Kimia Industri - Proses Pembuatan Deterjen (Bubuk/ Serbuk)
Summary
TLDRIn this informative video, viewers are guided through the flowchart of detergent production by Mr. Yoga. The process begins with the creation of a surfactant slurry using kerosene and sulfonated oleum at a controlled temperature, yielding dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. This is neutralized with NaOH to form sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The surfactant is then cooled, mixed with additives, and sprayed in a tower to form detergent granules. The granules undergo drying and separation processes, with impurities being reintroduced into the production cycle, while vapors are released into the atmosphere. The final product is scented and packaged according to consumer needs.
Takeaways
- 🚀 The video discusses the flowchart of the detergent manufacturing process with Pak Yoga.
- 🔍 The first step is the production of surfactant slurry, starting with the reaction of kerosene and dodecylbenzene at a controlled temperature of 55 degrees Celsius.
- 🧪 The mixture from the sulfonation process is then neutralized with NaOH in a mixer to form sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the surfactant base.
- 🔄 The surfactant slurry is pumped to a subtank to maintain pressure and is then cooled in a cooler.
- 💧 The cooled surfactant is stored in a storage tank, preparing for the next stage of detergent production.
- 🌀 The next step involves mixing the surfactant with sodium tripolyphosphate and other additives in a tracer, where high-speed mixing ensures homogeneity.
- 🌊 Water is removed in the tracer, thickening the mixture due to the hydration reaction of sodium tripolyphosphate.
- 🌧 The mixture is then pumped to the top of a spray tower, where it is sprayed while hot air from the process is introduced at the bottom.
- 🔍 The detergent particles are formed and fall to the bottom of the tower, passing through a hot water spray for separation.
- 🔄 Cycle 1 separates the hot vapor and any entrained particles, with the particles reintroduced into the process and the vapor released to the atmosphere.
- 🌀 The particles from the high-efficiency spray dryer are conveyed and further separated in cycle 2, with remaining vapor directed to cycle 3 for separation.
- 📏 The particles are then screened using a vibrating screen to ensure standard size before being conveyed to the packaging area.
- 🛍️ Finally, the detergent particles are perfumed and packed according to consumer needs and labeling requirements.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video?
-The main topic of the video is the flowchart and process of detergent production.
What is the first step in the detergent production process described in the script?
-The first step is the production of surfactant slurry, which involves the use of kerosene and sulfonation with oleum at a temperature of 55 degrees Celsius.
What is the role of NaOH in the production of surfactant slurry?
-NaOH is added to the mixer to neutralize the alkyl benzene acid, resulting in the formation of sodium alkyl benzene, which is the surfactant slurry.
What is the function of the subtank in the detergent production process?
-The subtank is used to maintain pressure or act as a pressure control mechanism during the production process.
How is the surfactant slurry cooled in the process?
-The surfactant slurry is cooled by being pumped to a cooler, where it is mixed and cooled down.
What is the purpose of the tracer in the detergent production process?
-The tracer is used to mix the surfactant slurry with sodium tripolyphosphate and other additives, creating a homogeneous mixture.
What happens in the spray tower during the detergent production?
-In the spray tower, the mixture is sprayed at the top while hot air from the furnace is introduced at the bottom, resulting in the formation of detergent particles.
What is the function of the cycle 1 in the detergent production process?
-Cycle 1 is used to separate hot vapor and any entrained particles, with the particles being recycled back into the process and the vapor being released to the atmosphere.
What is the role of the high-pressure pump in the production of detergent particles?
-The high-pressure pump is used to pump the mixture to the top of the spray tower, where it is sprayed to form detergent particles.
How are the detergent particles separated from the remaining vapor in the process?
-The particles are separated from the vapor in cycle 2, where the vapor is directed to cyclone 3 for further separation before being released to the atmosphere.
What is the final step in the production of detergent before packaging?
-The final step is the addition of fragrance to the detergent particles on the conveyor belt, which are then directed to the packaging area for labeling and consumer requirements.
Outlines
🧪 Detergent Production Process Flow
This paragraph outlines the detailed process of detergent manufacturing as explained by Pak Yoga. It begins with the creation of a surfactant slurry, where kerosene or diesel is mixed with oleum at a controlled temperature of 55 degrees Celsius to produce a mixture. This mixture is then pumped into a sulfat or mixer, yielding dodecylbenzene acid. The acid is neutralized with NaOH in a mixer to form a surfactant paste, which is then sent to a subtank for pressure regulation. The cooled surfactant slurry is stored in a tank before proceeding to the next stage, which involves combining it with sodium tripolyphosphate and additives in a tracer for homogenization. The mixture thickens due to a hydration reaction and is then directed to a drop tank, followed by being sprayed at the top of a spray tower while hot air from the process is introduced at the bottom. The resulting detergent particles fall to the bottom of the tower and are separated in a cycle to remove entrained particles and heat. The separated particles are then conveyed to a vibrating screen for standardization before being packed according to consumer needs.
🎉 Conclusion of Detergent Production Explanation
The second paragraph concludes the explanation of the detergent production flowchart by Pak Yoga. It serves as a closing remark, summarizing the process and expressing hope for the information's usefulness. The paragraph ends with a traditional greeting, wishing peace and blessings upon the viewers, followed by a musical note indicating the end of the video script.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Flowchart
💡Surfactant
💡Neutralization
💡Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP)
💡High-pressure Pump
💡Spray Tower
💡Cycle
💡Conveyor
💡Vibrating Screen
💡Fragrance
💡Packaging
Highlights
Introduction to the process of detergent manufacturing with a flowchart.
The first step involves creating a surfactant paste from kerosene or diesel.
Sulfonation of dodecylbenzene at a controlled temperature of 55 degrees Celsius.
Mixing the resulting mixture to produce dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid.
Neutralization of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid with NaOH in a mixer.
Formation of the surfactant paste, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
Transfer of the surfactant paste to a subtank for pressure or safety control.
Cooling of the surfactant paste in a cooler.
Storage of the cooled surfactant in a storage tank.
Combining the surfactant with sodium tripolyphosphate and additives in a tracer.
High-speed mixing to achieve a homogeneous mixture.
Removal of water in the mixer to thicken the mixture due to the hydration reaction.
Transfer of the mixture to a drop tank and then to the top of the spray tower with a high-pressure pump.
Spray process at the top of the tower with hot air blown from the bottom.
Collection of detergent droplets at the bottom of the tower and transfer to cycle 1.
Cycle 1 functions to separate hot vapor and entrained particles.
Transfer of entrained particles back to the tracer and hot vapor to the chimney.
Conveyor belt transport of high free cover droplets to cycle 2 for further separation.
Separation of droplets from residual heat in cycle 2 and transfer to cycle 3.
Conveyor belt transport of droplets to a vibrating screen for standard size sorting.
Addition of fragrance to the droplets on the conveyor belt before packaging.
Final packaging of the detergent according to labels and consumer needs.
Closing remarks and thanks from Pak Yoga for the detergent manufacturing process explanation.
Transcripts
hai hai
Halo assalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh pada video kali ini kita
akan membahas mengenai diagram alir
proses pembuatan deterjen bersama Pak
Yoga
Hai berikut adalah diagram alir proses
pembuatan deterjen untuk proses yang
pertama adalah pembuatan bubur surfaktan
dimana akhir bensinnya atau disini
adalah dodekilbenzena diadatkan masuk ke
dalam sulfonat or bersama oleum pada
sulfonat or suhu dijaga pada 55 derajat
Celcius menghasilkan campuran tersebut
nasi yang kemudian dipompakan masuk ke
dalam sulfat or dari Salvator didapatkan
hasil berupa asam akhir benzena disini
adalah asam dodecylbenzene nah asam
akhir benzena ini kemudian dialirkan ke
mixer dan ditambahkan NaOH untuk
menetralkan asam alkil benzena dari
mixer didapatkan bubur surfaktan yaitu
natrium akhir benzena nah bubur
surfaktan ini kemudian diadakan menuju
ke subtank yang berfungsi untuk
Nyalakan tekanan atau pengaman tekanan
saat katup pengatur ditutup bubur
surfaktan kemudian dialirkan menggunakan
pompa menuju ke cooler di cooler
campurkan didinginkan nah bubur
surfaktan yang sudah didinginkan
kemudian dialirkan menuju ke tangki
penyimpanan atau surfaktan Sturridge
proses berikutnya adalah pembuatan
deterjen bubur surfaktan dari surfaktan
Sturridge bersama sodium
tripolyphosphate dan bahan adiktif
dialirkan menuju ke tracer di dalam
kacer bahan-bahan diputar atau dicampur
dengan mixer kecepatan tinggi hingga
homogen
Hai pada kacer sejumlah air dihilangkan
dan campuran menjadi lebih kental
dikarenakan adanya reaksi hidrasi dari
sodium tripolyphosphate campurkan
kemudian dialirkan menuju ke drop tank
untuk kemudian dipompakan menggunakan
high pressure pump menuju ke bagian atas
airbrush spray Tower pada bagian atas
menara campurkan disemprotkan sedangkan
pada bagian bawah dialirkan udara panas
yang dihasilkan dari furnish dari proses
ini didapatkan butiran deterjen yang
kemudian jatuh ke bagian bawah menara
untuk wah panas yang naik melewati spray
kemudian dialirkan menuju ke cycle 1
cycle 1 ini berfungsi untuk memisahkan
uap panas dan juga partikel yang terikut
partikel yang terikut ini nantinya akan
dimasukkan ke dalam tracer sebagai bahan
baku awal sedangkan uap panas akan
dilepas ke atmosfer tetapi sebelumnya
dialirkan menuju ke Jimny staf atau
trombon terlebih dahulu butiran dari
menara high free cover ini kemudian
dialirkan menggunakan conveyor dengan
bantuan aliran udara dialirkan menuju ke
cycle2 pada segmen 2 butiran dipisahkan
dari uap atau panas yang masih terikut
uap panas yang masih terikut dialirkan
menuju ke siklon 3 untuk pemisahan
butiran dan uap panas di mana Nanti
butiran akan diumpankan ke conveyor
sedangkan uap panas akan dilepas ke
atmosfer tetapi sebelumnya akan
dialirkan
menuju ke chimney atau staf terlebih
dahulu butiran dari cycle2 kemudian
diumpankan menuju ke pengayak atau
screen untuk mendapatkan butiran dengan
ukuran sesuai standar nah butiran dari
vibrating screen dan juga butiran dari
siklon 3 ini dalil kan menuju ke
conveyor
Hai pada conveyor ditambahkan pengharum
dengan cara disemprotkan yang kemudian
di ampli umpankan kebagian packaging
untuk di packing sesuai dengan label dan
kebutuhan konsumen nah sekian penjelasan
dari Pak Yoga mengenai diagram alir
proses pembuatan deterjen semoga
bermanfaat terima kasih wassalamualaikum
warahmatullahi wabarakatuh
[Musik]
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