Kimia Industri - Proses Pembuatan Asam Sulfat (Bag.2-Diagram Alir Proses Kontak)
Summary
TLDRThis video script outlines the process of sulfuric acid production via the contact method, as explained by Pak Yoga. It begins with sulfur being burned to produce SO2, which is then directed to a heat exchanger and a converter where it's catalytically converted to SO3 with the aid of Fe2O3. The SO3 is cooled in an economizer before being absorbed by sulfuric acid in an oleum tower, resulting in a concentrated sulfuric acid product of 98-99%. The process involves heat recovery and recycling for efficiency, showcasing the industrial chemistry behind acid manufacturing.
Takeaways
- đ The process begins with sulfur being burned to produce sulfur dioxide (SO2).
- đȘïž Air is introduced to the process to facilitate the drying of sulfur and the subsequent combustion.
- đ„ The combustion of sulfur in the presence of air results in the formation of SO2 and heat vapors.
- đĄïž The SO2 and heat vapors are then directed to a heat exchanger where they are separated and utilized for power generation.
- đ§ The SO2 is cleaned by passing it through a gas filter to remove impurities and obtain clean SO2.
- đ SO2 is converted to SO3 in a converter with the help of a catalyst, such as iron oxide (Fe2O3).
- đ The heat generated from the conversion process is used to maintain the temperature in the converter and is also sent back to the combustion furnace.
- đż SO3 is cooled in an economizer before being sent to the oleum tower for absorption with sulfuric acid.
- đ§ In the oleum tower, SO3 is absorbed to form oleum, which is then cooled and partially recycled back to the oleum tower.
- đ The final product, sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98-99%, is obtained and cooled before being stored in tanks for use or further processing.
Q & A
What is the initial material used in the process of making sulfuric acid as described in the script?
-The initial material used in the process is sulfur, which is then fed into the system.
What happens to the sulfur after it is fed into the process?
-The sulfur is burned in a combustion furnace, undergoing oxidation to form SO2 (sulfur dioxide).
How is the sulfur dioxide (SO2) produced in the script's process further treated?
-SO2 is then directed to a heat exchanger where it is heated and separated from other gases.
What is the role of the catalyst in the conversion process of SO2 to SO3 as mentioned in the script?
-The catalyst, specifically ferric oxide (Fe2O3), aids in the conversion of SO2 to SO3 (sulfur trioxide) in a converter.
How is the heat generated in the conversion process utilized?
-The heat generated is used to preheat the gases going back into the converter for subsequent reactions and also directed to the combustion furnace for the next burning process.
What is the purpose of the economizer in the script's sulfuric acid production process?
-The economizer cools down the SO3 gas, preparing it for the absorption process in the absorption tower.
What occurs in the absorption tower, also known as the Menara Oleum, according to the script?
-In the absorption tower, SO3 is absorbed by sulfuric acid to form oleum.
What is the final product obtained from the absorption tower and what is its concentration?
-The final product obtained is fuming sulfuric acid, with a concentration of 98 to 99%.
How is the unabsorbed SO3 gas dealt with after the absorption tower process?
-Unabsorbed SO3 gas is directed to the sulfuric acid absorption tower where it is absorbed using water to produce sulfuric acid.
What is the final form of sulfuric acid produced in this process and what is its concentration?
-The final form of sulfuric acid produced is a liquid with a concentration of 98 to 99%.
What is the ultimate destination of the produced sulfuric acid as described in the script?
-The produced sulfuric acid is either cooled and recycled back into the process or stored in tanks as the final product.
Outlines
đŹ Process of Sulfuric Acid Production
This paragraph details the process of producing sulfuric acid through the contact process. It begins with sulfur burning in air to produce sulfur dioxide (SO2), which is then sent to a heat exchanger to be dried. The dried SO2 is then burned in a combustion furnace to produce more SO2 and hot vapors. These are sent to a waste heat boiler where they are separated, and the heat is used to generate electricity. The SO2 is then filtered to remove impurities and sent to a converter where it is converted to sulfur trioxide (SO3) with the help of a catalyst. The SO3 is then cooled in an economizer before being sent to an absorption tower where it reacts with sulfuric acid to form oleum. Unabsorbed SO3 is sent to a sulfuric acid absorption tower to produce concentrated sulfuric acid, which is then cooled and either sent back to the process or stored as a product.
đ Conclusion of Sulfuric Acid Production Process
This paragraph concludes the explanation of the sulfuric acid production process. It summarizes that the concentrated sulfuric acid, which is 98 to 99% pure, is either sent back into the process for further reactions or stored as a final product. The paragraph ends with a sign-off and thanks the viewers for their attention, wishing them well.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄFlow Diagram
đĄSulfuric Acid
đĄContact Process
đĄSulfur Dioxide (SO2)
đĄOxidation
đĄCatalyst
đĄAbsorption
đĄEconomizer
đĄOleum
đĄConcentration
đĄCooling
Highlights
Introduction to the process of making sulfuric acid through the contact process.
The process begins with sulfur burning to produce sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Sulfur dioxide is produced alongside hot vapor as a result of the combustion process.
Hot vapor is separated and used to generate steam for the power plant.
SO2 is then sent to the waste heat boiler for further processing.
SO2 is cleaned in a gas filter to remove impurities.
The cleaned SO2 is then sent to a converter where it is converted to SO3 with the help of a catalyst.
High temperatures generated in the conversion process are utilized for further reactions.
SO3 is cooled in an economizer before being sent to the oleum tower.
In the oleum tower, SO3 is absorbed using sulfuric acid to form oleum.
Unabsorbed SO3 is sent to the sulfuric acid tower for absorption using water.
Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98-99% is produced and cooled.
A portion of the sulfuric acid is recycled back to the oleum and sulfuric acid towers for further absorption.
The majority of the 98-99% concentrated sulfuric acid is sent to storage as a product.
The process includes recycling and reusing of materials to improve efficiency.
The use of catalysts in the conversion process enhances the production of SO3.
The process generates steam that can be used for power generation, showcasing energy efficiency.
The final product, sulfuric acid, has a wide range of industrial applications.
The process concludes with a thank you note and a closing religious salutation.
Transcripts
hai hai
Hai assalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh pada video kali ini kita
akan membahas mengenai diagram alir
proses pembuatan asam sulfat melalui
proses kontak bersama Pak Yoga berikut
adalah diagram alir proses pembuatan
asam sulfat proses ini diawali dari
belerang yang kemudian diumpankan menuju
ke m untuk dilelehkan dari m diperoleh
lelehan belerang pada bagian lain ada
udara yang kemudian dipompakan masuk
menuju ke Menara pengering untuk
dikeringkan dan diperoleh udara yang
bebas air udara yang bebas air dan
lelehan belerang ini kemudian diumpankan
secara bersamaan menuju ke tungku
pembakaran di sini belerang akan dibakar
dan mengalami oksidasi menjadi so2
sesuai dengan reaksi
Hai pada layar dimana S ditambah O2
menjadi CO2 hasil dari tungku pembakaran
ini berupa gas so2 dan juga uap panas
nah so2 dan juga uap panas ini kemudian
diumpankan menuju ke tungku panas limbah
ditunggu panas lima uap panas kemudian
dipisahkan yang nantinya akan digunakan
sebagai pembangkit listrik tenaga uap
pada pabrik tersebut Nah dari tungku
panas simbah diperoleh gas so2 yang
kemudian akan disaring pada filter gas
panas di sini akan dihilangkan gas-gas
pengotornya dan diperoleh so2 yang
bersih dari S2 O3 maupun Gas so2 Gas so2
ini kemudian dialirkan menuju ke Menara
Hai di sini so2 akan dikonversi menjadi
so3 proses konversi ini dibantu dengan
katalis fe2o
Hai dari proses konversi ini dihasilkan
panas yang tinggi yang kemudian
dialirkan menuju ke Menara penukar panas
jadi panas ini nanti akan dikirim
kembali ke converter untuk proses
selanjutnya dan bisa juga panas pada
penukar panas ini nanti akan di umpankan
menuju ke tungku pembakaran untuk proses
pembakaran berikutnya
Hai dari converter diperoleh so3 dalam
keadaan panas nah gas so3 ini kemudian
akan diumpankan menuju ke economizer di
economizer so3 akan didinginkan kemudian
diperoleh gas so3 nah gas SS3 ini
kemudian diumpankan menuju ke Menara
oleum
Hai di menara olium so3 akan diabsorpsi
dengan menggunakan asam sulfat sesuai
dengan reaksi Nah dari menara oleum ini
kemudian diperoleh oleum olium akan
diumpankan menuju ke pendingin untuk
didinginkan dimana sebagian kecil akan
diumpankan Kembali menuju ke Menara
olium dan sebagian besar akan dialirkan
menuju ke tangki olium sebagai produk
dari menara olium gas sulfur trioksida
atau so3 yang tidak terabsorbsi akan
dialirkan menuju ke Menara asam sulfat
Hai di menara Samsul fat gas so3
diabsorpsi menggunakan air dan diperoleh
asam sulfat asam sulfat yang diperoleh
adalah asam sulfat dengan konsentrasi 98
hingga 99% asam sulfat ini nantinya akan
dialirkan menuju ke cooler untuk
didinginkan yang kemudian asam sulfat
sebagian kecil akan dialirkan menuju ke
Menara asam sulfat dan juga ke Menara
olium yang nantinya akan digunakan untuk
menjerat so3 atau untuk mengabsorpsi gas
so3 pada proses berikutnya
Hai sedangkan asam sulfat dengan
konsentrasi 98 hingga 99% sebagian besar
akan dialirkan menuju ke tangki asam
sulfat sebagai produk
[Musik]
Hai sekian penjelasan Pak Yoga mengenai
diagram alir proses pembuatan asam
sulfat melalui proses kontak
Hai semoga bermanfaat terima kasih
wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh
hai hai
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