Misinformation and Disinformation (With KARA DAVID)

Summary

This video script by Kara David from the UP Journalism Department educates viewers on different types of fake news, including malinformation, misinformation, and disinformation. It highlights seven variants of mis- and disinformation, such as satire, false connections, and fabricated content, using relatable examples to emphasize the importance of media literacy in discerning truth from deception in today's information age.

Takeaways

• 😀 The term 'Fake News' is a misnomer because news should be true and accurate.
• 📢 There are three types of false information: Malinformation, Disinformation, and Misinformation.
• 😈 Malinformation is true information used with malicious intent, often to tarnish someone's reputation.
• 🤔 Misinformation is false information spread innocently by someone who doesn't know it's incorrect.
• 🚫 Disinformation is false information created intentionally to harm others.
• 😅 Satire or parody is a type of disinformation meant to be humorous and not to be taken seriously.
• 🔗 False connection or clickbait uses misleading headlines or thumbnails to attract clicks and views.
• 🖼️ Misleading content presents real information in a way that deceives or confuses readers.
• ⏰ False context occurs when truthful information is placed in an incorrect time or setting, altering its meaning.
• 🤖 Impostor content involves accounts or posts pretending to be someone or something they're not to deceive.
• 🛠️ Manipulated content is real material that has been altered to deceive, such as edited images or videos.
• 🌐 Fabricated content is entirely made up, with no basis in fact or reality.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the video script?

The main purpose of the video script is to educate viewers on the different types of fake news and misinformation, so they can be more discerning and avoid being fooled by false information.

What is the term 'Fake News' considered to be a misnomer for, according to the script?

The term 'Fake News' is considered a misnomer because by definition, news should be true and accurate; if the information is fake, it should not be called news.

What are the three types of false information or information disorder mentioned in the script?

The three types of false information are Malinformation, Misinformation, and Disinformation.

What is Malinformation and can you provide an example from the script?

Malinformation is information that is true but is used with a malicious intent, such as to tarnish someone's reputation. An example given is the hacking of private emails of American Democrats to ruin Hillary Clinton's reputation.

How is Misinformation different from Malinformation and Disinformation?

Misinformation refers to false information that is spread by someone who is unaware that the content they are sharing is incorrect, unlike Malinformation, which is intentionally harmful, and Disinformation, which is both false and intentionally harmful.

What is the difference between Satire and the other types of misinformation mentioned in the script?

Satire is a type of misinformation that is written to be funny and is meant to be laughed at, not believed. It often criticizes or comments on societal issues, unlike other types of misinformation that aim to deceive.

Can you explain the term 'Clickbait' as mentioned in the script?

Clickbait refers to misleading headlines or thumbnails that are designed to attract clicks and views, often by being sensational or unrelated to the actual content of the article or video.

What is the term for content that uses unusual angles to deceive or confuse people, as mentioned in the script?

The term for content that uses unusual angles to deceive or confuse people is 'Misleading Content'.

What is 'False Context' and how does it differ from other types of misinformation?

False Context is when truthful information is placed in the wrong context, making it misleading. It differs from other types of misinformation in that the information itself is accurate, but its presentation is deceptive.

What is 'Imposter Content' and why is it problematic?

Imposter Content refers to posts or accounts that pretend to be someone else, often a famous personality or company, to deceive people. It is problematic because it misleads the audience and can damage the reputation of the person or entity being impersonated.

What is 'Manipulated Content' and how does it relate to the examples given in the script?

Manipulated Content refers to real images or words that have been altered to deceive people. The script provides an example of officials appearing to float in a photo, which was edited to make it seem as if they were inspecting a site after a typhoon when they were not.

What is 'Fabricated Content' and why is it considered the worst type of misinformation according to the script?

Fabricated Content is information that is completely made up, with no basis in fact. It is considered the worst type of misinformation because it is entirely false and can be very damaging, as it can create entirely false narratives.