Praktikum ITD 2025 - Acara 2: Teknologi Retort

Summary

This video provides an informative tutorial on two essential machines: the vacuum sealer and the retort machine. It explains how to operate the vacuum sealer for packaging products like frozen foods and ready-to-eat meals by adjusting the time and sealing the packaging. The video also covers the retort machine, outlining its step-by-step process for sterilizing products, including boiler heating, pressure control, and cooling. Emphasizing safety and precision, the tutorial guides viewers through the entire process to ensure optimal results for food preservation. A comprehensive learning experience for anyone interested in these crucial packaging technologies.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video introduces the topic of vacuum sealer and retort machines, which are commonly used in packaging frozen food, canned food, and ready-to-eat meals.
• 😀 The vacuum sealer machine is activated by pressing the 'on' button and adjusting the power dial.
• 😀 The sealing process involves setting the appropriate time based on the packaging material, with polyethylene set for 10 seconds.
• 😀 The product is inserted into the packaging, and the machine automatically seals it when the lid is closed.
• 😀 The retort machine process begins with heating the boiler and ensuring there is enough water inside.
• 😀 A flame is used to ignite the boiler, and the heat is adjusted to achieve a pressure of 4 atmospheres.
• 😀 Before inserting the product into the retort, the machine's pressure is adjusted, and steam is released to remove excess water.
• 😀 Sterilization in the retort machine takes place at 121°C and 2 atmospheres for 15 minutes.
• 😀 After sterilization, the air pump and compressor cool the product down to 60°C.
• 😀 Once the product has cooled and the pressure is reduced, it is ready to be removed from the retort machine.
• 😀 The video concludes with a reminder to ensure all valves and systems are closed properly before shutting down the machines for future use.

Q & A

What is the primary function of a vacuum sealer machine?

A vacuum sealer machine is used to seal products in plastic packaging by removing air, extending shelf life, and preserving the product's quality.

How do you operate a vacuum sealer machine?

To operate the vacuum sealer, first turn it on by pressing the power button. Adjust the power setting, insert the product into the packaging, and set the appropriate time based on the packaging material. Then, place the bag in the machine, clamp the packaging, and the machine will automatically seal it when the process is complete.

What type of plastic is typically used with a vacuum sealer?

The vacuum sealer typically uses polyethylene plastic for sealing, which requires a sealing time of about 10 seconds.

What is the purpose of using a retort machine?

A retort machine is used for sterilizing products by applying heat and pressure, ensuring that the product remains safe and preserved for longer shelf life, often used for food packaging.

What are the steps in operating a retort machine?

The steps include: heating the boiler, inserting the product, ensuring the retort is sealed properly, heating the retort to the desired pressure, sterilizing the product for 15 minutes, and cooling the product before removing it.

How do you ensure that the retort machine is properly heated?

To ensure proper heating, check the water level indicator in the boiler, ignite the burner to produce a blue flame, and adjust until the pressure reaches 4 atmospheres.

What is the ideal temperature for sterilization in the retort machine?

The ideal temperature for sterilization in the retort machine is 121 degrees Celsius, with a pressure of 2 atmospheres maintained for 15 minutes.

Why is it necessary to maintain the pressure in the retort machine during sterilization?

Maintaining pressure is crucial because it ensures the heat inside the retort is distributed evenly and that the sterilization process is effective in killing bacteria and other microorganisms.

What should be done after the sterilization process is completed in the retort machine?

After sterilization, the air pump and compressor should be turned off, and the steam valves should be opened to release pressure. Once the pressure reaches 0 atmospheres, the product can be safely removed.

What safety precautions should be taken when operating the retort machine?

Ensure that the retort machine is sealed properly, check that the pressure and temperature are correct, and make sure that all steam valves are closed when the machine is not in use. Always monitor the machine closely during the entire process.