Microprogramed Control (Kontrol Termikroprogram) - Arkom

Summary

In this video, the presenter discusses the concept of microprogrammed control in computing, explaining how microprograms control a system's operations. The process involves memory storage for instructions, control registers, and address computing circuits. Various components of microprogrammed control such as instruction registers, control stores, and microinstruction decoders are detailed. The video also covers different implementations and control mechanisms for microprogramming, including the role of control words, binary signals, and the operation of microinstructions. The presenter emphasizes the importance of these components in machine processing and concludes with a thank you message for viewers.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses microprogrammed control in a microcontroller, explaining how instructions are stored in memory address registers and instruction registers.
• 😀 It explains the flow of a microprogram where control signals are generated based on stored instructions, which are then executed by the system.
• 😀 The concept of 'microprogramming' was introduced by Maurice in the 1950s and plays a crucial role in control unit design.
• 😀 Microprogrammed control units utilize a series of microinstructions stored in memory to perform operations.
• 😀 There are two types of microprogrammed control: horizontal and vertical microprogramming, which differ in the way control signals are generated and implemented.
• 😀 Key components of microprogrammed control include the Instruction Register (IR), Control Store, Address Computing Circuits, and Microinstruction Register.
• 😀 The Instruction Register (IR) stores the instruction being executed, while the Control Store holds the microinstructions for execution.
• 😀 The Address Computing Circuits determine the address of the next microinstruction to be executed.
• 😀 The Microinstruction Register holds the address of the next microinstruction and stores it during execution.
• 😀 The Microinstruction Decoder generates control signals based on the microinstructions to guide the execution of the next steps in the process.

Q & A

What is the primary topic discussed in the video?

The primary topic of the video is microprogrammed control units, specifically focusing on microprogramming in control units and their components in computing systems.

What is the role of the Microprogrammed Control Unit (MCU)?

The MCU is responsible for controlling a series of microinstructions that direct the operations of a computer system. It stores these instructions in memory, allowing the system to execute specific tasks based on the instructions.

What are the components of a microprogrammed control system?

The main components include the Instruction Register (IR), Control Store, Address Computing Circuit, Microprogram Counter, Microinstruction Buffer Register, and Microinstruction Decoder.

What is the function of the Instruction Register in microprogrammed control?

The Instruction Register (IR) stores the current instruction being executed, which is essential for the control unit to understand what operation needs to be performed.

How does the microinstruction decoder work?

The microinstruction decoder processes microinstructions and generates control signals that direct the system’s hardware to perform specific operations based on the microinstruction and its associated opcode.

What is the purpose of the Control Store in microprogrammed control?

The Control Store holds the microprogram or a set of microinstructions that define the control signals for each machine instruction executed by the system.

How are microinstructions executed within the system?

Microinstructions are executed sequentially. The system fetches the next microinstruction, decodes it, and uses it to generate control signals that drive the operation of the hardware.

What is the difference between horizontal and vertical microprogramming?

In horizontal microprogramming, control signals are encoded in parallel bits, allowing more control lines to be activated simultaneously. In vertical microprogramming, control signals are encoded in a more compact form, typically with fewer bits, but requiring more steps to activate control lines.

What does the Address Computing Circuit do?

The Address Computing Circuit calculates the address of the next microinstruction to be executed, ensuring the system fetches the correct instruction from memory.

What is a microprogram counter, and why is it important?

A microprogram counter (also known as a microinstruction counter) keeps track of the address of the next microinstruction to be executed, ensuring that the sequence of microoperations is followed correctly.