Cómo Funcionan y Cómo Modificar Tu #Diferencial!!! (Todo Lo Que Tienes Que Saber)
Summary
TLDREl guion del video explica detalladamente qué es un diferencial, su función en los vehículos con motor longitudinal y tracción trasera, y cómo afecta el rendimiento del vehículo. Despeja mitos comunes sobre diferenciales, como la creencia errónea de que los diferenciales Dana son mejores que otros. Explica conceptos clave como la relación de diferencial, los grupos de diferenciales, y los diferentes tipos de diferenciales limitantes de patinaje, incluyendo los diferenciales positivos, negativos y bloqueadores. Además, aconseja sobre la elección de la relación de diferencial y la modificación de los semiejes para adaptarse a las necesidades de potencia y tracción.
Takeaways
- 🔧 La diferencial es un componente del eje trasero que permite a las ruedas girar a diferentes velocidades manteniendo la tracción.
- 📐 El término correcto para referirse a la diferencial es 'eje trasero', pero comúnmente se usa 'diferencial' para denominar todo el eje trasero.
- 🔄 La función de la diferencial es cambiar la dirección de la fuerza de rotación del motor para que las ruedas puedan girar.
- 🦠 Existen muchos mitos y conceptos erróneos sobre las diferenciales que a menudo confunden a las personas.
- 🏷 'Dana' es una marca de ejes, no una garantía de resistencia o calidad superior en comparación con otras marcas.
- 🔄 La razón de diferencial se refiere a la relación entre el número de dientes del pinión y la corona, lo que afecta tanto la velocidad como la aceleración del vehículo.
- 🛠 Al modificar una diferencial, es importante tener en cuenta el propósito y el tipo de trabajo que se espera que realice para evitar su falla prematura.
- 🔄 Los diferenciales de限滑 (limited slip) limitan el deslizamiento de las ruedas y distribuyen la tracción de manera más efectiva.
- 🔧 Los diferenciales 'positraction' son una forma de diferencial de限滑 que se hizo popular en la década de 1960 y se usa para mejorar la tracción en curvas.
- 🚫 No existen diferenciales 'negativos'; el término 'positraction' se refiere a los diferenciales de限滑 que permiten una mejor分配 de la fuerza de tracción.
- 🔩 Los semiejes o 'arrows' son los componentes que conectan la diferencial con las ruedas y transmiten la fuerza de rotación; su resistencia debe ser adecuada para la potencia y las condiciones de uso del vehículo.
Q & A
¿Qué es un diferencial y qué función cumple?
-Un diferencial es parte del eje trasero de un vehículo, usualmente en los que el motor está longitudinalmente en la parte frontal con tracción trasera. Su función es cambiar la dirección de la fuerza de rotación del motor para que las ruedas puedan girar y, al mismo tiempo, permitir que las ruedas giren a diferentes velocidades manteniendo la tracción.
¿Por qué a veces se utiliza el término 'diferencial' para referirse al eje trasero completo?
-En México, el término 'diferencial' se utiliza comúnmente para referirse al eje trasero completo, aunque técnicamente el diferencial es solo una parte del eje trasero que se encuentra en el centro y permite la diferenciación de la velocidad de giro de las ruedas.
¿Cómo se calcula la relación de diferenciación y qué significa?
-La relación de diferenciación se calcula dividiendo el número de dientes del corona entre el número de dientes del piñón. Esta relación indica cuántas veces debe girar el piñón para que el corona gire una vez, lo que afecta tanto la aceleración como la velocidad final del vehículo.
¿Qué es un diferencial de限slip y cómo funciona?
-Un diferencial de限slip es un tipo de diferencial que limita el deslizamiento de la rueda sin tracción, distribuyendo la fuerza de motor a la rueda que tiene tracción y permitiendo así que el vehículo se desplace incluso en condiciones de poco agarre.
¿Por qué se dice que los diferenciales 'positraction' son positivos y no negativos?
-El término 'positraction' proviene de un producto de Chevrolet en los años 60 llamado 'positraction', que era un diferencial de限slip. Con el tiempo, todos los diferenciales de限slip comenzaron a ser referidos como 'positivos', y no existe el concepto de un diferencial 'negativo'.
¿Cuál es la ventaja de utilizar un diferencial bloqueado o con 'spool' en lugar de uno de限slip?
-Un diferencial bloqueado o con 'spool' conecta directamente las semiejes, eliminando cualquier opción de deslizamiento y asegurando que ambas ruedas reciban la misma cantidad de tracción, lo que es ideal para carreras de velocidad o drifting donde se busca la máxima transferencia de potencia.
¿Qué son las semiejes y qué importancia tienen en el rendimiento del vehículo?
-Las semiejes o 'arrows' son los componentes que conectan el diferencial con las ruedas y transmiten la fuerza de rotación. Su capacidad para soportar el uso y la potencia del vehículo es crucial para evitar fallas y garantizar un rendimiento óptimo.
¿Es cierto que si cambio el motor o la transmisión necesito cambiar también el diferencial?
-No, cambiar el motor o la transmisión no requiere necesariamente cambiar el diferencial. El diferencial es un componente independiente del tren de potencia que cumple una función específica y no se ve afectado directamente por cambios en el motor o la transmisión.
¿Cómo se pueden identificar y elegir las semiejes adecuadas para un proyecto de vehículo?
-Para elegir las semiejes adecuadas, se debe considerar la potencia del vehículo, el tamaño de las ruedas, las condiciones en las que se utilizará el vehículo y la demanda de tracción que se espera. También es importante optar por semiejes de calidad y, si es necesario, por marcas del mercado secundario que ofrezcan soporte para las especificaciones de su proyecto.
¿Qué es 'solder track' y cómo afecta el rendimiento del diferencial?
-'solder track' es un método de bloqueo del diferencial que implica llenar el diferencial con ardis, como maní, hasta que no quepa más y luego soldar las semiejes para que no puedan girar. Esto elimina la capacidad de las ruedas para girar a diferentes velocidades y puede aumentar el riesgo de pérdida de control, por lo que no se recomienda a menos que se esté utilizando el vehículo principalmente en la pista.
¿Cómo se pueden modificar los diferenciales para mejorar el rendimiento en un proyecto de vehículo específico?
-Los diferenciales pueden modificarse cambiando la relación de diferenciación para ajustar la aceleración y la velocidad final, utilizando diferenciales de限slip o bloqueados para mejorar la tracción, y mejorando las semiejes para soportar una mayor potencia y tracción. También se pueden utilizar diferenciales 'torsen' que usan engranajes de tipo worm para limitar el deslizamiento de la rueda sin tracción.
Outlines
😀 Función y Mitos del Diferencial
El primer párrafo explica el propósito del diferencial, que es cambiar la dirección de la fuerza de rotación del motor para que las ruedas puedan girar. Se menciona que el diferencial, comúnmente referido en México como 'dana', es en realidad la eje trasero completo, aunque el término técnico sería 'ejes'. Se desentraña los mitos sobre marcas como Dana y se enfatiza que la calidad y la capacidad de un diferencial no dependen de la marca sino del diseño y la aplicación para la que fue creado. Además, se aclaran dudas sobre cuándo es adecuado cambiar o modificar un diferencial, dependiendo de las necesidades específicas de potencia, tracción y uso del vehículo.
😉 Relación de Diferencial y Modificaciones
Este párrafo profundiza en el concepto de la relación de diferencial, que es la razón entre el número de dientes del corona y el piñón, afectando la aceleración y la velocidad máxima del vehículo. Se discute cómo la elección de una relación de diferencial más alta puede mejorar la aceleración pero aumentar la rotación del motor y el consumo de combustible, y viceversa. También se menciona la importancia de considerar el uso del vehículo, la potencia, el tamaño de las ruedas y las condiciones de conducción al seleccionar una relación de diferencial adecuada.
😎 Diferenciales de Slip Limitado y Bloqueadores
El tercer párrafo se enfoca en los diferenciales de slip limitado, que comparten la fuerza entre las ruedas para mejorar la tracción en lugar de permitir que una rueda sin tracción pierda toda la potencia. Se describen los orígenes de los diferenciales positivos y se explican los diferentes tipos de diferenciales de slip limitado, incluyendo los con embrague preload, los con contrapeso centrifugo y los de diseño torsen. También se mencionan los bloqueadores, que son una forma extrema de prevenir el slip, y se discuten sus ventajas y desventajas en diferentes contextos de uso del vehículo.
🤔 Elementos del Diferencial y Mitos
El último párrafo cubre temas como los semiejes o flechas, que transmiten la fuerza de rotación al vehículo, y la importancia de elegir el tipo adecuado según la potencia y la tracción requerida. Se desalienta el cambio del diferencial solo por haber cambiado el motor o la transmisión, ya que no es un componente que necesite ser reemplazado por una razón tan genérica. Se desentraña el mito de que el cambio del motor o transmisión requiere un cambio de diferencial, y se sugiere que los cambios deben ser considerados en función de las necesidades y usos específicos del vehículo.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Diferencial
💡Eje trasero
💡Piñón
💡Corona
💡Relación de diferencial
💡Diferencial de limitación de patinaje
💡Diferencial abierto
💡Bloqueo del diferencial
💡Ejes o semiejes
💡Mitos sobre diferenciales
Highlights
La diferencial es un componente crítico en vehículos con tracción trasera, que permite a las ruedas girar a diferentes velocidades manteniendo la tracción.
El término 'diferencial' a menudo se refiere al eje trasero completo en México, aunque técnicamente es solo una parte de él.
El trabajo de la diferencial es cambiar la dirección de la fuerza de rotación del motor para que las ruedas puedan girar.
La relación entre el piñón y la corona es clave para calcular la razón de la diferencial, que afecta tanto la aceleración como la velocidad máxima del vehículo.
La marca Dana es comúnmente asociada con ejes de alta calidad, pero en realidad, la calidad depende del diseño y no solo de la marca.
Cuando se cambia una diferencial, es importante elegir una que ofrezca una ventaja práctica sobre la original en función de las necesidades específicas del vehículo.
La razón de la diferencial es fundamental para determinar el rendimiento del vehículo, ya que una razón más alta aumenta la aceleración pero reduce la velocidad máxima.
Los diferenciales de限滑 (limited slip) ayudan a distribuir la fuerza de tracción entre las ruedas, mejorando el avance del vehículo en condiciones de baja adherencia.
Los diferenciales 'positraction' son una forma de diferencial de限滑 que se popularizó por su uso en los coches Chevrolet en la década de 1960.
No existen diferenciales 'negativos'; la expresión 'positraction' se refiere a los diferenciales de限滑, y no hay un concepto opuesto.
Los 'blockers' o 'soldered track' son métodos para bloquear la diferencial, lo que impide el deslizamiento de las ruedas y mejora el rendimiento en ciertas situaciones.
Los 'spool' son componentes que reemplazan las ruedas intermedias para bloquear la diferencial, y son una opción económica para mejorar el rendimiento en la pista.
Los 'selectable lockers' permiten activar o desactivar el bloqueo de la diferencial según las necesidades, lo que es útil para diferentes condiciones de conducción.
Cambiar el motor o la transmisión no requiere necesariamente cambiar la diferencial, a menos que sea necesario para adaptar a las nuevas características del vehículo.
Las semiejes o 'arrows' son esenciales para transmitir la fuerza de rotación de la diferencial a las ruedas y deben ser adecuadas para la carga y el uso previsto.
El tamaño de las ruedas y el tipo de tracción pueden afectar la necesidad de cambiar las semiejes para soportar mejor las condiciones de uso.
La soldadura de la diferencial es una opción efectiva para mejorar el rendimiento en la pista, siempre y cuando se realice correctamente y se consideren otros posibles puntos débiles.
Transcripts
Positive, negative a Dana, twelve screws ,five studs
take it easy dude, you are going to get anxiety and it is that the majority
of the times when we are talking differentials there are many myths and
many concepts that most people don't know what they mean
there are a lot of doubts and that is why today we are going to clarify them we are going to talk about
what they are, what are they used for, how to modify and we will try to bust
several very common myths about differentials first what is a
differential? here in Mexico we call differential to the entire rear axle
that is usually installed in the vehicles with an
longitudinal engine in front with rear traction the correct term would be the rear axle
but I tell them here we call them differential. although there is a part
inside the rear axle that is called the differential and is the part that goes inside
in the middle, but for practical terms we are going to call the entire rear axle the differential
most of the times it has touched me that they ask me in the lives or that they ask me
I start talking with a follower on this subject the work of the
differential is to change the direction of the rotational force of the motor so that
can the wheels turn this force of motor is transmitted by the bar
cardan shaft and connects to the rear axle or the differential in the pinion yoke
Pinion is a gear that is connected to the cardan bar and that rotates and this Pinion
causes another gear to turn called the crown this is where the strength of
rotation changes direction of being turning left to right or right
left until turning back forward or front to back
and apart from changing the twist the relationship that there is between the teeth of the Pinion and
the teeth of the crown will make you your torque multiplies at the same time
the ring gear is connected to the differential now we are the precise concept of
differential which is the center part of the axle and the work of the differential is
that allows there to be a difference between turning the wheels keeping
always the attraction after the differential is connected to the arrows
or semiaxes and these are already the ones that transmit the rotational force of the
direct engine to the tires as concept This is the explanation more
simple that I can give you an axis rear of a differential but you have to
clarify something very important that the rear axles or differentials are
designed to do a certain type of work if you demand them or put them to
do a different job differential Well, it will not be prepared
and it's going to fail that's why this is where many of you have doubts and want
change your diff that's ok important that you know how to identify what it is
your rear axle or your differential so that that way you can understand if the penalty
invest in what you have or if it's worth it shame to throw it away and put another one and Here
let's go to the first myth that are the danas here in Mexico the Dana axis is fine
famous and people think that because you have a Dana axle is going to hold up a lot longer but
let me tell you something danna es simply the mark that makes the axis
because there are many brands that make axles some are the same car brands
what do your plants do for example 8.8 Ford is produced by Ford Chrysler
it also has differential plants produce the Chrysler 825 The Chrysler 925
and other differentials and at the same time dan spacer is a company that produces
axles and axle parts for many brands there are Force Chevrolet day Nissan
there are many many cars that come with differentials Dana spicer because it is a
Dana does not want to say that it will be better that a Chrysler the theme is for that
that specific axis is designed that That is what brings us to one of the
questions that ask me the most Memo what differential I put my car on my
change if you have already identified the Y axis if you you already decided that this differential does not
it will work you will have to search another differential that is from a model
have better performance and I'm going to put up with the work that you're going to do
to put to do and what you want to do when you change differential for
complete is that it be practical. first you have to have the pattern
well the right ones and then you have to be something that gives you an advantage over the axis
that you already had, for example, in the case of the old mopars that came with a
small differential that the parts are very expensive and hard to get
you can remove and you can put a Ford's 8.8-inch differential
which if you know how to choose it correctly it might come with parking brakes
rear may have arrows of 31 stretch marks and I might have
limited slip differential Y We are going to touch on these topics right now
but that's the joke if you're going to change the differential has to be for a
practicality reason means that it's easier cheaper and i get more
benefits if I change it than if you I invest the one I already have but in the case
that you have already identified your differential and your differential is good or there is not one
practical option to make a Swap of differential there is no other than
start modifying it and Here we will see the most important points the first
point is the differential ratio As I already told you, the rotation force
comes through the cardan bar connects to the Pinion and Pinion makes the ring gear rotate
but the relationship between the crown and the Piñón is very important and for
calculate it It is very easy is the number of teeth that have a split crown
between the number of teeth that the pi if you have a crown with 41 teeth and
a Pinion with 10 the division will give you 4.1 or 4 10 So that's the step
of the differential now what does it mean well the Pinion has to move 4.1
times for the crown to move once once this with the concepts of the
gears will be that your torque and your force is multiplied. That's why while
the differential ratio the number be taller tutor remove acceleration goes
to be taller but at the same time you engine will need to rotate more turns
to be able to move the cart to a certain speed So like everything in life
this is where there is a very great if you choose to change the ratio of
differential for more torque and more acceleration you're going to have to sacrifice
the engine revolutions especially in high speeds your engine will go a lot
faster than normal and you will consume more fuel on the side if you're doing
a project that you are going to very high speeds you will reduce the
final velocity of the car and here it is in where a myth comes from and one of the
questions he asks me the most What relationship of differential do you recommend or what happened
Do you recommend this topic to me? It's not something that It could be applied to many things you
you must take into account that you are assembling what are you going to use it for
How much horsepower do you have which is the size of your wheels in what
conditions you will be driving and how much are you willing to suffer for
be able to choose a relationship differential that will be the best for
that's why if someone tells you the step four days is the best step for the
track that exists is casting a lie because a step is very different
four days in a lightweight Mustang with a 302 engine than a step 4 10 in a Blazer
k5 with 35 rims that's why it's worth it that you see people who have projects
similar to yours and see what differential ratios used AND
try to pick one that you think Pro tip will serve you better when
you change the diff ratio to where you connect the crown that is going to be
our next topic that is the differential the differential comes in
groups there are low groups that accept lower number crowns and pinions
and there are high groups that accept higher numbered crowns and pinions
It means that if you have a box of satellites or a differential of groups
low and you are going to install a relationship of differential one step of high groups you go
to have to change the satellite box and the differential you will not be able to use the
same and the other the gears the crown and the Pinion come twinned you can't
use a 10 tooth sprocket that you brought installed in your differential and choose
a crown of 41 teeth that you find it thrown away and put it on dude ok
they have to be twins now yes entering the next topic which is the
satellite box or the differential is part is very very important because it is
the part that transmits the rotation of the crown the arrows that are the ones that go
directly to the wheels but as we have an axis of certain distance
when you turn the path of the wheels It's going to be different, it's like in a
escort the vato that goes on the side of outside He's going to have to walk faster
that the vato that goes on the inside side So the differential is exactly
that allows the wheels to go to different speeds but maintaining
attraction and this design is called A differential design open the design
open differential has a great disadvantage that as physics says the
strength will seek the path of lesser resistance so if you are
demanding your vehicle to the maximum and for some reason loses are on a wheel
all the strength will go straight to the wheel that has no traction and your tire
going to skate a lot while the other Wheel that does have traction is going to
be stopped and what happens here is that your car is not going to advance for that reason
developed the differentials of limited slip and this was ago
a lot Porsche began to integrate them in their cars around 1930 now
limited slip differentials do exactly that limit the
wheel slippage skating and start broadcasting the
torque to the wheel that does have traction so start sharing more
traction and this is going to be that you advance now these differentials many
we say positive and they are called positive for a very simple reason Chevrolet in
the 60s released a product called posit traction which was a differential of
limited slip and it became so that everyone began to tell the
limited slip differentials positive differentials and there
positive slip differentials of different types, the most common are
the ones with a clutch pack preloaded and use bevel gears
so that when it starts to turn a high speed gear makes it
begin to squeeze the clubs and that the attraction passes from one side to the other
other commons are with counterweights centrifugals that the same when they begin to
spin real fast so cluches them start to squeeze and again you start to
move forward and the most i I like them are a design called
torson to twist them instead of using the normal satellite gears use
worm gears then in theory it is an open differential but the design of
torque allows limiting differential slippage
both work very very well the truth They are one of my favorites now myth They exist
the negative differentials Well no dude As I already told you, the differential is
calls positive because Chevy popularized his product called pussy
traction the other the opposite the posit traction would be an open diff
So don't go looking so dude talking with your compas talking about
Negative spreads Now there is another way to limit slippage
done instead of limiting it you will block and this is with blockers
these are the favorites of the cars racing are used a lot in drifting and
a lot in quarter mile because what you do is that mechanically you do
that the arrows are connected together So there is no option for them to slip
the clutches or a slipping little here is so fixed and there are several
common designs the first that is the most cheap of all and is the most
easy what you can do to your differential it's called soldi Track well like that in me
Rancho y Sol de Track is practically grab your diff open and throw it
peanuts until you can't anymore dude I mean, you're going to weld it, you're going to do it
that the satellites stay glued to the box and besides that you are going to glue them
between them so that in that way not can turn then you will stay
practically with a blocker the bad is that as always here is a
exchange you will not have the capacity that the tires rotate at different
speeds and when you turn it can be that one begins to crawl or
grinding and the bad thing is that also if not you know how to handle it, you may lose
control much easier so I don't I recommend it unless you have a
project that is almost always track or that you have a fang and do not have him
fear of fat success the next method to lock a differential is with a
Mini spool and the mini spool what you do is that you disarm the satellites you take out
the satellites and you put some components that are designed to
to be locked using the same box These are very cheap, there are spools that
they can cost around 40-50 dollars and they work fine but here's the
fear that your weak point is going to be the box of satellites if you put a lot of torque in the
you can thunder so use them with be careful the other option is a full that
it's more or less like a mini sput but here what you do is that you remove all the
satellite box and put the full spool who will be the one who will bear the
crown and will be connecting the two arrows together This is the most used in
quarter mile and racing because has fewer parts therefore fewer
things to fail and the last and the most strawberries and the most expensive are
selectable blockers these are they use a lot in the jeeps because in the
jeeps there are times that you find yourself in times you need to remove the
block or you're going to get into more problems there are several designs can be
wired mechanics can be pneumatic or even electric and here the
The issue is that you have a switch, a button a lever and you activate whenever you want
lock the differential and with this we let's go to another myth weld the differential
does not last not true fat weld the differential It is a very good option Solo
you have to take into account two things you have to throw good peanuts
Although they are well gramped but good glued and the other is that although the
welding is not going to be the one that is going to fail It could be that another part of the differential
going to fail then take into account that but the truth is that they pull like that very
Ok and from there we go to the last topic What are the arrows or the semi-axes?
arrows or semiaxes are the ones that go connected to the differential and that
directly transmit the rotational force to the wheels now the semi-axle arrows
you have to know if they are going to hold the use that you are going to give them what do you want
say that if you put some slicks on it big guys to your car and you brought a
small differential that does not hold a lot of abuse you will possibly end up
breaking something many times are the arrows or semiaxes therefore here
you have option to change the arrows or axle shafts for some aftermarket sold
many especially for the axes more popular and here are several
alloys and hold differently joke is that you choose the one that will
serve for the work that you are going to use it Just take this into account The more
power the car has you will have to change the arrows but also
The more traction So if you do you increase the tires or if you go to one
track that is possibly prepared you will be demanding your arrows
a lot so take that into account before you finish your project and
there we go to the last myth if I change the motor
if you change a transmission I have to change the differential for the
car that I removed the engine to transmission and this is a tremendous
lie dude the differential is a powertrain component that makes a
specific work does not matter if you here you move other things while you
Do you have a way to connect them? work Now it will work
correctly or not is something that you have to know depending on what type of
differential you bring and what happened you bring but it is not an obligation that if you take
engine and transmission Silverado I have to take out the diff
I have to put an engine on my Malibu silverado transmission and differential
for it to work properly is lie So don't fall for it instead
that they see your stupid face, get in see our videos there we have a
stream of videos like this with themes specific talking about irons And if you
Doubts remain Connect to the livestreams What do we do on Mondays and Thursdays at
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