear engineering require specific degrees, while others like marine and materials engineering can be entered with degrees from broader disciplines. The speaker emphasizes the versatility of engineering degrees and the potential for cross-disciplinary work.
🎓 Conclusion and Encouragement
In the final paragraph, the speaker summarizes the vast array of engineering disciplines and encourages viewers who are considering an engineering career to find the video helpful. The speaker acknowledges the complexity of choosing an engineering path but hopes to have provided clarity. The video concludes with a call to action for viewers to subscribe for more content, indicating the speaker's intent to continue providing informative videos on engineering topics.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Mechanical Engineering
💡Chemical Engineering
💡Electrical Engineering
💡Software Engineering
💡Civil Engineering
💡Industrial Engineering
💡Mechatronics Engineering
💡Computer Engineering
💡Systems Engineering
💡Environmental Engineering
💡Aerospace Engineering
Highlights
The speaker clarifies the confusion around the multitude of engineering disciplines and introduces the concept of 'Big Six' engineering fields.
Mechanical engineering is described, focusing on the design, build, analyze, and optimize products across various industries.
Chemical engineering is detailed, emphasizing work in labs and production plants to create materials like fertilizers and drugs.
Electrical engineering is outlined, including the design of electronics hardware and the necessary courses such as electromagnetic systems.
Software engineering is explained, focusing on the design, test, and evaluation of software for various computing platforms.
Civil engineering is discussed, highlighting the design and management of large-scale public projects like roads and bridges.
Industrial engineering is defined, covering the holistic optimization of processes, systems, and organizations.
The relationship between the 'Big Six' and other specialized engineering fields is explored.
Mechatronics engineering is introduced as a combination of mechanical, electrical, and software engineering.
Computer engineering is presented as a mix between software and electrical engineering, suitable for those undecided between the two.
Systems engineering is described, traditionally involving the building, analyzing, and managing of complex systems.
Environmental engineering is mentioned, focusing on solutions to manage wastewater and alleviate pollution.
Aerospace and automotive engineering are discussed, noting their focus on different aspects of airplanes and cars.
Biomedical engineering is explained, with possibilities for mechanical, electrical, or software engineers to work in the field.
Petroleum engineering is defined, involving the extraction of crude oil and natural gas and conversion to various fuels.
Architectural engineering is described as a subset of civil engineering, focusing on the planning, design, and construction of buildings.
Nuclear engineering is outlined, focusing on the design of reactors and power plants using nuclear fission and fusion.
Construction engineering is detailed, emphasizing on-site management and implementation in civil engineering projects.
Agricultural engineering is introduced, focusing on improving power supplies, farming machinery, and solving agricultural problems.
Marine engineering is discussed, involving the design and engineering of boats, ships, submarines, and offshore structures.
Materials engineering is explained as a distinct field, separate from mechanical and chemical engineering, focusing on the development of new materials.
Manufacturing engineering is defined as a subset of industrial engineering, combining mechanical and chemical engineering elements.
Financial engineering is introduced as a unique field leveraging software engineering knowledge and financial theory.
The video concludes with a summary of all the engineering types discussed and a call to action for viewers to subscribe for more content.
Transcripts
happy 2022 everyone i've recently been
hearing from an overwhelming number of
engineering students myself included
asking questions like is it better to
major in mechanical or chemical
engineering or what's the difference
between industrial and manufacturing
engineering and honestly we have a legit
reason to be confused let's say we could
travel back 200 years into the past i
could probably count all the different
types of engineering with just one hand
but with the passage of time comes new
technologies and problems and as a
result there's like a bajillion types of
engineering out there today including
mechanical civil chemical software
industrial aerospace petroleum etc so as
someone who got his bachelor's and
master's degree in engineering and
someone who has worked as a mechanical
engineering industry for several years
now i've gotten the opportunity to
interact with all different kinds of
engineers and engineering programs out
there so i'll attempt to explain all 22
types of engineering in this video
universities and companies like to give
us the impression that there's so many
different types of engineering out there
with their fancy programs and job titles
but in the end it all boils down to only
six which i like to call the big six
mechanical chemical civil electrical
software and industrial all the other
types of engineering that you've heard
is either a combination of two or more
of these disciplines or a smaller
subsection of one of them first i'll
walk through each of the six categories
i'll talk about what it actually is the
courses you can expect to take and what
kind of jobs you can expect to get with
the degree after graduation afterwards
i'll clarify how all the other types of
engineering relate to the big six let's
start off with mechanical engineering
mechanical engineers design build
analyze and optimize products in
virtually every industry including but
not limited to automotive aerospace
medical electronics and defense take
this laptop for instance a group of
mechanical engineers probably spent at
least a year designing the chassis and
selecting the right material for the
optimal heat dissipation weight strength
and durability as well as analyzing the
mechanical stresses within the overall
assembly before it was finally produced
and sold some courses you will take
include statics dynamics photo mechanics
thermodynamics mechanics of materials
mechanical design manufacturing
processes and a common programming
language such as matlab some positions
that you can apply for with a mechanical
engineering degree include product
design engineer whose role is to for
example design the housing of an iphone
to make sure that it's manufacturable
using computer aided design tools and to
conduct failure analysis to make sure
that it doesn't break when dropped onto
a hard surface second we have
aerodynamics engineer whose function is
to design analyze the aerodynamic and
thermodynamic performance of airplanes
to improve fuel efficiency or even
reduce manufacturing costs third we have
a manufacturing engineer who is a
subject matter expert at various
manufacturing processes and equipment
safe for a tesla model 3 and how to
efficiently and cost effectively produce
250 000 vehicles in three months next on
the list is chemical engineering
chemical engineers will work in a lab
but most likely a production plant to
design the plant itself or the chemical
processes used to make materials such as
fertilizers and drugs they can work for
many industries including the petroleum
industry for places like exxon mobil and
shell to accelerate the destruction of
planet earth as well as the food
industry for places like coca-cola and
tyson chemical engineers have to take a
lot of chemistry courses including
organic and organic and biochemistry as
well as thermodynamics separation
processes chemical kinetics and reactor
design some positions that you can apply
for with a mechanical engineering degree
include process and chemical engineering
who develops and optimizes processes
that uses energy to convert raw
materials into usable products such as
producing synthetic rubbers using
petroleum hydrocarbons and coal another
position could be solid state cell
chemistry engineer who designs scalable
fabrication methods and participates in
the sizing process for electric vehicle
batteries next is electrical engineering
electrical engineers design all the
electronics hardware such as the wiring
circuitry and communications technology
and basically anything that uses
electricity such as an iphone a stepper
motor or engine control unit of a car
some of the courses you'll have to take
if you decide to study electrical
engineering include electromagnetic
systems circuits entropy electronics and
large design as well as signals and
systems now there's a huge selection of
jobs you can expect to get with the
electrical engineering degree after
graduation first is hardware engineering
where you design test and debug
electrical components and circuits for
production that go into any electrical
device second is pcb designer where you
design pcbs and study pcb design trends
as well as manufacturing processes and
evaluate things like cost packaging
manufacturing and system performance
third is embedded software or firmware
engineer where you get to essentially
write code and algorithms that tell the
device how to behave so you get to work
with both software and hardware next
let's talk about software engineering
software engineers design test and
evaluate software for computers and
mobile devices such as android and ios
apps operating systems and even web
pages using various program languages
such as c c plus plus go java and python
classes you can expect to take include
programming with languages such as c and
object oriented programming starting
with c plus and its starter languages
you should also expect to take
algorithms software design advanced data
structures and intro to operating
systems some of the jobs you can expect
to get include obviously a software
engineer where you develop software for
operating systems apps games and apis
second is web developer which includes
front and back end developers as a
front-end developer you'll create and
maintain all the code that controls the
visual elements of a website and as a
back-end developer you'll focus more on
the server side of the website or the
site that users can't see a civil
engineer designs and manages large-scale
projects in the public sector including
roads bridges dams buildings airports
and railways as a civil engineering
major you can expect to take statics and
dynamics flow mechanics mechanics and
materials solid mechanics structural
design and the design the mechanics of
concrete structures the positions you
can expect to get with a civil
engineering degree include obviously a
civil engineer where you oversee
large-scale infrastructure projects from
design all the way to construction
second is structural engineer where you
will use math and physics to determine
the safest and most functional way to
design a bridge or building and what
materials will make the structure robust
for an indefinite period of time third
is water resources engineer where you
will create infrastructure used to
channel clean drinking water to cities
and homes and create underground wells
for water collection industrial
engineers design and optimize processes
systems and organizations holistically
including people money knowledge flow of
information and equipment and they can
work in hospitals manufacturing plants
banks consulting firms etc courses you
can expect to take as an industrial
engineering major include operations
modeling ergonomics optimal methods
mark-up processes data processing and
discrete event simulation with the
industrial engineering degree you can
expect to get a lot of different
positions versus industrial engineer
where you develop a lot of strategies to
improve say a production line and to
reduce waste to achieve max efficiency
using six sigma kanban lean
manufacturing and other tools second is
process improvement engineering where
you might find ways to shorten queue
times at a bank and find ways to improve
the customer experience and third is
supply chain analysts where you take
data and reports from each stage of the
supply chain to minimize transportation
time and cost from point a to point b
now that you have a better sense of what
the six overarching categories of
engineering are you're probably still
wondering about the other five gazillion
types of engineering out there so let's
state your curiosity and talk about them
let's start off with mechatronics
engineering the name itself is literally
mechanical plus electrical and for that
reason it's a combination of mechanical
electrical and software engineering and
you can get a position related to any of
these three disciplines it opens up the
door to many new opportunities and
allows you to work on things like
robotics prosthetic limbs and autonomous
vehicles then there's computer
engineering which is a mix between
software and electrical engineering so
if you're undecided between the two and
you know that mechanical engineering is
not for you then this is probably a good
option for you to consider next we have
systems engineering which is
traditionally building analyzing and
managing any system via electrical
mechanical chemical biological or one
involving business processes and
logistics technically speaking both
mechatronics and computer engineering
are both subsets of system engineering
because they combine two or more types
of engineering to build a system with
multiple interacting components so the
opportunities are endless in terms of
what you get to work on but many of the
systems engineering jobs today are a mix
of computer and mechatronics engineering
based on what i've seen some examples
include building models for
communication computer and sensor
networks or developing quantitative
stock selection models that are used to
pick high performing stocks for clients
as environmental engineer you will come
up with solutions to manage wastewater
alleviate pollution and solve issues
related to recycling and waste disposal
now let's talk aerospace and automotive
engineering these are very interesting
because both automotive and aerospace
engineers are either mechanical
electrical or software engineers that
work on different areas of airplanes and
cars respectively for example you could
design a body and white of a car as a
mechanical engineer or design a
circuitry that allows the gasoline
engine to charge the battery or the
circuitry that allows a battery to
distribute electricity to the electric
motors in the electric vehicle as a
electrical engineer or develop the
software of the autopilot system that
controls how an autonomous vehicle makes
driving decisions the same goes for
biomedical engineering you can become a
biomedical engineer with a mechanical
electrical or software engineering
degree without getting a specific
biomedical engineering degree depending
on the area you're working in for
example you could design the external
housing of a pacemaker that protects the
batteries and electrical components as a
mechanical engineer or you can work on a
circuitry that contains the leads and
pulse generator as an electrical
engineer or you can program the logic
that drives the device as a software
engineer however if you want to get into
areas like genetic and tissue
engineering getting a biomedical
engineering degree is probably a smart
move to make petroleum engineers work in
the oil and gas industry to design
methods of extracting crude oil and
natural gas from below the earth's
surface and finding ways of converting
them to gasoline jet fuel and other
types of fuels you don't necessarily
need a petroleum engineering degree to
become a petroleum engineer and you can
still work in the industry with a
mechanical chemical or electrical
engineering degree if you're interested
in surface operations like transporting
or converting crude oil to gasoline
however if you're more interested in
subsurface operations like exploration
drilling and reservoir management a
petroleum engineering degree is
definitely required architectural
engineering is a subset of civil
engineering and deals with planning
designing and constructing specifically
buildings generally a civil engineer
oversees the overall project of several
structures whereas an architectural
engineer will focus on the design and
construction of a single building 99.9
of the time i always recommend sticking
with civil engineering which is
definitely more popular and gives you
way more flexibility in terms of the
projects you can work on nuclear
engineering falls under chemical
engineering and as a nuclear engineer
you will design reactors power plants
weapons and instruments leveraging
nuclear fission and fusion you'll
generally need a masters or phd degree
in nuclear science or engineering to
work in this specialized area
construction engineering is a specialty
of civil engineering and like civil
engineers construction engineers work on
bridges buildings and roads civil
engineers generally focus more on the
design aspect of infrastructure while
construction engineers focus more on
on-site management and implementation of
the plans done by the civil engineer
agricultural engineers design and
improve power supplies farming machinery
facilities structures and solutions to
solve agricultural problems for example
you might modify environmental factors
affecting crop or animal production such
as airflow in a barn or runoff patterns
on a field you can become an
agricultural engineer by getting a
biological or agricultural engineering
degree but that isn't necessary and you
can still work in the industry with a
mechanical electrical software or
chemical engineering degree for example
a software engineer might develop
software that integrates ai to improve
the efficiency of fertilizer application
next as a marine engineer you will
design and engineer boats ships
submarines and offshore structures using
either your mechanical software or
electrical engineering knowledge for
example a software engineer might
develop and install software for mission
critical systems while mechanical
engineer would analyze the stresses and
the hydrodynamic performance of the
submarine's propeller moving on to
materials engineering this one is
interesting because it doesn't fit into
any of the six categories of engineering
although mechanical and chemical
engineering majors take material science
it doesn't fall into either of the two
types of engineering beginning in the
1940s materials engineering became
widely recognized as a distinct field of
science and engineering and many
universities began creating dedicated
schools just for its study with that
being said you can still without
question work in this niche field with
the mechanical or chemical engineering
degree to develop new materials such as
piezoelectrics and shape memory alloys
the second last type of engineering
we'll talk about is
manufacturing engineering which is a
subset of industrial engineering that
combines some elements of mechanical and
chemical engineering to add value to raw
materials by turning them into saleable
goods and products using computers and
lean six sigma tools such as value
stream mapping you can become a
manufacturing engineer with either a
mechanical or industrial engineering
degree
last but not least is financial
engineering yes believe it or not this
is a thing and many universities like
columbia and princeton offer a degree in
financial engineering this one is an odd
duck because it doesn't fit into any of
the six categories of engineering
however it does leverage software
engineering knowledge such as
programming and financial theory and
math to develop new investment tools
trading strategies and financial models
but i'm going to be brutally honest
financial engineers aren't actual
engineers and they're essentially just
quantitative analysts or applied
mathematicians but that's it this is
every type of engineering out there
explained and if you're currently
deciding on which engineering program to
get into or thinking about becoming one
of these types of engineers i hope you
found this video helpful thank you so
much for watching please don't forget to
smash the subscribe and hit the bell
icon for more videos like this and i'll
see you in the next one
peace
[Music]
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