PKn Diskusi P.13 (Agro)

Summary

The video script discusses human rights violations, defining them as acts that contravene human rights laws, either intentionally or unintentionally. It categorizes violations into minor and major, including unfair treatment and discrimination as minor, and genocide and crimes against humanity as major. The script highlights the importance of human rights, the role of the Indonesian Human Rights Court, and the need for legal reform and societal support to address these issues effectively.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The script discusses human rights (HAM) violations, emphasizing that these are rights inherent to all individuals, which should not be violated by anyone.
• 📚 Human rights are categorized into six types: personal rights, political rights, legal equality rights, economic rights, social rights, and judicial rights.
• 🚫 'Light' human rights violations include unfair behavior and discrimination, while 'heavy' violations are classified into genocide and crimes against humanity.
• 📉 The speaker points out that human desires, both good and bad, can lead to the violation of human rights, such as theft and robbery.
• 🏛 Human rights violations can occur between government agencies and the public, or among community members.
• 📉 The script mentions that violations often occur between government agencies and the public due to the nature of human rights.
• 📖 There are weaknesses in the law and its implementation, such as the placement of human rights courts within the general judicial system, which makes them heavily dependent on bureaucracy.
• 📉 The script highlights that 'light' violations are often not brought to court due to the current legal framework.
• 🏛 The establishment of the Indonesian Human Rights Court is seen as a government responsibility to enforce and protect human rights, but it has many shortcomings.
• 🔍 The need for legal reform is emphasized, including the infrastructure and human resources of the human rights court system.
• 🌟 The script concludes by emphasizing the need for political will and strong public support to effectively address human rights violations.

Q & A

What is the meaning of HAM as discussed in the script?

HAM stands for 'Hak Asasi Manusia' or 'Human Rights', which refers to the fundamental rights that every human being possesses from birth, and which should not be violated by anyone.

What are the types of human rights violations mentioned in the script?

The script mentions two types of human rights violations: 'pelanggaran HAM ringan' (light human rights violations) and 'pelanggaran HAM berat' (severe human rights violations).

What is the difference between light and severe human rights violations?

Light human rights violations include unfair behavior and discrimination, while severe human rights violations are classified into genocide and crimes against humanity, which involve acts intended to destroy or harm a group of people based on ethnicity, race, or religion.

What are the six categories of human rights mentioned in the script?

The six categories of human rights are: personal rights, political rights, legal or equality rights, economic or property rights, social rights, and judicial or procedural rights.

What are the challenges in the implementation of human rights laws in Indonesia as discussed?

Challenges include weaknesses in legislation and its implementation, the placement of human rights courts within the general judicial system, and the underutilization of human rights courts due to bureaucratic mechanisms.

What is the role of the Indonesian Human Rights Court as described in the script?

The Indonesian Human Rights Court is a manifestation of the state's responsibility to enforce and protect human rights, but it requires improvements in legal instruments, infrastructure, and human resources to effectively address human rights violations.

What are the two main types of human desires that can lead to human rights violations according to the script?

The script mentions that human desires can lead to violations, specifically the desire to do evil, which can result in actions like theft, robbery, and other human rights abuses.

How does the script suggest improving the handling of human rights violations in Indonesia?

The script suggests that there is a need for political will from the government and strong support from society to improve the enforcement and protection of human rights in accordance with established laws.

What is the significance of the phrase 'wassalamualaikum, warahmatullahi wabarakatuh' used at the end of the script?

The phrase 'wassalamualaikum, warahmatullahi wabarakatuh' is a traditional Islamic greeting and blessing, used to conclude the discussion on a respectful and peaceful note.

What does the acronym 'UU' stand for in the context of the script?

In the script, 'UU' stands for 'Undang-Undang', which translates to 'Law' or 'Act' in Indonesian, referring to specific laws or legislation.

What is the significance of the number '39' mentioned in the script in relation to human rights laws?

The number '39' refers to the article number in the Indonesian Human Rights Law of 1999, which outlines the concept of human rights violations.

Outlines

00:00

😔 Understanding Human Rights Violations

The script introduces a discussion on human rights violations led by a group called Group 7. The moderator, Sukmawati, and other members like Nurul Fatimah, Anji Salsabila, Rosmina, Rajab, and Junior Hasyim participate. They define human rights as fundamental rights inherent to every individual since birth. The discussion is divided into several parts, starting with Nurul Fatimah explaining the concept of human rights violations, which are actions or omissions by individuals or groups, including state apparatus, that contravene laws by infringing upon someone's rights. She further divides human rights into six categories: personal rights, political rights, legal equality rights, economic rights, social rights, and judicial rights. The script then discusses the severity of violations, distinguishing between minor and severe violations, with severe violations including genocide and crimes against humanity.

05:02

😓 Addressing Human Rights Issues in Indonesia

The second paragraph delves into the reality of human rights violations in Indonesia, highlighting both minor and severe forms. It discusses how these violations can occur in interactions between the government and citizens, with a focus on those between government apparatus and the public. The script mentions the two main desires of humans, to do good and to do evil, with the latter leading to human rights abuses such as theft, robbery, and other infringements. The discussion also points out weaknesses in Indonesian human rights law and its implementation, including the dependence of human rights courts on bureaucratic mechanisms and the lack of cases brought forward due to light violations. It also addresses ongoing discrimination and the misuse of legal articles to allow perpetrators to go unpunished. The need for political will and public support to strengthen human rights enforcement is emphasized.

10:07

🙏 Closing Remarks on Human Rights Discussion

The final paragraph is a closing statement from the group, asking for forgiveness for any shortcomings and expressing gratitude. It concludes the discussion on human rights violations, emphasizing the importance of understanding and addressing these issues within the framework of Indonesian law and society.

Keywords

💡Human Rights

Human Rights refer to the basic rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled. In the video script, it is mentioned as 'hak asasi manusia', which are rights inherent to all human beings since birth. The script emphasizes that these rights should not be violated by anyone, reflecting the video's theme of discussing human rights violations.

💡Violation

A violation, in the context of the script, refers to any action or behavior that contravenes human rights. The script mentions both intentional and unintentional actions by individuals or groups, including state apparatuses, that infringe upon these rights. It is central to the video's narrative as it discusses the nature and types of human rights violations.

💡Legal Equality

Legal Equality is a concept that implies equal treatment before the law without discrimination. The script refers to it as 'hak kesamaan kedudukan dalam hubungan dalam hukum dan pemerintahan'. It is a key aspect of human rights, ensuring that everyone has the same rights and opportunities under the law, which is integral to the video's discussion on the fairness of legal systems.

💡Genocide

Genocide is defined as the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group. In the script, it is categorized as a severe form of human rights violation, 'kejahatan genosida'. The video uses this term to highlight the extreme consequences of human rights abuses, emphasizing the gravity of such acts.

💡Discrimination

Discrimination is the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. The script describes it as 'diskriminasi', where unfair treatment is based on skin color, ethnicity, economic status, religion, etc. It is a recurring theme in the video, illustrating how discrimination can lead to human rights violations.

💡Economic Rights

Economic Rights pertain to the rights related to economic activities and property. The script mentions 'hak asasi ekonomi atau properti', emphasizing the importance of these rights in ensuring individuals can participate freely in economic life without unjust constraints. This is a key component of the broader discussion on human rights in the video.

💡Legal System

The Legal System refers to the set of rules and practices through which a society enforces its laws. The script discusses the weaknesses in the legal system, such as the placement of human rights courts within the general judicial system, which makes them heavily reliant on bureaucratic mechanisms. The video highlights the need for improvements in the legal system to better protect human rights.

💡Political Will

Political Will is the determination of political actors to achieve certain goals, in this case, the protection and enforcement of human rights. The script mentions the need for 'political will' from the government to effectively address human rights issues. It underscores the importance of political commitment in ensuring that human rights are upheld.

💡Social Justice

Social Justice is the fair and impartial treatment of all individuals within a society. The script refers to the concept when discussing the importance of treating all citizens equally, regardless of their background. It is a central theme in the video, as it ties into the broader conversation about human rights and the need for a just society.

💡Humanitarian Law

Humanitarian Law, also known as the laws of war or international humanitarian law, governs the conduct of armed conflict and seeks to limit its effects. The script touches on the idea of international intervention to address human rights abuses, which is a part of humanitarian law. It suggests that such laws could play a role in addressing severe human rights violations discussed in the video.

💡Civil Society

Civil Society encompasses the collective group of non-governmental organizations and individuals who work to promote social welfare and development. The script mentions the need for strong support from civil society in addressing human rights issues. It highlights the role of civil society in advocating for and upholding human rights, which is crucial to the video's message.

Highlights

Introduction to the discussion on human rights violations by Group 7, led by Sukmawati as the moderator.

Definition of human rights (HAM): Rights inherent to humans from birth as creations of God, which cannot be violated by anyone.

Explanation of human rights violations: Actions that reduce, restrict, or revoke human rights guaranteed by law, either intentionally or unintentionally.

Human rights are divided into six categories: personal rights, political rights, legal equality rights, economic rights, social rights, and judicial rights.

The first discussion covers the concept of human rights violations, emphasizing their occurrence through illegal actions against individuals or groups.

General forms of human rights violations in Indonesia include minor violations like unfair treatment and major violations such as genocide and crimes against humanity.

Genocide: The deliberate destruction of a national, racial, or religious group is classified as a major human rights violation.

Crimes against humanity: Actions targeting civilians as part of widespread or systematic attacks.

The root cause of human rights violations often lies in the human desire to commit wrongful acts such as murder, theft, and looting.

Most human rights violations in Indonesia occur between government officials and the public, although they can happen between civilians as well.

Challenges in enforcing human rights law include bureaucratic dependence in the judicial process and inadequacies in current legal frameworks.

Some cases of minor and moderate human rights violations are not brought to trial, despite legal provisions.

Misinterpretation of certain legal articles, such as Article 35 of Law No. 26 of 2000, allows perpetrators to evade justice.

The establishment of Indonesia's Human Rights Court was a positive step, but improvements are needed in legal instruments, infrastructure, and human resources.

To effectively address human rights violations, political will from the government and strong support from society are required.

Transcripts

porno rohingya Assalamualaikum

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh pada

kesempatan hari ini kami akan

mempresentasikan hasil diskusi kami

mengenai masalah pelanggaran HAM Adapun

anggota dari kelompok kami kelompok 7

yaitu saya sendiri Sukmawati selaku

moderator selanjutnya

Rp

Hai saya Nurul Fatimah bales

Hai ayang Anji Salsabila saya Rosmina

Rajab dan saya Junior Hasyim jadi

pengertian HAM adalah hak asasi manusia

adalah hak yang dimiliki manusia yang

telah diperoleh dan dibawanya sejak

lahir sebagai makhluk ciptaan tuhan yang

maha esa yang sifatnya tidak boleh

dilanggar oleh siapapun selanjutnya

pembahasan pertama akan dibacakan oleh

saudari full Fatimah Abbas kepada

saudari Seven sewaktu-waktu

Hai Baik terima kasih atas kesempatan

yang telah diberikan pada materi pertama

yaitu mengenai konsep pelanggaran HAM

pelanggaran HAM adalah setiap persetia

perbuatan seseorang atau kelompok orang

termasuk aparat negara baik disengaja

maupun tidak disengaja yang melawan

hukum dengan cara mengurangi membatasi

dan mencabut hak asasi manusia seseorang

atau kelompok atau kelompok orang yang

menjadi yang dijamin oleh undang-undang

pada pasal 1 butir 6 undang-undang nomor

39 tahun 1999 tentang hak asasi manusia

next

Hai secara umum hak asasi manusia dibagi

terbagi atas enam macam yang pertama

adalah hak asasi pribadi yaitu hak asasi

yang berhubungan dengan kehidupan

pribadi manusia yang kedua hak asasi

politik yaitu

Hai hak asasi yang berhubungan dengan

kehidupan politik yang ketiga hak asasi

hukum atau legal equality Rich yaitu hak

kaset itu hak kesamaan kedudukan dalam

hubungan dalam hukum dan pemerintahan

yang keempat hak asasi ekonomi atau

properti raiq yaitu hak yang berhubungan

dengan kegiatan perekonomian yang kelima

yaitu hak asasi peradilan atau prosedur

alright yaitu yang merupakan hak untuk

diperlukan dan sama dengan tikungan

dengan kehidupan bermasyarakat Terima

kasih atas kesempatan yang diberikan

saya kembalikan kepada moderator

Hai selanjutnya akan dibacakan oleh

saudari nanti Salsabila kepada saudari

saya persilahkan Terima kasih atas

kesempatan yang telah diberikan saya

akan membahas Bagaimana realita

kehidupan bermasyarakat berbangsa dan

bernegara bentuk pelanggaran HAM di

Indonesia itu ada dua yang pertama itu

pelanggaran HAM ringan nah pelanggaran

HAM ringan itu seperti adanya Perilaku

tidak adil dimana kita ketahui tidak

adil itu merupakan perbuatan yang tidak

bisa merupakan as sesuatu pada tempatnya

kemudian amat adanya diskriminasi Jumat

diskriminasi disini yaitu pembedaan

perlakuan terhadap sesama warga negara

berdasarkan warna kulit golongan suku

ekonomi agama dan sebagainya

file-file yang kedua itu pelanggaran HAM

berat pelanggaran HAM berat ini

diklasifikasi menjadi dua yaitu

kejahatan genosida yang pertama

kejahatan kejahatan genosida itu

perbuatan yang dilakukan dengan maksud

menghancurkan atau memusnahkan

di seluruh maupun sebagian sebagian

kelompok bangsa ras maupun agama yang

kedua itu kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan

kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan yaitu

perbuatan yang dilakukan sebagai sebagai

bagian dari Serangan yang meluas atau

sistematik yang mana serangan tersebut

ditunjukkan secara langsung terhadap

penduduk sipil selanjutnya enam telah

kita ketahui bahwa keinginan yang

dimiliki manusia itu hanya dua yaitu

keinginan berbuat baik dan keinginan

berbuat jahat nah keinginan berbuat

jahat itu yang menimbulkan dampak pada

pelanggaran hak asasi manusia manusia

seperti ambunu merampas merampas harta

harta milik orang lain menjarah dan

lain-lain pelanggaran hak asasi manusia

ini dapat terjadi dalam interaksi antara

aparat pemerintah dengan masyarakat dan

antar warga masyarakat namun

* tanya yang sering terjadi adalah

antara aparat pemerintah dengan

masyarakat karena hak asasi manusia ini

pelanggaran hak asasi manusia ini dapat

dilakukan oleh siapapun dan kapanpun

itulah tadi materi yang telah tua saya

sampaikan saya kembalikan kepada

moderator selanjutnya akan dibacakan

oleh saudari resmi Rajab kepada saudari

saya persilakan terima kasih atas

kesempatannya Disini saya akan

memecahkan masalah dari materi yang

tekarang pertama itu terdapat beberapa

kelemahan dalam undang-undang dan

pelaksanaannya yang mana penempatan

pengadilan HAM di dalam lingkungan

peradilan umum menjadikannya sangat

bergantung kepada mekanisme birokrasi

dan administrasi yang ditempatinya yang

kedua pelanggaran terhadap

home ringan sedang bahkan kasusnya tidak

pernah dibawa karena pengadilan HAM

sesuai yang atur di dalam UU Nomor 40

Tahun 40 tahun 2008 tentang penghapusan

diskriminasi ras dan etnis subjects

serta masih marak terjadi yang kemudian

juga jauh dari rasa keadilan ketiga

adanya pasal undang-undang nomor 26

tahun 2000 yang disalahartikan sehingga

memungkinkan para pelaku untuk bebas

pada pasal 35 ayat 1 itulah materi yang

saya bisa sampaikan dan serahkan kembali

ke moderator yg

Hai pernah ngarep materi selanjutnya

akan disampaikan oleh saudari Junior

Hasyim kepada saudari saya persilakan

Terimakasih atas waktu yang diberikan

saya akan membahas Bagaimana solusi dari

permasalahan dalam pembahasan ini

pendirian pengadilan HAM Indonesia

merupakan salah satu wujud dari tanggung

jawab negara dalam penegakan dan

perlindungan hak asasi manusia namun

masih banyaknya kekurangan sehingga

diperlukan pembenahan dan pengadilan HAM

baik dari instrumen hukum infrastruktur

serta sumberdaya manusianya yang

bermuara pada ketidakpastian hukum Hal

tersebut untuk mengefektifkan menghack

pisahkan sistem hukum nasional Indonesia

untuk menitipkan adanya celah mekanisme

internasional untuk mengintervensi

penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM di

Indonesia oleh karena itu perlu adanya

political will dari pemerintahan Serta

adanya dukungan yang kuat dari

masyarakat itu sendiri baik itu saja

yang dapat saya sampaikan dari

pembahasan ini saya kembalikan ke

moderator tumpuan pada kali ini adalah

pelanggaran HAM yaitu tindakan seseorang

atau sekelompok orang termasuk aparat

negara baik Sengaja maupun tidak tidak

sengaja mengurangi membatasi menghalangi

menghilangkan mengabaikan bahkan

mencabut hak seseorang atau individu dan

sekelompok orang yang mendapat jaringan

mekanisme hukum sebagai warganegara

bentuk-bentuk pelanggaran hak asasi

manusia terdiri atas pelanggaran HAM

ringan dan pelanggaran HAM berat

pelanggaran HAM ringan dan pelanggaran

dalam menghadapi permasalahan HAM

diperlukan dasar pemikiran rekonsiliasi

serta pembenahan dalam penegakan dan

perlindungan Ham sesuai dengan

undang-undang dasar yang telah

ditetapkan begitulah pembahasan pada

hari ini pada kelompok pamit kurang

lebihnya Mohon dimaafkan Sekian dan

terimakasih wassalamualaikum

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh ya