What is DevOps? Understanding DevOps terms and Tools
Summary
TLDRThis video from Cloud Champ demystifies DevOps by explaining its core concepts and tools with real-world examples. It covers version control systems like GitHub, infrastructure as code with tools like Terraform, configuration management with Ansible, and CI/CD pipelines using Jenkins. The tutorial also explores microservices, containerization with Docker, orchestration with Kubernetes, and monitoring with Prometheus and Grafana, guiding viewers through the entire application deployment process.
Takeaways
- 😀 DevOps is a process aimed at delivering applications or software in a fast and reliable manner, involving building, testing, deployment, and post-deployment monitoring and logging.
- 🔧 Version Control Systems like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket are essential for managing code repositories, enabling collaboration, version tracking, and secure code access from anywhere.
- 👨💻 Git is the underlying Version Control System, whereas GitHub is a web-based platform for creating repositories and storing code, used together for CI/CD purposes.
- 🏭 Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, and Pulumi allow for defining infrastructure requirements in code, enabling easy reuse and management across different environments.
- 🔩 Configuration management tools such as Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt automate the process of configuring servers and installing necessary software for applications.
- 🚀 CI/CD pipelines automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications, integrating with version control systems to streamline development workflows.
- 🔄 Microservices architecture involves deploying applications as a collection of small, independent services that communicate through APIs, offering better scalability and maintainability compared to monolithic architecture.
- 📦 Containerization with Docker allows applications to be packaged with their environment, dependencies, and configurations, making them portable and easy to deploy.
- 🤖 Kubernetes is a leading container orchestration tool that manages the deployment, scaling, and operations of application containers across clusters.
- 🔄 GitOps is a practice of using Git to define and manage infrastructure and application deployment to Kubernetes, automating updates and ensuring consistency.
- 🛎 Monitoring and alerting tools like Prometheus, Grafana, and Nagios are crucial for checking the health of applications and notifying teams of issues, ensuring high availability and performance.
Q & A
What is DevOps and why is it important?
-DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery of high-quality software. It's important because it enables faster and more reliable delivery of applications and services, which is crucial in today's fast-paced digital environment.
What are some common DevOps tools mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions several DevOps tools including Terraform, Ansible, Kubernetes, Jenkins, GitHub, GitLab, Prometheus, and Grafana. These tools are used for various aspects of the DevOps process such as infrastructure as code, configuration management, continuous integration and deployment, container orchestration, and monitoring.
What is the role of a Version Control System in DevOps?
-A Version Control System (VCS) in DevOps is used to manage and track changes to the source code of applications. It allows multiple developers to work on the same project without overwriting each other's changes, supports branching and merging, and provides a way to roll back to previous versions if needed.
How does Infrastructure as Code (IaC) simplify the creation of cloud resources?
-Infrastructure as Code (IaC) allows developers to define and provision infrastructure using code, which can then be version-controlled and automated. This simplifies the creation of cloud resources by making it reproducible, consistent, and less error-prone, as opposed to manually setting up each resource.
What is the difference between Git and GitHub as mentioned in the script?
-Git is a Version Control System that allows you to manage and keep track of code history, while GitHub is a web-based platform that uses Git for version control and additionally provides features like repositories, collaboration tools, and integrations for CI/CD pipelines.
Why is it beneficial to use configuration management tools in DevOps?
-Configuration management tools like Ansible, Chef, and Puppet are beneficial in DevOps because they automate the process of configuring servers and installing necessary software. This ensures consistency across environments, reduces human error, and speeds up the deployment process.
What is the purpose of CI/CD in the software deployment process?
-CI/CD, or Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment, is used to automate the steps of building, testing, and deploying software. It ensures that code changes are automatically tested and deployed, which increases the speed and reliability of software releases.
How does containerization with Docker help in deploying applications?
-Containerization with Docker packages an application and its dependencies into a single unit, called a container, which can run consistently across different computing environments. This makes it easier to deploy, scale, and manage applications, as it provides isolation and consistency.
What is Kubernetes and why is it used for container orchestration?
-Kubernetes is an open-source platform used for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It is used for container orchestration because it efficiently manages the lifecycle of containers, handles service discovery, load balancing, and storage orchestration, making it ideal for complex applications with multiple containers.
Why is monitoring important in the context of DevOps?
-Monitoring is crucial in DevOps to ensure the health and performance of applications and infrastructure. It helps in identifying and addressing issues proactively, thus preventing downtime and ensuring a positive user experience. Tools like Prometheus and Grafana provide insights into application metrics and system health.
Outlines
😀 Introduction to DevOps and Its Tools
The video script introduces the complex world of DevOps, an approach to software development that emphasizes collaboration between development and operations teams. It covers a variety of terms and tools such as Infrastructure as Code, containerization, configuration management, Version Control Systems, microservices, CI/CD, and monitoring tools like Prometheus and Grafana. The speaker promises to explain these concepts with real-world examples to clarify their use in the deployment process. The target audience is newcomers to DevOps who may find the terminology confusing. The script outlines the video's intent to guide viewers through the deployment of an application from scratch, using various DevOps tools and best practices.
🛠️ DevOps Practices: Version Control and Infrastructure as Code
This paragraph delves into the initial steps of the DevOps process, emphasizing the importance of Version Control Systems like GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket for code storage and management. It highlights the benefits of using such systems, including branch management, collaborative work, and the ability to roll back changes. The script introduces the difference between 'git', the Version Control System, and 'GitHub', the web-based platform. It then discusses the transition from local development to cloud deployment, touching on the use of Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, or Pulumi to automate server creation on cloud platforms, thereby reducing manual effort and increasing reproducibility across environments.
🔄 Automation and Deployment Strategies in DevOps
The script continues with the discussion on automating server configuration using tools like Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt. It explains how these tools allow for the definition of server configurations in code, enabling the simultaneous setup of multiple servers. Following this, the paragraph explores the manual process of deploying applications and the benefits of automating this with CI/CD pipelines using tools such as Jenkins, GitHub Actions, and GitLab CI. The transition from manual deployments to automated processes is highlighted as a key aspect of efficient DevOps practices. Additionally, the paragraph touches on the scalability of applications and the shift from monolithic to microservices architecture, introducing Docker for containerization and Kubernetes for container orchestration.
🚀 Advanced DevOps Techniques: GitOps, CI/CD, and Monitoring
The final paragraph of the script covers advanced DevOps techniques such as GitOps, where manifest files for Kubernetes are stored in git repositories and changes are automatically applied to the cluster. It also revisits CI/CD in the context of deploying applications on Kubernetes, using tools like Jenkins, Travis CI, and GitHub Actions to streamline the process. The importance of monitoring applications using tools like Prometheus and Grafana is underscored, as is the use of alerting tools to notify teams of issues promptly. The script concludes by summarizing the entire DevOps process from code repository management to application deployment, container orchestration, and monitoring, inviting viewers to engage with the content and reach out with questions.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡DevOps
💡Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
💡Version Control Systems
💡Microservices
💡Containerization
💡CI/CD
💡Configuration Management
💡Kubernetes
💡Monitoring
💡Git
Highlights
DevOps is a process of delivering applications or software in a fast and reliable manner.
DevOps engineers are responsible for application building, testing, deployment, and post-deployment stages like monitoring and logging.
Version Control Systems like GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket are essential for code management, providing benefits such as branching, collaboration, and rollback capabilities.
Git is the underlying Version Control System, while GitHub is a web-based platform for creating repositories and storing code.
Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, or Pulumi allow for defining infrastructure in code, simplifying environment setup and reducing setup time.
Configuration management tools such as Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt automate server configuration and software installation.
CI/CD pipelines automate the process of building, testing, and deploying applications, integrating with version control systems for continuous updates.
Microservices architecture involves deploying small, independent services that work together, offering advantages in maintainability and scalability over monolithic architecture.
Docker is a popular tool for containerizing applications, allowing them to run in isolated environments.
A Dockerfile contains instructions to create a Docker image, which can be stored and pulled from repositories like Docker Hub or ECR.
Container orchestration tools like Kubernetes manage multiple containers, defining replicas, images, and volumes for application deployment.
GitOps is a practice of automating deployment and management of containerized applications using GitHub in conjunction with Kubernetes.
CI/CD for Kubernetes automates the deployment process of applications on Kubernetes clusters using tools like Jenkins, Travis CI, or GitHub Actions.
Monitoring tools such as Prometheus and Grafana are crucial for checking the health of applications and ensuring they respond to requests.
Alerting tools like SNS on AWS, Slack, or PagerDuty notify teams of issues, allowing for quick response to application downtime or failures.
The video provides a comprehensive guide from building an application to deploying it on servers or containers, including setting up CI/CD and using Kubernetes for orchestration.
The importance of understanding DevOps terms and tools is emphasized for efficient application deployment and management.
Transcripts
devops is confusing with so many
different terms like infrastructure as
code containerization configuration
management Version Control Systems
microservices cicd and so much more not
to mention the different devops schools
like terraform ansible kubernetes
Jenkins GitHub gitlab Prometheus grafana
and so much more so in this video I am
going to explain you all these different
terms with the real world example to
make you understand where to use all
these different tools in the deployment
process this video is going to be very
helpful for you so watch this video till
the end
hey everyone Welcome to Cloud champ in
this video we are going to understand
devops completely so if you're new to
devops and have no idea what are these
different devops terms or don't know
when to use terraform or Jenkins or
Prometheus in the devops process then
this video is for you throughout this
video we are going to take an example
and understand how is an application
deployed from scratch discussing all the
different devops terms and the tools
used along with best practices so please
like this video if you're new subscribe
to the channel and let's start before we
move ahead let's understand what is
devops which is one of the most
confusing terms and there are so many
different definitions for it so to
explain your devops in very simple way
devops is a process of delivering
applications or softwares in a fast and
reliable Manner and a devops engineer is
a person who is responsible for
application building testing and
deployment also some stages after
deployment like monitoring and logging
to make sure your application is running
fine now that we have an idea of what is
devops so let's take a scenario consider
you are working as a developer engineer
at a company where you are given a task
to deploy an application so the code for
this application has been written and
given it to you by developer you have
your code in your local machine and now
you are ready to deploy it but there are
issues when you have your code in your
local machine so if you lose your
machine your code is gone if you don't
have access to your machine you don't
have access to your code and that is why
it's a best practice to First create a
repository and push your code on Version
Control Systems like GitHub gitlab or
bitbucket pushing your code to Version
Control Systems like GitHub and gitlab
can provide you with so many different
benefits you can have different branches
for different versions of your
applications different people working on
your application you can also have a way
to roll back if there's an issue and you
also have a place where you can securely
push your code and access it from
anywhere in the world so first thing you
should always do when starting with an
application is pushing your code on
GitHub and gitlab or bitbucket anything
so you decided to push your code on
GitHub repositories and for that you use
git to push your code on GitHub
repositories understand there is a
difference between git and GitHub GitHub
is a web-based platform where you can
create repositories and push your code
but for you to push the code you require
git which is created by Lena store walls
the same person who created Linux so get
is the underlying Version Control System
whereas GitHub or gitlab or bitbucket
are all web-based platforms where you
can create repositories and store your
code these repositories can also be used
for CI CD purposes which we are going to
learn later on but for now we are using
GitHub to push our code from a local
machine to GitHub repositories through
which we can access our code from
anywhere now the code is on GitHub and
we can clone it on any machine and try
to run it locally when we run an
application locally it's only accessible
to us it's not accessible to the
internet and for you to make it
accessible you have to deploy it on the
cloud
so to reply the cloud you have two
options you can either deploy this
application on servers or on containers
let's say for now you don't have much
traffic and you don't want to have
scaling so you decided to go with the
servers so you want to deploy this
application on servers and for that you
need to create servers on the cloud and
to create a service on the cloud you
need to go to the cloud provider let's
say AWS you went to ec2 dashboard
clicked on launch instance fill in all
the details what operating system you
want what Security Group should be there
what should be the key keypad what
should be the volume and all of that and
you created an instance but that's not
how devops Engineers do so if you want
to create a server you will be using
tools like terraform cloud formation or
pulumi where you write the
infrastructure in the form of code so
you will be defining I want to have two
ec2 instances with Linux operating
systems 8GB storage and all of that in
the form of code something like this and
then you can run the command turn off
apply to have that server on the cloud
using infrastructure as code tools like
terraform you can easily reuse the code
to create infrastructure in different
environments like staging development
and Broad also reducing the time and
effort required to set up your
infrastructure now only this you can
also store your code on Version Control
Systems to maintain versions and
rollbacks if necessary so companies use
different infrastructure as code tools
like terraform pulumi cloudformation
Azure Ram templates Google Cloud
deployment manager and much more now you
have your server ready which is created
through infrastructure as code practice
but there is something more you need to
do before you deploy your application on
the server so this application is
written in Python language and for you
to run it on server you need to install
python on it along with some other
dependencies that might be required for
the application to run so you can run
the commands to configure it or to
install python or any other database or
any dependencies let's say flask or
Django but a devops Engineers won't be
doing it manually so to automate this
configuration you can use configuration
management tools like ansible Chef
puppet salt and a lot more using these
tools you can configure your servers and
install the necessary software so the
idea is you need to define the
configuration in the form of code so you
can tell install python install this
database start the database add this
query all that stuff in the form of code
and run it on the service when you do
this you can configure multiple servers
at once so you can configure your
infrastructure using tools like ansible
puppet Chef salt and lot more so now you
have your server ready and configured to
run your application so you cloned the
code from the repository on the server
now and you have deployed your
application which is running properly
you also connected your IP address with
the domain name using DNS so now anyone
on the internet can access your
application through your domain name so
now your application is working properly
on the servers and your users are happy
as well let's say you want to include
some feature or new version of your
application so you will get the code
from the developer create a build and
deploy it on your server get the code
create a build Deploy on server get the
code create the build and deployment
server so this is all manual process and
to automate all of this you can use CI
CD or continuous integration and
continuous deployment using CI CD
pipeline you can automate the process of
building testing and deploying your
application on the server so everything
done automatically so the idea is you
can connect it with your version control
system whenever there's a push mate to
GitHub or gitlab the build should be
created and automatically deployed on
the servers this can be done using
different tools like Jenkins GitHub
actions gitlab cicd Travis CI Circle CI
and a lot more CI CD is one of the most
important aspect of devops and is used
by all the companies now so you should
have an idea of what is a CI CD till now
we have discussed everything required to
deploy an application on the servers we
have seen how you can push your code on
repositories how to create a server
using infrastructure as code tools like
terraform you can you have also seen how
to configure your servers using
configuration management tools like
ansible we have seen how to deploy our
applications on the servers and to
automate all of this stuff we have seen
how we can use CI CD pipelines using
tools like Jenkins gitlab or GitHub
right now now let's consider that your
application is viral and you have a lot
more traffic so you want to convert your
application in a micro service
architecture where you want to deploy
all of your components in separate
containers using Docker so let's
understand what is a microservice
architecture and what is a monolith
architecture so monolith is an
architecture where your application is
deployed as a single unit and there are
some disadvantages whereas some
advantages as well for this so Advantage
is that it is very easy for you to
develop and deploy your application
whereas it is difficult for you to
maintain and scale this also if one of
the component in the monolith
architecture fails the entire
application is brought down whereas if
you look at microservices micro service
architecture microservice architecture
is a collection of small and independent
services that work together to form a
large application each service is
responsible for different functions so
let's say one of the container or one of
the service is a database second is a
message queue it can be a web
application or anything and all of them
talk to each other through apis so they
are very Loosely coupled unlike monolith
which are very tightly coupled even if
one of the application one of the
service is down the other services are
not affected where you can easily scale
and maintain it but disadvantage is you
have to have lot of knowledge and it's
very complex for you to develop and
deploy microservices application so
let's say you decided to my create an
application in the form of microservices
and you want to deploy it in the form of
containers and whenever you want to
deploy application in the form of
container the most popular tool is
Docker so using Docker you can
containerize your application to make it
run on containers so now your
application was running on servers but
you won't deploy it on containers and
for you to do that you need to create
Docker file so a Docker file what is a
Docker file Docker file is a
instructions written down in a file for
your application to make it run as a
Docker container using Docker file you
can create an image so you will create a
Docker file run the build command Docker
build hyphen T my image name and then it
will create an image for you now you
have your image which you can store on
Docker Hub or ECR repositories this
image can be pulled by anyone if it is a
Public Image but if it isn't private
people in your organization can pull
that image and run your application in
the form of container after you have
your image you will now you can running
the containers and your application has
multiple containers one container for
database one for message queue one for
your application and a lot more so there
are multiple containers and for you to
manage them you need to use something
known as container orchestration and
there are different tools for container
orchestration like kubernetes openshift
mezos launcher and a lot more the most
popular One is kubernetes using
kubernetes you can manage different
containers of your application you can
Define how much replica should be
running what should be the image running
for your application how much should be
the volume and all of that stuff so
overall the container orchestration
tools like kubernetes are responsible to
provide a way to manage and automate the
deployment of applications that are
running on Docker containers now you
have your application running on
containers using kubernetes which is
very awesome so I hope you have
understood everything till now if you
have any questions feel free to note
down in the comment section after you
have kubernetes you can use something
known as git Ops using githubs with
kubernetes you can automate the
deployment and management of
containerized applications so the main
popular GitHub foreign city and the idea
is you define your manifest files on git
repositories and whenever there's a
change the change is going to be
reflected on your kubernetes cluster so
if you added a new service it will be
shown on here you don't need to run any
commands you don't need to run cubicle
apply as well and everything will be
defined on your kubernetes cluster when
you make the change in your git
repositories because the git
repositories are usually connected with
these get offs tools now your
application is running on kubernetes you
can also enable CI CD to automate all
this process whenever you have a new
application that should be deployed on
kubernetes so cicdu using tools like
Jenkins or Travis Ci or GitHub actions
or gitlab cicd you can automate the
process of deploying your applications
on kubernetes now once your application
is ready you need to make sure that it
is running properly so you need to
monitor them and monitoring means
checking the health of your applications
and making sure that an application is
responsing to all the requests you can
use different tools like Prometheus
grafana nagios for your monitoring
purposes
or you can also use alerting tools like
SNS on AWS you can use slack you can use
pager Duty so whenever there's an issue
or your application is down cluster is
down or container is not creating you
can get a notification on slack and you
can easily look into it so these are all
the different steps all the processes
required for deploying your applications
on servers or on containers including
different terms like infrastructure as
code configuration management Version
Control System
containerization CI CD and a lot more I
hope this video was helpful throughout
the video we have learned everything
from the start right from the start from
building the application to pushing or
pushing on git repositories to deploying
on servers setting up CI CD then
deploying on containers using kubernetes
to for container orchestration
monitoring your application using tools
like Prometheus grafana and alerting as
well so I hope this video was helpful if
you have any questions any doubt to feel
free to drop a comment below and you can
also reach me on LinkedIn I hope this
was informative please like this video
subscribe to my channel and have a good
day
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