William Golding: A 12 Minute Biography

Jeshua D. Noel
23 May 202012:56

Summary

TLDRWilliam Golding, autor y figura cultural, es conocido por explorar la naturaleza humana en sus obras, destacando la dualidad entre la razón y la bestialidad. Nacido en 1911, su vida fue marcada por la indiferencia familiar y visiones alucinatorias que influyeron en su filosofía. Sus novelas, como 'Lord of the Flies', reflejan su visión de la condición humana y han sido fundamentales en la literatura moderna, ganando el Premio Booker y el Premio Nobel de Literatura.

Takeaways

  • 🎓 William Golding es reconocido como un filósofo y maestro de la alegoría, destacando la naturaleza dual del ser humano.
  • 👶 Nacido en 1911, Golding enfrentó abuso y negligencia en su infancia, lo que influyó en su visión crítica de la humanidad.
  • 🌌 Experimentó alucinaciones tempranas que moldearon su desarrollo cognitivo y conceptos metafísicos.
  • 📚 Sus experiencias personales y su vida familiar influyeron profundamente en su obra literaria.
  • 📖 'Lord of the Flies', una de sus obras más conocidas, refleja la naturaleza salvaje y caótica del ser humano cuando se enfrenta a situaciones extremas.
  • 🌊 Golding vivió una vida de conflicto interno, enfrentando sentimientos de culpa y autocompasión a lo largo de su vida.
  • 🏆 Recibió el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1983, un reconocimiento a su contribución a la literatura universal.
  • 🌐 Sus novelas exploran temas como la vanidad, la crueldad y la búsqueda de la verdad, reflejando su visión pesimista de la condición humana.
  • 📚 'El heredero', su otra obra importante, contrasta la vida de un clan de Neandertales con la de un grupo de Homo sapiens canníbales.
  • 🔍 Golding se interesó por la evolución humana y la naturaleza intrínseca del mal, temas que exploró en varias de sus novelas.

Q & A

  • ¿Quién es William Golding y qué representa en la literatura?

    -William Golding es un autor y figura cultural que representa una perspectiva fundamental sobre la naturaleza humana desde la visión occidental de la juventud. Como filósofo y maestro de la alegoría, Golding recuerda a los lectores sobre las posibles y primitivas imperfecciones del ser humano como un ser racional y animal egoísta.

  • ¿Cómo describirían la personalidad de Golding según el guion?

    -Como persona, Golding se describe como un espíritu turbulento y vivo, manifestando una dicotomía presente desde su nacimiento y posiblemente experimentada por todos en cierto grado. Profesionalmente, es descrito como audaz, paciente y ambicioso, lo que lo llevó a grandes alturas y a ocasionales frivolidades, manteniendo una profunda autoconciencia y humildad significativa.

  • ¿Qué tipo de abuso y negligencia sufrió Golding en su infancia?

    -Durante su infancia, Golding sufrió abuso y negligencia, con padres que no eran especialmente afectuosos. Su madre, en particular, solo lo tocaba para lastimarlo, prefiriendo objetos improvisados a los abrazos y besos que caracterizan las relaciones familiares saludables.

  • ¿Cómo influyó la infancia de Golding en su desarrollo cognitivo y sus conceptos metafísicos?

    -La infancia de Golding, marcada por alucinaciones vívidas que él consideraba de gran significado cósmico, influyó en su desarrollo cognitivo y sus conceptos metafísicos. Su madre tenía un interés en lo sobrenatural, lo que contrastaba con el racionalismo ateo de su padre, formando parte de las aberraciones que podrían haber contribuido a sus visiones.

  • ¿Cuál fue la experiencia más memorable de Golding en su juventud y cómo se relaciona con su obra?

    -Una de las alucinaciones más memorables de Golding fue la de un pequeño gallo blanco que emitía amabilidad y luego desapareció, llevando consigo esa amabilidad. Esta y otras experiencias similares se reflejan en su obra, donde se exploran temas de aislamiento y significado en eventos y seres.

  • ¿Cómo se relaciona la vida personal de Golding con sus obras literarias?

    -La vida personal de Golding, con sus experiencias traumáticas y su confrontación con la oscuridad de la humanidad en la guerra, no solo informó sus obras sino que a veces las construyó, con instancias de personalidades y situaciones que reflejan su vida real.

  • ¿Cuál fue la experiencia de Golding durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y cómo influyó en su obra?

    -Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Golding se alistó en la Royal Navy y aprendió que podía pensar claramente y actuar con valentía incluso cuando estaba aterrorizado. Se hizo cargo de su propia crueldad y descubrió la condición del hombre como una creación moralmente enferma, lo que estableció los cimientos para sus principios morales y se reflejó en sus obras posteriores.

  • ¿Cuál fue el rechazo inicial que Golding enfrentó con su novela 'Lord of the Flies'?

    -La novela 'Lord of the Flies' fue rechazada por 15 o posiblemente 21 editores antes de ser publicada. La historia trata sobre un grupo de niños varados en una isla que deben construir su propia sociedad, con divisiones, errores y muertes, reflejando la creencia de Golding sobre la naturaleza de la humanidad en circunstancias extremas.

  • ¿Cómo se describe el estilo narrativo de 'Lord of the Flies' y cuál es su mensaje principal?

    -El estilo narrativo de 'Lord of the Flies' es mitopoeético y surreal, con escenas presentadas con un tono vívido y surreal. El mensaje principal es trazar la conexión entre la naturaleza enferma del hombre y el desorden internacional en el que se ve envuelto.

  • ¿Qué otros temas y estilos literarios exploró Golding en sus otras obras después de 'Lord of the Flies'?

    -En sus obras posteriores, Golding exploró temas como la vanidad humana, la determinación y la inteligencia racional, y la confrontación entre inspiración divina e inteligencia racional. Sus estilos narrativos variaron desde la aventura de supervivencia hasta la búsqueda de verdad cósmica, manteniendo una carga filosófica considerable en sus temas.

  • ¿Cómo fue la recepción crítica y académica de las obras de Golding a lo largo de su carrera?

    -La recepción crítica de las obras de Golding fluctuó, con 'Lord of the Flies' y 'The Inheritors' bien recibidos, pero otras novelas como 'Free Fall' y 'The Spire' recibieron críticas negativas. Sin embargo, más tarde en su carrera, sus novelas 'Rites of Passage', 'Darkness Visible' y 'The Double Tongue' fueron bien recibidas, y Golding recibió el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1983.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Vida y obra de William Golding

William Golding, nacido en 1911, es un autor y figura cultural que representa la visión occidental sobre la naturaleza humana. A través de sus obras, Golding explora las potenciales imperfecciones primitivas del ser humano como un ser racional y autocentrado. Su vida personal, marcada por la indiferencia y el abuso en su infancia, influyó en su desarrollo cognitivo y en su visión metafísica. Golding vivió una dualidad desde su nacimiento, lo que se refleja en su obra. Sus experiencias, incluyendo el abuso y la negligencia en su hogar y la división social en su educación, le permitieron construir personajes y situaciones en sus novelas que reflejan su vida. Golding es conocido por su habilidad para crear alegoría, lo que se debe a su comprensión de sus propias experiencias y la vida en general como llenas de significado y alegoría.

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🌊 La influencia de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en Golding

Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Golding sirvió en la Royal Navy y sus experiencias en la guerra le mostraron una nueva dimensión de la crueldad humana. Esto lo llevó a ver al ser humano como una criatura moralmente enferma. Después de la guerra, Golding regresó a la enseñanza y escribió varias obras, entre ellas 'Lord of the Flies', que fue rechazada inicialmente por varios editores pero que eventualmente se convirtió en un clásico. La novela explora la naturaleza del ser humano al mostrar a un grupo de niños en una isla y cómo su sociedad se deteriora. Golding también escribió 'The Inheritors', que trata sobre un clan de Neanderthals enfrentándose a Homo sapiens, y utiliza esta historia para reflexionar sobre el mal inherente a la humanidad. Sus obras posteriores, como 'Pincher Martin' y 'Free Fall', continúan explorando temas de aislamiento y búsqueda de verdad.

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🏆 Reconocimiento y legado de Golding

A pesar de las diversas reacciones críticas a lo largo de su carrera, Golding ganó el Premio Booker en 1981 por 'Rites of Passage' y el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1983. Sus obras, que abordan temas oscuros y filosóficos, han sido bien recibidas y han influido en la literatura y la academia. Golding murió en 1993, dejando un legado literario que sigue siendo estudiado y admirado. A pesar de sus logros, Golding luchó internamente con culpa y autocompasión, lo que refleja la complejidad de su exploración de la naturaleza humana y la posibilidad de la bestia en el ser humano.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡William Golding

William Golding es un autor y figura cultural británico, conocido principalmente por su obra 'Lord of the Flies'. En el guion, Golding se presenta como un filósofo y maestro de la alegoría, explorando la naturaleza humana y los defectos primarios del ser humano. Su vida y experiencias personales influyeron profundamente en su obra, creando una narrativa rica en simbolismo y crítica social.

💡Lord of the Flies

Es una de las obras más representativas de Golding y un punto central en el guion. La novela explora la naturaleza humana en un escenario de supervivencia, donde un grupo de niños se ve obligado a crear su propia sociedad en una isla desierta. Este libro es un reflejo de la visión de Golding sobre la tendencia intrínseca del hombre hacia la violencia y el caos.

💡Alegoría

La alegoría es un término clave en el guion, ya que Golding utiliza este método literario para transmitir mensajes más profundos sobre la condición humana. A través de la alegoría, Golding no solo cuenta historias, sino que también crea una conexión simbólica entre los eventos ficticios y la realidad humana.

💡Naturaleza humana

Este concepto es fundamental en la obra de Golding y se discute extensamente en el guion. Golding ve la naturaleza humana como una combinación de racionalidad y bestialidad, lo que se refleja en sus personajes y trama. La naturaleza humana en sus obras se presenta como una lucha interna entre la civilidad y la barbarie.

💡Supernatural

El interés de Golding por lo sobrenatural se menciona en el guion como una influencia en su vida y obra. La fascinación por lo inexplicable y lo espiritual se entretejen en sus narrativas, aportando una dimensión mística y una exploración de lo divino en la condición humana.

💡Educación

La educación es un tema recurrente en la vida y en la obra de Golding, como se describe en el guion. Su experiencia como educador y su formación en un colegio de élite ingles le permitieron observar y reflexionar sobre la división social, la rebeldía y la conformidad, elementos que luego incorporó en sus novelas.

💡Guerra

La Segunda Guerra Mundial y su servicio en la Royal Navy tuvieron un impacto significativo en la visión de Golding sobre la crueldad y la moralidad humana. Estas experiencias se reflejan en su obra, donde la guerra sirve como un microcosmos de la lucha interna del ser humano y su capacidad para el mal.

💡Isolamiento

El aislamiento es un tema clave en varias de las obras de Golding, como se menciona en el guion. A menudo, sus personajes se encuentran en situaciones de aislamiento, lo que les permite explorar su identidad y la naturaleza humana sin las ataduras de la sociedad, lo que a menudo lleva a conflictos y revelaciones profundas.

💡Misterio

El misterio es una característica prominente en la literatura de Golding, donde a menudo se plantean preguntas más que respuestas definitivas. En el guion, se sugiere que Golding buscaba respuestas a sus preguntas filosóficas y existencialistas a través de su escritura, creando una atmósfera de incertidumbre y reflexión en sus lectores.

💡Literatura

La literatura es el medio a través del cual Golding expresa sus ideas y teorías. En el guion, se destaca su habilidad para crear narrativas que desafían y cuestionan la percepción del lector sobre la naturaleza humana y la sociedad. Su obra ha dejado un legado duradero en el mundo literario y académico.

Highlights

William Golding es un representante emblemático de la visión occidental sobre la naturaleza humana.

Como filósofo y maestro de la alegoría, Golding resalta las imperfecciones primitivas del ser humano.

Golding experimenta una dicotomía desde su nacimiento, manifestándose en su espíritu como un ser en conflicto.

Profesionalmente, Golding es audaz, paciente y ambicioso, logrando grandes alturas a pesar de su autoconciencia y humildad.

Nació en 1911 y su infancia fue marcada por el abuso y la negligencia, lo que influyó en su desarrollo cognitivo.

Las alucinaciones vividas de Golding en su juventud podrían haber influido en su obra literaria.

Golding es conocido por su habilidad para crear alusiones a su propia vida en sus obras.

Su experiencia en la Marina Real durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial moldeó sus principios morales y visión de la crueldad humana.

Cuando Lord of the Flies fue publicado, se convirtió en un manifiesto de la juventud occidental y fue requerido en muchas escuelas.

El mensaje de Lord of the Flies refleja la naturaleza intrínsecamente dolosa del ser humano y su tendencia al caos.

El siguiente libro de Golding, The Inheritors, explora temas similares pero con una narrativa diferente y se considera una de sus mejores obras.

Pincher Martin y Free Fall muestran la lucha de Golding por romper la aislación temática de sus obras anteriores.

El Spire y Double Tongue son ejemplos de la continuidad de temas oscuros y filosóficos en la obra de Golding.

A lo largo de su carrera, Golding recibió críticas variadas, pero algunos de sus libros más tardes ganaron el reconocimiento de críticos y académicos.

Golding falleció en 1993, dejando un legado literario que sigue siendo estudiado y discutido.

La exploración de Golding sobre la naturaleza humana y la posibilidad animal es profunda y única en la literatura.

Transcripts

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as an author and cultural figure William

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Golding is a flagship representative of

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a fundamental ship in the perspective of

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Western youth on human nature as a

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philosopher and master of allegory he

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reminds readers of the potential indeed

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primeval shortcomings of man as a

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rational being in a self-centered animal

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as a man he is a troubled and a lively

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spirit the manifestation of a dichotomy

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present since his birth and perhaps

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experienced by all to some degree that

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was specially posin in his own psyche as

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a professional he is bold patient and

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aspirational a combination which led him

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to great heights and occasional

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frivolity while maintaining a deep

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self-awareness

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and significant humility born in 1911 to

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two impoverished educators Golding found

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himself at a young age with his feet in

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two different worlds according to his

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close friend and biographer John Kerry

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as chronicled in Peter greens review of

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Carey's William Golding the man who

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wrote Lord of the Flies Golding suffered

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abuse and neglect throughout his

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childhood neither parents were

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especially affectionate and his mother

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in particular would touch Colton only to

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harm him preferring makeshift

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projectiles to the hugs and kisses that

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inform the sentimentality of those with

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comprehensively healthy familial

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relationships correlative Leigh Golding

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experienced vivid hallucinations in his

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early youth the most memorable of which

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he appears to have perceived as

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cosmically significant their influence

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on his cognitive development and

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metaphysical concepts are not to be

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doubted

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however radical Goulding's own

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suggestions of the reality may seem

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these aberrations themselves are likely

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to have been formed in part due to

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Goulding's mother's interest in the

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supernatural which contrasted heavily

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with his father's atheistic rationalism

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I'll put a link in the description below

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to an article that talks a lot more

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about that Goulding's most memorable

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visions as he would likely have

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preferred to called them hold

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similarities in context and significance

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the earliest of these that he recalls is

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carries William the earliest of these

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that he recalls and carries William

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Golding the man who wrote Lord of the

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Flies again as chronicled in greens

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review is of a small white cockerel

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head-bobbing emanating utter

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friendliness then it vanished and the

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friendliness went with it the second

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instance described in the same passage

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as

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Stagg emanating into Golding deeply

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representative of indifference if it is

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the application of meaning to events

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beings and operations that in fact

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brings meaning itself into creation

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Golding must be considered impressively

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philosophically productive as will be

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discussed as will be discussed onwards

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in a survey of his most conventionally

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important and excellent works and as

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noted above Golding is a master of

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allegory this stems not from or not only

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from deep literary study nor from an

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overarching interest in the mythological

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psychological or theological concepts

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driving humanity toward meaning and

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sacrifice but rather from an

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understanding of his own experiences and

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those of the world at large as deeply

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meaningful and indeed allegorical when

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familiar with the documented events of

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Goulding's life it will become apparent

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to readers that his references

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throughout his works to his own

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experiences extend beyond the earliest

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in the most surreal Goulding's life not

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only informed his works but at times

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constructed them with thinly veiled

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instances of mirrored personalities in

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situations scattered throughout thus it

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is of special significance for those

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interested in the analysis of Goulding's

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writing to become familiar with his

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personal life here I will provide the

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most necessary of the details follow

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these with a survey of his novels while

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occasionally harkening back to his

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personal influences and conclude with a

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more comprehensive discussion of how

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these same experiences came to shape his

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worldviews political leanings and base

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level understandings of humanity nearly

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is influential though in different ways

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as his family life was Goulding's

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experienced as a student in Marlborough

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College the seed of division planted

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early in Goulding's childhood took new

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form as he came to recognize with

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melancholy the social gap between his

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family and those of his classmates and

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schoolmasters if home was a prison as

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Golding has described it malboro was

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merely the courtyard in rebellion

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Golding turned to drinking sport and

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ravenous pursuits of lust and festivity

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each of his three major romantic

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interests would appear reconstructed in

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his later novels the first of these Dora

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Spencer was ashamed of the lifestyle she

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and Golding shared the second

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Evans in a kind of reversal of roles

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Golding would come to guiltily regret

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abandoning for the rest of his life the

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third and Brookfield would become his

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wife

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after his schooling and following a

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brief career ironically as a

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schoolmaster Golding enlisted in the

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Royal Navy World War two was in full

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swing and Golding himself was swimming

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far from the mental framework in which

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he began of himself he learned that he

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could think clearly and act courageously

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even when terrified and it's his own

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words of man at large he became

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acquainted with a cruelty previously

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unknown to himself at least outside of

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himself Golding came to see man as a

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monster in himself as the worst of all

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he discovered with great despair that

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the condition of man was to be a morally

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diseased creation again in his own words

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nonetheless it was Goulding's wartime

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experiences that laid the foundation for

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his moral principles during this time he

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produced a memoir never to see

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publication in which he explores the

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depths of his personality the most

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shadow ridden corners of his temperament

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and does so with a grimace of anguish

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and regret following his service in the

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Navy Golding returned to teaching during

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this time he completed three manuscripts

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the first two were sailboats centered

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adventure stories the third was

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essentially a fictionalized version of

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what life might have been like had

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Golding married Molly

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all three were written during breaks

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while Golding taught to provide for his

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new family with Anne and all three were

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rejected by publishers most significant

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in regards to his literary career here

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lies the origin of the Lord of the Flies

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having grown up in traumatizing

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circumstances and having faced the dark

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heart of man at war Golding now was

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forced to witness and confront perhaps

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the greatest evil he had yet encountered

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that of rowdy rebellious schoolboys

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Virginia tiger of Rutgers University

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described Goulding's reputation amongst

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readers as a novelist confirming what

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had been only privately understood about

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human behavior this became immediately

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recognizable and observably true the

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moment Lord of the Flies was released

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however by the time this flagship work

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was made available to the public the

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manuscript itself was worn its edges

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yellow and bent

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the thumbs of 15 possibly 21 publishers

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who turned down the novel that would

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soon become required reading for the

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same schoolboys it depicts so darkly

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Lord of the Flies tells the story of a

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group of boys stranded on an island left

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to build their own society to make their

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own rules to forge their own gods to

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hunt and to fight and to destroy each

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other as Golding believes they would in

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reality given the circumstances the

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tribe is divided over time into two

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groups that of ralph the immature but

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reasonable leader and jack the

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increasingly bloodthirsty hunter many

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mistakes are made in a handful of

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gruesome and memorably despairing deaths

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occur before the remaining boys are

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ultimately rescued at the end of the

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tale as noted in the Columbia electronic

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encyclopedia 6th edition Golding was

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basically concerned with the realm of

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ideas the eternal nature of humanity and

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the immaterial spiritual aspects of the

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world Lord of the Flies expresses this

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wonderfully many of its most riveting

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scenes are presented in mythopoetic

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prose or at least with a tone of vivid

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surreal Ness with thought of the Flies

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Golding sought primarily to trace the

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connection between man's disease nature

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and the international mess he gets

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himself into when the novel was

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eventually published following a change

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of name and significant editorial work

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this was a message the world was ready

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for having just gone through World War 2

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and having witnessed some of the

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greatest moral atrocities of the 20th

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century Lord of the Flies would prove

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wildly successful uprooting JD

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Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye and

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claiming its place as the manifesto of

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Western youth however when asked during

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an interview with Douglas M Davis for

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New Republic Goulding said I think both

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mine and Salinger's are valid pictures

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my children are sub adolescents faced

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with a sub adolescent world his hero is

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a post adolescent faced with an adult

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world nonetheless it seemed as described

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by Peter Green that self pitying egotism

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was out an original sin made a

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spectacular comeback Goulding's next

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novel published in 1955 one year after

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Lord of the Flies was markedly different

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from its predecessor yet handled similar

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themes here Golding tells of a tribe of

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Neanderthals who discover and eventually

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conquered by

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a clan of brutal cannibalistic Homo

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sapiens while distinctions between the

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two groups are highlighted throughout

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the story reads is a kind of recreation

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of the fall described in the Christian

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mythology Goulding's primitive

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protagonists experienced lust vengeance

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and greed for the first time a lord time

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and time again by the creatures that

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inevitably enact their demise

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as Lord of the Flies had been framed as

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a counter act to catch her in the Rye

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the inheritors has been pitted against

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the happy upper-class colonialism of

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Valentine's the coral island and against

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the evolutionary rationalism of HG Wells

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the grizzly folk as noted by Langan

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Ellsbury in the language of extremity

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the four elements in Goulding's the

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inheritors Golding deconstruct swells as

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deterministic account of human evolution

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and of the cro-magnon self evident

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superiority stylistically the inheritors

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is of special interest because it is

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narrated primarily by a member of the

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Neanderthal tribe who can think only in

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images and has yet to develop the neural

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processes necessary in evaluating

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correlative and causative relationships

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near the end of the story this

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perspective is broken and readers see

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the character through which they viewed

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this world become merely a crying

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creature underneath a tree due to its

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inventiveness many consider the

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inheritors to be Goulding's finest work

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to depart from thematic similarities

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Lord of the Flies and the inheritor

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share another commonality both deal with

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worlds far removed from our own isolated

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and inhabited by something other than

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the contemporary human being in his next

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two novels pincher Martin and free fall

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Golding seems to set out on the

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beginnings of a fierce struggle to break

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free from the self-imposed isolation

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pincher Martin in summation is the story

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of a man's ego out living the man

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himself stringing the reader along in

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the survival adventure tale of a man

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revealed to be already dead in a free

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fall the protagonist is on a search for

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cosmic truth which is sufficiently

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revealed to him by way of visions and a

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humble cry for help however it must be

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remembered that the truth for Golding

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was that all terror and despair are born

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of the human mind in all evil - these

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themes holding great philosophical

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weight Golding would carry into an array

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of impactful novels throughout his

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literary

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career the spire from 1964 is a tale of

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human vanity and stubbornness described

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by frank Kermode as a book about vision

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and its cost double tongue published in

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1993 explicitly pits divine inspiration

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against rational intelligence despite

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these dark and heavy thematic interests

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many friends and interviewers have

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discovered Golding to be surprisingly

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livia lively as a person live a lively

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live even critical reception of

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Goulding's work fluctuated greatly over

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the course of his career despite the

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multiple rejections his early novels

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faced by publishing houses Lord of the

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Flies and the inheritors were well

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received by literary critics of the 50s

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and 60s

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however critical reception a free fall

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and the spire rose slowly from murmurs

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of doubt to howls of disapproval Golding

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was generally unconcerned with critical

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concerns however his later novels namely

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rites of passage which won the 1981

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Booker Prize darkness visible and the

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posthumously published the double tongue

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were well received by literary critics

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two years later Golding was to receive

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the 1983 Nobel Prize for Literature and

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in the realm of academia opinions of

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Goulding's work shifted similarly over

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time though attention rarely wavered

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resulting in Golding being academically

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dissected by scholars and students long

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before his death speaking of which

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Golding died of a heart attack in 1993

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leaving a literary legacy of mythopoetic

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mystery behind him it remains unclear

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whether Golding ever found the answers

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to the questions he was seeking after or

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whether he was searching for direct

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answers at all

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a cheerful successful man on the surface

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plagued throughout his years by internal

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guilt and self-loathing William Golding

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explored of human nature and animal

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possibility at depths rarely reached by

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those who preceded or followed his work

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thank you so much for listening we have

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a wonderful day and never stop learning

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関連タグ
William GoldingNaturaleza humanaDualidadLord of the FliesLiteraturaFilosofíaGuerraAutobiografíaMitologíaCrítica literaria
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